June 24

History 241 with Roney at University of Tennessee - Knoxville

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By: betsy appleton
Created: 2010-07-06
Size: 40 flashcards
Views: 91

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Peasant Rebellions

1354 Jacarei
1381 Wat Tyler
Clompi

Edward the 3

1354 Jacarei

Peasants burned down the manor houses because this is where the proof of their servitude lies
They were successful for a while in Northern France, but then the Nobles regrouped and annihilated the peasants

The hundred year?s war

1337-1453 Hundred Years War
1346 Battle of Crecy
1413-1442 Henry the 5 th
*The importance of Commoners in the Hundred years war is very important**

Peasants burned down the manor houses because this is where the proof of their servitude lies

If the peasants could bund the papers then they were free

1381 Wat Tyler

Took place in England
Lead by Wat Tyler
Rebelled because nobles were trying to get wages back to pre black death rates and against the Poll Tax, which was the tax of being alive
These peasants took London and had the power to take the government, but that isn?t what Tyler wanted.
Tyler agreed to disarm if the poll tax was lift and the wages stayed were they were

Clompi

Rebellion against the coinage being debased
The Clopi were being paid the same amount of coins, but the coins were smaller (bits had been taken out the coins, so they weighed less, which meant they were worth less
Their rebellion was successful until 1382

Tyler agreed to disarm if the poll tax was lift and the wages stayed were they were

The gov agreed to this and then as Tyler and his army of commoners left they were chased down and killed by the gov

1413-1442 Henry the 5

1337-1453 Hundred Years War

Fought between England and France
The cause had to do with feudalism
Philip the 6th 1328-1350
Edward the 3 rd

1346 Battle of Crecy

The English were using more modern warfare and the French were using an older fighting style in this battle
Foot soldiers (English used commoners as foot soldiers)
1337-1359 the English were winning

Philip the 6th 1328-1350

He was trying to centralize authority
This brought Philip into conflict with Edward the 3rd

Edward the 3 rd

Duke of Gascony
Edward started the Hundred years war because he didn?t like that Philip was try to excise authority over Gascony

1413-1442 Henry the 5 th

Started the fighting up again after the truce
Battle of Agincourt

Foot soldiers (English used commoners as foot soldiers)

Some of England?s commoners used pikes
Others used the long bow

Some of England?s commoners used pikes

The Pike had a hook, a pointy thing, and a blade
They used the hook to pull the men off of their horse and then chopped the men up as they lay on the ground under their heavy armor

1337-1359 the English were winning

However, the English were fighting in France, so they didn?t have enough resources to completely take over
And France began to take the English style of fighting into consideration around 1359

Others used the long bow

This was an improved bow from the middle ages
Could shoot with greater force over a greater distance
Had the potential to pierce armor if shot perfectly

Battle of Agincourt

Commoners won this battle
In 1429 Joan of Arc

In 1429 Joan of Arc

Teenage peasant girl
She believed the saints spoke to her
Convinced French leaders to let her lead the army
She was captured in 1430 and then put on trial and charge with heresy
She was then burned at the stake and this martyrdom touched the hearts of the French and the French went on to start winning the war after Joan?s death

The Early Modern Period

The Renaissance (there are two regions) and the word means rebirth
Northern Ren

Northern Ren

The Printing Press? invented in the 1450?s by Johannes Guttenberg
He invented movable type
Paper was a new thing during the time. Paper replaced velum
But even with the press the books were very expensive, but over...
Nobles preferred hand writing
Universities preferred printed books because all the books are...
By the year 1480 110 presses were operating around Europe, by...

There was a recovery of ancient Greek and ancient Latin text during this time

More things people would be interested in studying rather than theology
Science, Nature, law? especially Humanity

Humanism was reborn during this time

Pride and confidence in Humanity
People had the potential to do good, is the thought...
Some humanist focused on civic humanism
Petrarch 1304-1374
Leonardo Bruni 1370-1444
The most optimistic of Humanist was Pico Della...
1407-1457 Lorenzo Valla
Niccolo Machiavelli 1469-1527

Some humanist focused on civic humanism

Don?t retreat from society (that?s a waste)
Live with in society and try to improve it

Petrarch 1304-1374

From Padua in north eastern Italy, but spent most of his life in Avignon, since that was where the papacy was during his time
Sometimes called the farther of Humanism
And labeled the middle ages the ?middle ages?
Criticized Scholasticism
Wrote poetry in a vernacular Italian language

Leonardo Bruni 1370-1444

Also looked back to the ancients
And also loved Cicero
Therefore, Burni tried to do what Cicero did
Wrote a Panegyric of Florence, which was comparing Florence to the Roman Republic, basically saying that it was a wonderful place to live
Bruni was a student of Chrysoloras

Criticized Scholasticism

Criticized their use of the Latin Language

Wrote poetry in a vernacular Italian language

Not in Latin, which is what all the writing of that time was done in. However, by writing in a vernacular language more people could read his writing

The most optimistic of Humanist was Pico Della Mirandola 1463-1494

Best known for writing ?Oration on the Dignity of Man?
Really thought human beings had limitless potential
Ironically enough he was murdered by poison

And also loved Cicero

He said Cicero did not just sit around and do nothing. Cicero was active in the Senate

Therefore, Burni tried to do what Cicero did

He was high up in Power while Florence was battling Milan

Bruni was a student of Chrysoloras

Sometime between 1396-1400 Chrysloras (a scholar) made his way to Florence
There was a movement of Scholars moving out of the Byzantine Empire as the Turks were invading, during this time, which gave the ren. period an extra boost of intellect

Best known for writing ?Oration on the Dignity of Man?

This was a preface to another book ?900 conclusions?

1407-1457 Lorenzo Valla

From Rome
Used this new type of scholarship to apply it to something real
Study ancient text and languages
Used that knowledge to interpret the ?Donation of Constantine? which supported the thought of the bishop of Rome being put in power

This was a preface to another book ?900 conclusions?

Supposed to be a book of all human knowledge

Niccolo Machiavelli 1469-1527

From Florence
Was involved in the Florentine Government, while it was a republic 1494-1512

Used that knowledge to interpret the ?Donation of Constantine? which supported the thought of the bishop of Rome being put in power

Unfortunately, since Constantine was secretary to the Pope he was fired for discovering this

Was involved in the Florentine Government, while it was a republic 1494-1512

he was in favor of a Republican Government
But that republic fell and he was out of a job, so he wrote ?The Prince?

But that republic fell and he was out of a job, so he wrote ?The Prince?

This said only a Prince could do good for the people
Because that type of government could get good things done quickly, but if the Prince has no power than he can?t get any good things done. Therefore, the princes? first role is to remain in power by any means
Wrote this book for Cesar because he wanted to get in good with this man

About this deck

By: betsy appleton
Created: 2010-07-06
Size: 40 flashcards
Views: 91

About StudyBlue

“I have been getting MUCH better grades on all my tests for school. Flash cards, notes, and quizzes are great on here. Thanks!”
Kathy