Justice

Political Science 101 with Murphy at Rutgers University - New Brunswick/Piscataway

About this deck

By: Tiffany Lopez
Textbook:

Civilization and Its Discontents
Justice (Hackett Readings in Philosophy)

Leviathan (Oxford World's Classics)

Manifesto of the Communist Party

Politics (Oxford World's Classics)

The Essential Federalist and Anti-Federalist Papers

The Prince (Dover Thrift Editions)

The Wealth of Nations
Created: 2010-05-06
Size: 31 flashcards
Views: 479

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Politics and economics (Rawls, Marx)

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The Concept of Justice
"Other" Justice
Injustice
Plato (428 BCE - 348 BCE)
Platonic dialogue format: two aspects
Plato's Republic Book I
Book IV
The just man

Platonic dialogue format

two aspects

Socrates

I know that I know nothing

The Concept of Justice

A quality of individuals
A quality of communities

A quality of individuals

Just and unjust people
Just and unjust actions

A quality of communities

Just and unjust societies
Just and unjust policies

"Other" Justice

Criminal Justice System
Economic Justice
Racial Justice
Justice and Gender
Environmental Justice

Criminal Justice System

Police, courts, jails, etc...

Economic Justice

How resources are distributed across society

Racial Justice

Society's attempts to deal or not deal with long-standing racial issues (imbalance, prejudice)

Justice and Gender

Equal pay for equal work

Environmental Justice

Most unhealthy places to live are where poor people live

Injustice

Not just a lack of justice, but also an emotional expression
The absence of justice
The presence of something

The presence of something

Evil
Cruelty
Hatred
Insensitivity

Plato (428 BCE - 348 BCE)

"Plato is philosophy, and philosophy, Plato."

Ralph Waldo Emerson

Platonic dialogue format: two aspects

In Plato's view, philosophy is not an activity that one carries out in isolation, or by oneself.
Conversation
Questioning

In Plato's view, philosophy is not an activity that one carries out in isolation, or by oneself.

The search for truth is dialogical
We won't find truth by ourselves
Socrates questioning people
Socrates: I know that I know nothing

Conversation

Community
Plato vs. Descartes
Dialogical

Socrates questioning people

Long journey of discovery through a process of question and answer

Questioning

"Socratic" method
Can be tense

"Socratic" method

Constant questioning

Can be tense

Leads to anger, frustration, etc? as seen with Thrasymachus (complains that Socrates never gives his own answer to the question of justice)

Plato's Republic Book I

Thrasymachus' two arguments

I say that justice is nothing other than the advantage of the stronger.
Those who reproach injustice do so because they are not doing it but suffering it. So, Socrates, injustice, if it is on a large enough scale, is stronger, freer, and more masterly than justice.

Book IV

Socrates' view
The soul
Justice is the proper arrangement of the soul

Socrates' view

Doing one's own work, not meddling with what isn't one's own"
Therefore, isn't it appropriate for the rational part to rule, since it is really wise and exercises foresight on behalf of the whole soul, and for the spirited part to obey it and be its ally? And these two? will govern the appetitive part, which is the largest part in each person's soul?

The soul

Reason (rational part)
Courage (spirited part)
Appetite (appetitive part)

Justice is the proper arrangement of the soul

Rational part rules over other parts

The just man

He harmonizes the three parts of himself like three limiting notes in a musical scale - high, low and middle
When rational part is in command and the other parts submit to the rational part, we are just.

He harmonizes the three parts of himself like three limiting notes in a musical scale - high, low and middle

Injustice is disharmony in the soul