Lab notecards

Biology 204 with Scrivner at Brigham Young University-Idaho

About this deck

By: kirstie Hatch
Textbook:

Laboratory Studies in Integrated Principles of Zoology
Created: 2011-01-18
Size: 65 flashcards
Views: 2

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Cell membrane

A biological membrane that seperates the interior of the cell from the outside environment.

Ectoplasm

The cortex of a cell or that part of cytoplasm just under the cell surface. A thin peripheral rim which is stiff, clear, glassy, and lacks organels.

Endoplasm

The portion of cytoplasm that immediatly surrounds the nucleus.

Pseudopodia

False feet, extensions of the cell body used to move and grab food.A temporary cytoplasmc protrusion extended out from a protozoan or ameboid cell, and serving for locomotion or for engulfing food.

Hyaline cap

advancing end of the pseudopodium

Food vacuole

a digestive organelle in the cell.

Contractile vacuole

A clear fluid filled cell vacuole. Collects water and releases it to the outside in a cyclical manner, for osmoregulation.

Nucleus

The organelle in eukaryotes that contains the chromatin and which is bounded by a double membrane

Phagocyte

Any cell that engulfs and devours microorganisms or other particles.

Phagocytosis

The engulfment of a particle by a phagocyte.

Pinocytosis

is a form of endocytosis in which small particles are brought into the cell suspended within small vesicles that subsequently fuse withlysosomes to hydrolyze, or to break down, the particles.

lysosomes

Tiny membrane bound organells that allow hydrolytic enzymes to go into food vacules for digestion

Binary fission

In this process, two daughter cells are produced by a single parent cell which effectively clones itself. Is a form of asexual reproduction.

test

shell or outer covering

Chloroplasts

A plastid containing chlorophyll and usally other pigments.

Flagellum

Whiplike organelle of locomotion.

Reservoir

Where the flagellum emerges from a clear, flask shaped space in the anterior end.

Pellicle

A clear protective covering secreated from the ectoplasm.

Stigma

Eyespot, a reddish pigment that is light sensitive.

Zooids

One celled individuals

Dauter colony

Colonies of volvox inside a mother cell

Somatic Cells

Help an organism get its nutrition

Cytostome

The mouth of a cell wich is located at the posterior end of the oral groove

Cytopharynx

Short tubular gullet that is lined with cilia that is used to draw in food.

Cilia

A hairlike vibrating organelle wich is used for movement of particles and locomotion.

Macronucleus

The larger of the two kinds of nuclei which controls all cell functions except reproduction.

Micronucleus

The small nucleus which controls the reproduction function of the organism.

Trichocysts

Saclike protruisible organelle in the ectoplasm wich discharges as a threadlike weapon of defense. or used as an anchor while an animal feeds.

Osculum

Opening of the sponge surrounded by spicules. Excurrent opening of the sponge.

Spicules

One of the minute calcareous or silicone skeletal bodies found in sponges ect. Used for protection.

Radial Canals

Closed at the outer end but opens into the central cavity for sponges.

Incurrent canals

External spaces between enclosed canals, Canals that opend from the outside but end at the inner end.

Dermal Ostia

The opening of the incurrent cannals

Prospyle

Opening between the incurrent and radial canal. Water enters through these openings to get to the radial canals then travel to the spongocoal and out through the osculum.

Apopyle

Small pores that open from radial canals into the spongocoal.

Amphilblastula larvae

Young larvae found in radial canals, somtimes in mesoglea

Mesoglea

Sponge cells wich are loosely arranged in a matrix. It is the connective tissue.

Choanocytes

Inside radial canal, have flaggela that capture food and move the water

Pinacocytes

thin cells lining incurrent canals

Gemmule

Is the result of asexual reproduction.

hydrostatic skeleton

Fluid in the gastrovascular cavities.

Hypostome

Elevated area surrounded by tenticles

Gastrovascular cavity

Body cavity in certain lower lower invertibrates that functions in both digestion and circulation and has a single opining serving as both mouth and anus.

Cnidocytes

cells that have nematocysts.

Nematocysts

Stinging cells

Epidermis

Single layer of ectodermal epithelium. The outer, nonvascular layer of skin of ectodermal origin.

Mesoglea

Layer of jelly-like material between Gastrodermis and epidermis.

Asexual Buds

A part of the body wall which grows out as a bud, that lengthens and develops tentacles and a mouth at its distal end. Eventually the bud breaks off from the parent.

Testes with spermatozoa

Small outgrowths containing many spermatozoa wich break out of the testes wall.

Ovary with egg

Is a large rounded elevation nearer the basal end. The ovary produces a large ripe egg, wich breaks out and lies free on the surface.

Monoecious

Having both male and female gonads in the same organism.

Dioecious

Having male and female gonads in separate individuals.

Planula

A larvae which settles and attaches to substratum.

Gastrozooid (=Hydranths)

Nutritive polyps

Gonozooid (=Gonangia)

Reproductive polyps

Medusae

Medusa buds that are released from the Gonangia. They are dioecious

Hydrorhiza

Rootlike stolon that attaches a hydroid to its substrate.

Coenosarc

a hollow tube composed of epidermis, mesoglea, and gastrodermis.

Perisarc

Transparent protective covering

Exumbrella

The convex outer surface. (aboral)

Subumbrella

The concave (oral) surface.

Adhesice Pads

near the distal distal end of the tentacle.

Velum

characteristic of hydromedusa and it is absent in true sea jellies.

Manubrium

The portion projecting from the oral side of a sea jelly medusa, bearing the mouth, oral cone,