Learning_and_Memory_Presen...doc

Deborah What is one of the roles mirror neurons play in learning? A. People learn skills through the activation of neurons when observing their own actions B. People learn skills through the activation of neurons when only observing animals C. People learn skills through the activation of neurons when only observing humans D. People learns skills through activation of neurons when observing both animals and humans Mirror neurons were first discovered in: A. Humans B. Monkeys C. Dolphins D. Cats What brain region appears to be most responsible for imitation? A. Premotor cortex B. Superior parietal lobule C. Superior temporal sulcus D. Supramarginal gyrus Christine When required to pay attention to a certain type of stimuli to complete a task when would an anxious individual?s performance be the least impaired? A. With threatening stimuli B. With neutral stimuli C. With calm stimuli D. Anxious individual show equally poor working memory in all tasks Which attention processing system does Attention Control Theory state anxious individuals are more likely to use? A. Goal directed B. Stimulus directed C. Central directed D. Top-down What are functions of executive control? A. Inhibits inappropriate responses B. Shifts attention to stay on a relevant task C. Maintains information in working memory D. All of the above Kayla 1. Backward-masking involves: a. Presenting a masking stimulus first and following it with the stimulus of interest b. Masking one stimulus by distorting the shape, color, or texture of it c. Presenting a stimulus of interest first and following it with a masking stimulus d. Asking participants to wear masks backwards when responding to various stimuli 2. When the presentation of the masking stimulus was delayed (resulting in more time to process information): a. The amygdala was activated during the presentation of phobic and fear-relevant (but non-feared) stimuli b. The amygdala was activated during the presentation of the phobic stimuli c. The amygdala was relatively disengaged during the presentation of fear relevant (but non-feared) stimuli d. Both b and c 3. During immediate presentation of the masking stimulus, the amygdala was activated for both phobic and fear relevant stimuli. This suggests that: a. The amygdala may be an early warning system for detecting potentially threatening stimuli b. Stimuli that are potentially relevant to survival may automatically elicit a response c. The amygdala monitors the environment for emotionally relevant stimuli that may not be a current focus of attention, and redirects attention when further processing is warranted d. All of the above Jennifer Facial expression is an example of a ________ and sadness is an example of a ________ that are associated with emotion. A. Physiological response; behavior B. Feeling; physiological response C. Behavior; feeling D. None of the above Vivid memories that form quickly due to extreme emotional reactions are ________ memories. A. flashbulb B. photographic C. echoic D. semantic Based on the study on flashbulb memories, the content of flashbulb memory narratives was most consistently affected by: A. number of recounts B. number of exposures C. length of delay D. source of information Sam The concept of ?limited? or ?bounded? rationality was first proposed by: A. Daniel Kahneman B. Amos Tyversky C. Herb Simon D. XT Wang Which of the following is TRUE of heuristics? A. Reduce cognitive and time constraints B. Often generate accurate decisions in appropriate contexts C. At times, though, can lead to severe and systematic errors such as biases and fallacies in decision making D. All of the above Epley & Gilovich (2006) demonstrated that the influence of self-generated anchors occurs through a process of ________________. A. Confirmatory hypothesis testing B. Trial-and-error C. Insufficient adjustment D. Random bias Nick 1. Second language speech production requires: a. Semantic Memory b. Perceptual-motor Skills c. Cognitive Skills d. All of the Above 2. All participants in the Second-Language Acquisition study a. Were native English speakers b. Went on a study abroad c. Loved Pizza d. All of the above 3. Participants who were immersed in the Spanish Language (L2) showed that a. They know how to travel in style b. Retroactive interference of the native language facilitates second language acquisition c. Classroom learning is better than language immersion d. All of the above Erick The analytical rumination hypothesis proposes that depression ____. a. has no substantial costs b. is always caused by biological dysfunction c. is a functional response to problems in the environment d. is best treated with antidepressants Negative emotions are stress response mechanisms that ________. a. are triggered by particular stressors b. make coordinated tradeoffs in the functioning of body systems c. allocate limited resources accordingly d. all of the above Cognitive behavioral therapy ____. a. is a heterogeneous form of therapy b. focuses only on changing cognitions c. is like the bible to Ryan Hunsaker d. both A and C Aimee Three emotional types of responses include: A) Physiological response, Observable behaviors, and Conscious feelings B) Agreeable, Disagreeable, Indifferent C) Good, Bad, Neutral D) None of the above Emotions are connected to learning in what way: A) Emotions are not connected to learning B) Positive emotions in a classroom setting can lead to more successful learning C) Negative emotions and negative beliefs can motivate a person to work harder and learn more D) None of the above The Aragão (2011) study found: A) Beliefs and emotions influence the learning of a foreign language B) Beliefs and emotions do not influence the learning of a foreign language C) Narrative research is useless D) None of the above Rachel In this study, high levels of independent signing were achieved by A. All 4 children B. All children except the child with Down Syndrome C. Only the boys D. Only the girls It is suggested that sign language be taught to children before what age? A. 15 years old B. 6 years old C. 2 years old D. 9 years old Which of the following is not a possible reason for the positive correlation between gesturing and verbal development? A. Exposure to more verbalizations B. Children learn better when it is something they are interested in C. Gesturing serves as scaffolding D. Luck Kendra