Key Terms 3

Encomienda: Spanish forced labor system in their American colonies. Creoles: European person born to white parents in the New World. Mestizo: person of mixed Amerindian and European parentage. Mulattos: persons of mixed African and European parentage. House of Burgesses: elected assembly in colonial Virginia created in 1618. Iroquois Confederation: an alliance among the Mohawk, Oneida, Onondaga, Cayuga, and Seneca Indians with whom the Dutch established trading relationships, giving them access to the Canadian fur trade. New France: French colony in North America, with a capitol in Quebec, founded in 1608. It fell to the British in 1760. Coureurs de bois: Runners of the woods; French fur traders, many of mixed Indian descent, who lived among and often married Indians in North America. Tupac Amaru II: member of the Inca aristocracy who led a rebellion against Spanish authorities in Peru in 1780-1781. He was executed along with his wife and other family members. Chartered companies: groups of private investors who paid and annual fee to France and England in exchange for a monopoly over trade to the West Indies colonies. Dutch West India Company: trading company chartered by the Dutch govt to conduct its merchants? trade in the Americas and Africa. Plantocracy: small number of very rich men who owned most of the slaves and land in the West Indies. Driver: privileged male slave whose job was to ensure that his gang completed their work. Seasoning: adjustment period African slaves went through to get used to their new environment, during which an average of 1/3 died due to disease. Manumission: legal grant of freedom to a slave by an owner.