Lecture 4 February 3 DEA Notes.docx

DEA Lecture February 3, 2010 Vernacular architecture- architecture for the common person Gap btwn designer and user Incongruence (Poor person environment fit) Ex doorbell too high for children, right handed desks, and nursery school toilets being too tall Exams and Data ? will be given 10 questions Cannot have materials with you Some questions may involve data Ex- Hypothetical IQ of first grade children as a function of early lead exposure In utero low= 100, high =75 3-5 years of age= low=100, high=100 Will be something about determinism, plasticity, critical period, etc Graph is suggesting environmental determinism- there are differences in high and low exposure There is also a critical period Does this graph show evidence of environmental determinism, critical period, how? To show critical period: must have a difference and no difference no where else If both went down at the high level, there will be no critical period- so you have to talk about the COMPARISON data For environmental determinism, you say that overall, the ppl exposed to high lead had lower iq?s than those exposed to low lead- can take the mean of low?s and high?s What is important is the pattern Fill in the blanks for evidence for determinism and critical period? Have 100, 100 and 75, 75- show difference, but the age doesn?t matter But DOES NOT prove that there is no critical period at all- we just know about these ages Dif ex- same example- with top being high anxious mom Low anxiety mom, (low) 125, 125, and (high) 115, 125 There is still determinism and critical period There is evidence of cognitive appraisal- difference for low anxiety mother is smaller with in utero lead exposure Your mom?s anxiety level is modifying the effect- suggests that there is cog. appraisal- something that your mom is doing There is some other psychosocial, cultural, w/e influence Personal Space (3rd HER Process- after determinism and appraisal) The Hidden Dimension- space between objects Hall uses perspective called ethology- behavior under naturalistic circumstances Talks about contact and non-contact species Species that keep some species between themselves- like the seagulls on the slide- noncontact Contact species- sea lions, pigs, this idea is only relevant in non-contact species Hall says that we are a non-contact species (also penguins) There are zones based on the relationships people have- he came up with a taxonomy of distances Intimate, personal, social, public Intimate- ½ to 1 ½ (old women together, lovers) Personal 1 ½ to 4 ft Social 4-12 ft Public 12 ft or more We use these spacings to communicate with each other As soon as he becomes a nominee- associates shifted from a social to a public distance Obama- as soon as he became president- there was a social distance- he has a different status now Social relationship- (as a woman) will stand closer to a man you know (heterosexual) than a women that you know Men stand further apart than women do Culture has a role in this too Some tolerate closer interpersonal distances than other cultures Middle Eastern Culture, Latin America- closer (Hall calls these contact cultures) Anglo, European, North American- further Ethnic differences within North America- African Americans may desire more personal space than Anglos Interesting- think about cross- cultural communication- we are talking about a major component of nonverbal communication Cross-cultural, you may get some difficulty in communication- if he wants to be closer, a guy might feel that the person he is interacting with is cold Other might think close dude is pushy Collectivism vs Individualism -- how much does the culture define itself by individual achievement Would expect that collectivist cultures have smaller personal space zones In kids, these things don?t matter much Age, gender, culture, and AGE matters with personal space Interpersonal distance increases with age At around 7th grade, boys have a much larger personal distance (puberty)- this is when you reach adult norms Elderly- might be status- we don?t know much about it