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- Central Michigan University
- Biology
- Biology 240
- Zanatta
- Lecture _15_PDF.pdf
Lecture _15_PDF.pdf
Biology 240 with Zanatta at Central Michigan University
About this note
By: Jelina Hesselink
Textbook:
Essential Environment: The Science Behind the Stories (3rd Edition)
Created: 2010-03-08
File Size: 9 page(s)
Views: 13
Textbook:
Essential Environment: The Science Behind the Stories (3rd Edition)Created: 2010-03-08
File Size: 9 page(s)
Views: 13
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3/2/10 1 Objec&ves:? 1.? Understand?components?of?freshwater?ecosystems?? 2.? Use?and?altera&on?of?aqua&c?systems? 3.? 5?types?of?water?pollu&on? 4.? Water?supply:?problems,?solu&ons? 5.? Water?quality:?problems,?solu&ons? 6.? How?wastewater?is?treated??innova&ve?newer?methods? Rivers? Tributary:? Watershed:? Floodplain:? Riparian?Zone:? Lakes? Lakes:? Li9oral?zone:?? Benthic?zone:? Limne>c?zone:? Profundal?zone:? 3/2/10 2 Oligotrophic?lakes:?have?_______?and?____________condi&ons? Eutrophic?lakes:?have?________?and?__________?condi&ons? Marshes,?swamps,?and?bogs? ?? Wetlands:? ?? Freshwater?marshes:? ?? Swamps:? ?? Bogs:?? ?? They?slow?runo??,?reduce??ooding,?recharge?aquifers,??lter? pollutants? ?? People?have?drained?wetlands,?mostly?for?agriculture.? ??Southern?Canada?and?the?U.S.?have?lost?more?than?half?of? their?wetlands.? Ecosystem?Func&on?of?Wetlands? ?? They:? 1.???? 2.??? 3.??? 4.??? People?have?drained?wetlands,?mostly?for?__________.? ??U.S.?have?lost?more?than?______?of?their?wetlands.? What?is?the?largest?wetland?system?in?the?US?? Groundwater?plays?a?key?role? ?? Aquifers:? ?? Zone?of?aera>on:?pore?spaces? are?_________??lled?with?water? ?? Zone?of?satura>on:?spaces?are? ___________??lled?with?water? ?? Water?table:? Groundwater: any _______that does not___________, flow into waterways, or get taken up by organisms 3/2/10 3 The?Ogallala?Aquifer? ??World?s?_____?aquifer? ??The?Great?Plains? ??Best?_____?produc&on? in?world? Deple&ng?groundwater? ?? As?aquifers?become?depleted:? 1.? Water_________________? 2.? Salt?water?_________?in?coastal?areas? 3.? Some?ci&es?(Venice,?Mexico?City)?are____________? 4.? ____________?dry?up? Water?is?_________________?in?space?and?&me? Dams? Dam:?an?_______?in?a?river?or?stream?that?blocks?water??ow?so? that?water?can?be?stored?in?a?reservoir? Only?a?few?major?rivers?in?remote?regions?remain?undammed.? Dams?are?dismantled?when?their?costs?outweigh?their?bene?ts.? Rivers?with?dismantled?dams:? 1.? ?? 2.? ?? 3.? ?? 3/2/10 4 A?typical?dam? China?s?Three?Gorges?Dam? ?? Cost _____________ to build ?? ___________cities and the homes ?? Submerging _____________ sites ?? Drowning ____________________ habitat ?? Sediments Dikes?and?levees? ??Flooding?is:? ??Good?because:? ??Not?Good:? The?U.S.?Army?Corps?of?Engineers?has? constructed??__________________?of?levees.? ??Levees?can?make??oods?worse?by? _______________?to?stay?in?channels? and_______?.? River?Diversions? The once mighty Colorado River has been extensively diverted: video 3/2/10 5 The?Aral?Sea? ?? Once?the?fourth?largest?lake?on? Earth? ?? ____of?its?volume?in?just? __years.? ?? Diverted?to?irrigate__________.? ?? Dust?from?the?lake?bed?is?blown? into?the?air.?Has?_________?in?it!? 60,000 fishing jobs are gone. http://www.youtube.com/watch? v=xSEXIxDVMBg&feature=related http://www.youtube.com/watch? v=EAUyddi_5j8&feature=fvsr Water?wars?? ??_____?major?rivers?cross?na&onal?borders.? ??disagreements?are?common.? ??_______?is?a?key?element?in?hos&li&es?among_____,? _______?and?neighboring?countries.? ??Many?na&ons?______?with?neighbors?to?resolve? disputes.? ??Trea&es?have?been?signed?by?na&ons?in_________? Solu&ons?to?deple&on? ?? We?can?either?_______?supply?or?______demand.? ?? Lowering?demand:?? 1.? Poli&cally?__________? 2.? Beber?__________? 3.? Cause?less?______________damage? ?? Increasing?freshwater?supply:? ??Water?can?be?_________:? ??It?can?be?taken??? ??Other?ideas?? 3/2/10 6 Desaliniza&on? ?? Desalina>on?(Desaliniza>on):? ?? Dis>lling:? ?? Reverse?osmosis:? ?? Nega&ve:? 1.? ?? 2.? ?? 3.? ?? Most?facili&es?operate?in?the?arid?Middle?East.? Agricultural?demand?for?water?is? highest? ??Decrease?agricultural?demand?by:? 1.? Lining?irriga&on?canals?and?increase?e?ciency? 2.? Low?pressure? 3.? Drip?irriga&on?systems? 4.? Match?crops? 5.? Selec&ve?breeding?and?gene&c?modi?ca&on?to:? 6.?Eat?less_____? Residen&al?and?industry?demand? ??In?households:? ??Install:?______?faucets?? ??Lawn?watering..? ??Xeriscaping:? ??In?industry:?shig?to?processes?that?use?less?water? 1.?Wastewater?____________? 2.?Patch____________? 3.?________?industries? 4.?Promote?_____________to?the?public? Economic?approaches?to?water? conserva&on? ?? No?government?________?of?_________prac&ces.? ?? Priva&za&on?of?water?supplies? 3/2/10 7 Point?and?non?point?source?water? pollu&on? ?? Point?source?water?pollu>on:? ??Examples:??Factory?or?______?pipes? ?? Non?point?source?water?pollu>on? ??Examples:? ?? The?U.S.?__?Act?addresses?point?source?pollu&on.? Toxic?chemicals? ?? From?natural?and?synthe&c?sources? ??Pes&cides,?petroleum?products,?synthe&c?chemicals? ??Arsenic,?lead,?mercury,?acid?rain,?acid?drainage?from?mines? ?? E?ects?include:?? 1.? ___________?animals?and?plants? 2.? ?altering?______ecosystems? 3.? ?____________??problems? Solu&ons:? 1.? ?? 2.? ?? Sediment?pollu&on? ??Sediment?can?impair?aqua&c?ecosystems.? ??Mining,?clear?cuhng,?housing?development,?poor? cul&va&on?prac&ces? E?ects:? ??Solu&ons:??? ??Beber?____________?of?farms?and?forests? ??Avoid?_______________________?of?vegeta&on? Thermal?pollu&on? ??Warmer?water?holds?less?oxygen.? ??Kills?__________?organisms?? ??_____________?cooling?heats?water.? ??Removing?____________?also?raises?temperature? ??Water?that?is?too?cold?causes?problems.? ??Water?at?the?__________________?is?colder.? ??Favor?________________?species.? 3/2/10 8 Groundwater?pollu&on? ?? Groundwater?pollu&on?is?hidden?from?view?(?out?of?sight,?out?of? mind?).? ??Di?cult?to__________? ??Retains?contaminants?for?____________________? ??Toxic?chemicals?occur?naturally:? ?? Pollu&on?from?human?ac&vity:? Examples:? Tes&ng?water?quality? 1.? ____________?indicators:?presence?of?fecal? coliform?bacteria,?algae,?and?aqua&c? invertebrates? 2.? __________?indicators:?nutrient?concentra&on,? pH,?taste,?odor,?hardness,?dissolved?oxygen? 3.? _____________?indicators:?temperature,?color,? turbidity?? Legisla&ve?e?orts?reduce?pollu&on? ??Clean?Water?Act?(1977)? ??Illegal?to?discharge?pollu&on?without?a?permit? ??Standards?for?industrial?wastewater? ??Funded?construc&on?of?sewage?treatment?plants? ??Legisla&on?has?improved?the?situa&on.? ??Condi&ons?improve?when?ci&zens?push?governments.? ??Other?na&ons?have?also?reduced?pollu&on.? Municipal?sewer?systems? ?? Primary?treatment:?the?physical?removal?of?__________?in? __________?tanks? ?? Secondary?treatment:?water?is?______?and?_________?so? ______________?degrade?organic?pollutants? 3/2/10 9 Mt.?Pleasant:?Waste?Water?Treatment? Ar&?cial?wetlands? ??Can?________??wastewater.? ??Ager?primary?treatment;?pumped?to?a?____________? ??________?decompose?the?remaining?pollutants.? ??Cleansed?water?is?released?into?waterways?or? percolated?underground.? ??Constructed?wetlands?important?for:? ??______________?and?_____________________? ??More?than?________?ar&?cially?constructed?or? restored?wetlands?exist?in?the?U.S.? Greenhouse?Wastewater?Treatment? Bear?River,?Nova?Sco&a? ?? Uses??SOLAR?AQUATICS?technology? ?? 12?solar?tanks?(1.5?metres?high?by?1.8?metres?diameter)?contain?mini?ecosystems? ?? specially?selected?algae,?zooplankton,?phytoplankton,?snails,??sh?and?plants?that?feed? on?the?organic?compounds?in?the?water? ?? Water?is?aerated?to?help?accelerate?the?consump&on?of?organic?material? ?? Finally,?the?e?uent?is?UV?disinfected?and?gravity?fed?into?the?Bear?River? ?? Meets?standards? David Zanatta Lecture #15_outline.ppt
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About this note
By: Jelina Hesselink
Textbook:
Essential Environment: The Science Behind the Stories (3rd Edition)
Created: 2010-03-08
File Size: 9 page(s)
Views: 13
Textbook:
Essential Environment: The Science Behind the Stories (3rd Edition)Created: 2010-03-08
File Size: 9 page(s)
Views: 13
About StudyBlue
STUDYBLUE makes things that make you better at school.
Things like online flashcards with photos and audio.
Things like personalized quizzes and friendly reminders about when (and what) to study next.
Think of it as a digital backpack™: access to all of your study materials online and on your phone.
STUDYBLUE exists to make studying efficient and effective for every student, for free. Join us.
“I have been getting MUCH better grades on all my tests for school. Flash cards, notes, and quizzes are great on here. Thanks!”
Kathy
Kathy