KOTTAK - Chapter 1

Anthropology 160 with Childs at Washington University in St. Louis

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By: Yaa Kwansa
Textbook:

Life and Death on Mt. Everest: Sherpas and Himalayan Mountaineering

Mirror for Humanity: A Concise Introduction to Cultural Anthropology

Talking About People: Readings in Cultural Anthropology

The Headman Was a Woman
Created: 2011-01-30
Size: 21 flashcards
Views: 222

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adaptation

The process by which organisms cope with environmental stresses.

anthropology

The study of the human species and its immediate ancestors.

applied anthropology

The application of anthropological data, perspectives, theory, and methods to identify, assess, and solve contemporary social problems.

archaeological anthropology

The branch of anthropology that reconstructs, describes, and interprets human behavior and cultural patterns through material remains; best known for the study of prehistory. Also known as "archaeology."

biocultural

Referring to the inclusion and combination (to solve a common problem) of both biological and cultural approaches?one of anthropology's hallmarks.

biological (or physical) anthropology

The branch of anthropology that studies human biological diversity in time and space?for instance, hominid evolution, human genetics, human biological adaptation; also includes primatology (behavior and evolution of monkeys and apes). Also called physical anthropology.

cultural anthropology

The study of human society and culture; describes, analyzes, interprets, and explains social and cultural similarities and differences.

cultural resource management (CRM)

The branch of applied archaeology aimed at preserving sites threatened by dams, highways, and other projects.

cultures

Traditions and customs that govern behavior and beliefs; distinctly human; transmitted through learning.

ethnography

Field work in a particular culture.

ethnology

The theoretical, comparative study of society and culture; compares cultures in time and space.

food production

Plant cultivation and animal domestication.

general anthropology

The field of anthropology as a whole, consisting of cultural, archaeological, biological, and linguistic anthropology.

holistic

Interested in the whole of the human condition past, present, and future; biology, society, language, and culture.

linguistic anthropology

The branch of anthropology that studies linguistic variation in time and space, including interrelations between language and culture; includes historical linguistics and sociolinguistics.

natural selection

Originally formulated by Charles Darwin and Alfred Russel Wallace; the process by which nature selects the forms most fit to survive and reproduce in a given environment, such as the tropics.

phenotype

An organism's evident traits, its "manifest biology"?anatomy and physiology.

racial classification

The attempt to assign humans to discrete categories (purportedly) based on common ancestry.

science

A systematic field of study or body of knowledge that aims, through experiment, observation, and deduction, to produce reliable explanations of phenomena, with reference to the material and physical world.

sociolinguistics

Study of relationships between social and linguistic variation; study of language in its social context.

tropics

Geographic belt extending about 23 degrees north and south of the equator, between the Tropic of Cancer (north) and the Tropic of Capricorn (south).