Lecture 11.05..08.docx

Mexican Texans also faced discrimination in WWII 5 medal of honor winners Dr. Hector Garcia-won bronze star and 6 battle stars There was extreme discrimination towards Japanese Americans which had a small % of population in Texas executive order 9066-paved the way for relocation of Japanese passed by FDR. 3 locations in Texas; Seagoville, Chrystal city, Kennedy. Often were moved to relocation centers along the west coast 442nd regimental combat team-served in WWII all Japanese Americans. Went behind enemy lines and rescued another group. During war industry in TX gook off, steel mills in Houston, largest smelter in TX City, air craft factories in ft. worth and Grand Prairie, ship yards in Galveston, Beaumont, and Port Arthur. Petro chemical industry benefitted most from WWII. Refined oil for military, made weapons, parachutes came out of war as second largest industry in tx The percentage of African Americans in cities rose, many also migrated north to get jobs Campaign to get women into the workforce. ?Rosie the riveter?, many moved into workforce; when war ends women have to get out of work to supply jobs for men coming back from war Between 1945 and 1962 Texas economy grew into its own. 1947 petroleum industry was the largest in the state. Foreign oil increasingly began coming into the country. Industry continues to grow w/foreign oil OPEC-organization of petroleum exporting countries-originally 6 members formed in 1960 to regulate the trading and prices of oil negotiated contracts exerted some pressure on the multinationals 1958-jack kilby worked for TX instruments and invented the silicon microchip lays foundation for growth of computer. Won Nobel prize for physics in 2000 1958- president Eisenhower signed a bill establishing NASA Sputnik was launched in 1957 country was very concerned about soviet power and cold war School curriculum formed to teach kids math/science/language 1962-NASA opens in Houston manned spacecraft center 1960 JFK stated that we would put a man on the moon before the decade was over There are 9 spacecraft centers around the nation Houston was chosen b/c of VP LBJ named Johnson place center When oil prices rose, Houston economy survived b/c they had other industries Transportation-Texas aeronautics commission in charge of managing airline industry. Braniff was largest commercial carrier, federal interstate highway system established in 1956 created highways for 1st time at height of cold war, US needed a way to transport people and supplies tx needed to move oil highways made it more efficient