ISP Exam 1 Terms
Integrative Studies In Physical Science 203b with Van Dam at Michigan State University
About this deck
By: Kary Askew García
Textbook:
Natural Hazards and Disasters
Created: 2012-02-15
Size: 33 flashcards
Views: 12
Textbook:
Natural Hazards and DisastersCreated: 2012-02-15
Size: 33 flashcards
Views: 12
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Mitigation
efforts to prepare for a disaster and reduce its damage.
Precursor Events
major natural events are preceded by these which may warn of impending disaster.
Cyclic Events
Natural events that occur at predictable intervals.
Lithosphere
The stiff, rigid outer rind of the Earth
Asthenosphere
The inner, hotter, more easily deformed part of the Earth.
Tectonic Plates
Large blocks that make up the lithosphere
Mantle
The thick layer of material below the thin crust and above the Earth's core. Mostly peridotite in composition in its upper part. Its density approximates 3.2 or 3.3 g/cm cubed in the upper part and 4.5 g/cm cubed in the lower part.
Isostacy
Lower-density crust floats in Earth's higher density mantle. Also called isostatic equilibrium. Buoyancy.
Plate Tectonics
The theory that lithospheric plates that move relative to one another collide in some places, pull apart in others, and slide past one another in still others. These movements cause earthquakes and volcanic eruptions and builds mountain ranges
Divergent Boundary
A spreading plate boundary such as a mid-oceanic ridge. Plates move AWAY from each other.
Convergent Boundary
A tectonic plate boundary along which 2 plates come together by either subduction or continent-continent collision. Plates move TOWARD each other.
Subduction Zone
convergent boundary along which lithospheric plates come together and one descends beneath the other; often ocean floor descending beneath continent.
Transform Boundary
A boundary marked by a transform fault. Plates slide PAST each other.
Seafloor Spreading
Oceanic crust that spreads apart as lithospheric plates separate.
Trench
An elongate depression in the ocean floor at a subduction zone between 2 tectonic plates and most commonly at the edge of an active continental margin. Many in Pacific Ocean.
Rift Zone
an elongate spreading zone in the Earth's lithosphere.
Collision Zone
The zone of convergence between 2 lithospheric plates
Hotspot Volcano
an isolated volcano, typically not on a lithospheric radar that is indicative of a supercell thunderstorm. The hook shape often indicates development of a tornado.
Continental Drift
the gradual movement of continents as oceans spread and separate.
Mid-oceanic ridge
A high-standing rift or spreading zone in an ocean--for example the mid-Atlantic Ridge or East Pacific Ridge.
Magnetic Field
The area around a magnet which magnetism is felt. Slow convection currents are believed to generate the magnetic field.
Faults
Ruptures in the Earth's crust
Normal faults
A fault (generally steeply inclined) that has the upper block of rock moving down compared with the lower block.
Reverse faults
faults that have the upper block of rock moving up compared with the lower block.
Thrust faults
faults that have the upper block of rock moving up compared with the lower block. The fault surface is more gently inclined.
Strike-slip faults
faults that have relative lateral movement of the 2 sides.
Elastic Rebound Theory
The earth bouncing back upward
Stress
forces imposed on a rock
Strain
change in shape of rock in response to imposed stress.
Foreshocks
Smaller slips preceding the main earthquake.
Aftershocks
small slips to adjust
Offset
The amount of movement of a fault after an earthquake that measures the distance of movement.
Surface Rupture Length
The total length of the break
About this deck
By: Kary Askew García
Textbook: Natural Hazards and Disasters
Created: 2012-02-15
Size: 33 flashcards
Views: 12
Textbook:
Natural Hazards and DisastersCreated: 2012-02-15
Size: 33 flashcards
Views: 12
About StudyBlue
STUDYBLUE makes things that make you better at school.
Things like online flashcards with photos and audio.
Things like personalized quizzes and friendly reminders about when (and what) to study next.
Think of it as a digital backpack™: access to all of your study materials online and on your phone.
STUDYBLUE exists to make studying efficient and effective for every student, for free. Join us.
“I have used this website for three exams, and I see a huge difference in my test results.”
Naj
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