Lecture 12: 5/12

StudyBlue printing of Lecture 12: 5/12 html, body, div, span, applet, object, iframe, h1, h2, h3, h4, h5, h6, p, blockquote, pre, a, abbr, acronym, address, big, cite, code, del, dfn, em, font, img, ins, kbd, q, s, samp, small, strike, strong, sub, sup, tt, var, b, u, i, center, fieldset, form, label, legend, table, caption, tbody, tfoot, thead, tr, th, td { margin: 0; padding: 0; border: 0; outline: 0; font-size: 100%; background: transparent; } body { line-height: 1; } blockquote, q { quotes: none; } blockquote:before, blockquote:after, q:before, q:after { content: ''; content: none; } /* remember to define focus styles! */ :focus { outline: 0; } /* remember to highlight inserts somehow! */ ins { text-decoration: none; } del { text-decoration: line-through; } /* tables still need 'cellspacing="0"' in the markup */ table { border-collapse: collapse; border-spacing: 0; } /* end RESET */ .header { min-width:800px; } .logo { padding:6px 20px 2px 20px; margin:0; font-size:25px; font-weight:bold; color:#808285; position:relative; border-bottom: 1px solid #c5c5c5; } .logo-blue { color:#70adc4; } .logo-desc { font-weight:normal; font-size:19px; color:#cccccc; margin-top:50px; position:absolute; display: none; } .back-button { position:absolute; top:20px; right:20px; font-size:13px; line-height:25px; color:rgb(0,175,225); font-weight:normal; } .back-button a { color:rgb(0,175,225); } .instructions { padding:0; margin:0; width:100%; position:relative; color:rgb(100,100,100); } .step-holder { border-left:1px solid #ededed; margin-left:20px; } .steps { padding:15px 0; float:left; width:24%; border-right:1px solid #ededed; text-align:center; } .steps-01 { } .steps-02 { } .steps-03 { } .steps-04 { } .label { padding:5px 10px; } .print-button { } .print-button a { background-color:rgb(0,175,225); color:white; line-height: 19px; padding:9px 8px 5px 30px; font-size:14px; text-decoration:none; background-image: url(images/printer.png); background-repeat: no-repeat; background-position: 7px 50%; -moz-border-radius: 5px; -webkit-border-radius: 5px; } .print-button a:hover { background-color:black; } .theNote .content { width: 8.0in !important; margin: 5px auto; padding:20px; background-color:white; } .theNote .header { border-bottom: 1px dashed #C8C8C8; font-size: 17px; padding: 0 0 10px; line-height: 19px; color: #00ADE1; min-width:500px; } .theNote .body { font-size: 14px; line-height: 19px; padding: 10px 0; } .theNote{ padding:6px 0; clear:both; background-color: rgb(200,200,200); } .theNote h3{ color: rgb(100,100,100); } .theNote h1, .theNote h3{ background-color:white; padding:2px 20px; width:8.0in !important; margin: 0 auto; font-size: 15px; } .theNote h1{ padding-top: 10px; font-size: 15px; } .theNote h1:first-child{ font-size: 20px; } .theNote h3 { font-size: 14px; font-weight: normal; } #options { border: 3px double #ccc; padding: 5px 12px; margin: 10px 50px 10px 20px; float: left; } #info { border-top: 1px solid #ccc; padding-top: 5px; font-style: italic; } li { margin: 5px 10px 5px 25px; } ul li { list-style: disc; } ol li { list-style: decimal; } img { border: 0; } table { clear: both; width: 100%; border: 1px solid #c5c5c5; border-width: 1px 0; margin: 0; page-break-after: always; } table#page { page-break-after: auto; } td { text-align: center; font-size: 12px; border-bottom: 1px dashed #c5c5c5; height: 1.75in; width: 50%; padding-left: 15px; } .leftside { border-right: 1px solid #cccccc; padding: 0 15px 0 0; } .bottom td { border-bottom: none; } .clearfix { clear:both; line-height:1px; height:1px; } img { max-width:80%; max-height:150px; margin:20px; } @media print {.header { display: none; } .content .header{ display:inherit; } table { border: 1px dashed #bbb; border-width: 1px 0; } .theNote{ background-color:white; } } Today Economic, Social and Cultural Rights: The Right to Development as a Human Right? Access to Health Care as a Human Right? Patents, Profits, and People Economic, Social, and Cultural Rights/ Right to Development are economic and social rights as important as civil and political rights? in what cases should states play an active role in providing basic economic and social rights? Are there cases where might state inaction be better (what ciriteria should be used in distinguishing?) in states with scarce resources, state elites ofte argue that certain basic civil and political rights...MISSING International Covenant on Ecnomic, Cultural and Social Rights (ICECSR) adopted by GA: Dec. 1966 due to politics of Cold War, took 10 years to enter into force: Jan. 1976 10 May 2011, Total States Party: 160 of 192 US has not ratified UN monitoring committee for ICECSR Committee on Economic, cultural, and Social Rights Cnetral Rights protected right of all to self-determination, including right to "freely determine..political status," labor rights rights to social security rights to family life rights to adequate standard of living (esp. food, water, housing) rights to health rights to education right to partcipation in cultural life Substantive Rights protections of ICESCR work under just and favorable conditions, the right to form and join trade unions social security, including social insurance family life, including paid parental leave and the protection of children an adequate standard of living, including adequate food, clothing and housing, and the "continuous improvement of living conditions" health, specifically the hgihest attainable standard of physical amd mental health education - free universal primary educaton, generally available secondary edu, and equally accessible higher edu...directed to full dev. of the human personality and active participatioin in society participation in cultural life ICESCR, article 2: Principle of "progressive realization" each state party to the present covenant undertakes to take steps, individually and through international assistance and co-operation, especially ecnomic and technical, to the maximum of its available resources, with a view to achieving progressively the full realization of the rights recognized in the present covenant by all appropriate means, including particuarly the adoption of legislative measures need to demonstrate that given resources the state has, it is taking concrete steps need to document that there is no discrimination Interpretation: requires states party to thet reaty to take deliberate and concrete steps to fulfill their treaty obligation within a reasonable amount of time imposes minimum core obligations to provide...mimum essential levels of each of ther giths if resources are highly constrained, requires targeting of the most vulnerable imposes a continuing obligation..... Enforcement mechanism: comprised of 18 human rights experts, elected for 4 year temrs by states parties half of members are elected every 2 years monitiors implementation of iCESCR all states parties required to submit reports outlining the legislative, judicial, policy progress and other measures taken to implement Covenant's right s first report due within 2 years of ratification; thereafter every 5 years committee examines reports and addresses concerns and recomendations to States party as "concluding observations" cooperative process rather than draconian process more about changing norms than laws State bolgiations? enforcement mechanisms are weak deference to state sovereignty DeLaet, p. 105 the sbasences of clear-cut obligations and enforcement machinery does not mean that states will not be influenced by norms suggesting that they have responsibilities... 1. actively provide economic and social rights through legislation (welfare states, job creation, health care, access to education, industrial development) 2. not interfere in individuals' efforts to promote their encomic rights? 3. prevent other actors (powerful eocnomic actors ie. MNCs) from violating the economic rights of individauls and groups Relationship between economic and social rights and political and civil rights are they inherently in tension? what's wrong with coneptualizing social and economic rights as "positive rights" and political and civil rights as "negative rights" Right to development as a human right? states that the right to develoment is a human right us casts single dissenting vote 1986 declaration on the right to development formally proclaimed and efined only in 1986 declaration, not a treaty two major ways in which human rights struggles have focused on development processes in the last two decades are right to development: the strugles of por countries for a better deal in the global ecnomic system human rights based approach to development: RTD: is a discourse in the human rights filds: about internatioanl negotiations on global eocnomic order, and refers to unequal distribtuion of political and eocnomic power in the world HRBA: disocurse in the development field, and is about linking development policies to the realization of humanr giths concepts are distinct and promoted by different actors Rights to development article 1 inalienable human right deference to sovereinty all people entitled to eocnomic, social, acultural, and political development human development: how to measure it? what's wrong with using natioanl ecnomic indicators as measure of development fro a human rights perspective difference between global north and south. inaccurate. not even distribution UN's Human Development Index (HDI) developed in 1990 used by the UNDP combines measure of life expectancy, literacy, educational attainment, and adjusted real income goal: promotion of human freedom: human rights a a