Svant 2nd Law Arhennius Entropy 1890's delta Q lose some in the process bubble engine submerged bubbles impinge inverted on cups on waterwheel waterwheel that causes wheel to move drives air pump as well low-grade energy sources, low-efficiency column of water engine efficiency is high entropy - energy is changed from one form to another lose some in the process solar -> geo -> plant -> animals -> humans water to increase plant yield animals to help plow fields as plant life goes up, animals go up, and humans go up Odum -> mid 20th century cities today constitute heat ion population, human activity internal combustion engines appears as wasted heat -> city big dumping of heat back into the atmosphere green roof -> flat roof -> layer of sod book -> Why Large Fierce Animals are Rare Lindemann grad student measuring energy budget of a small lake in Wisconsin quantifying biology with numbers 40' identified the automobile as the cause of the smog in L.A. Arhennius Greenhouse effect Fourier - balloonist take messy periodic functions and breake them down into small functions -> balloonist who noticed temp went down as balloon went up Arhennius - said we could post pone ice age geologists saying we're going to run out of coal and we're going to have a heat death or an ice age pump enough CO2 gas into atmosphere and have human control of the climate blonde-hair blue-eyed people were at the top of the pyramid -> in favor of Eugenics -> did not get put too much into practice got mixed up into some of the implicit racism and therefore his theories got quashed. the 1980's seen as the turning point evolution -> geology Darwin -> Beagle 1831 - 1836 Scottish - first source of coal James Hutton analyzed energy button of the earth no vestige of a beginning and no prospect of an end Playfair ->Lyell -> principles of geology concluded -> maybe as the earth changes William Smith commercial geologist noticed layers in the earth and noticed that the closer the layers are to the top the closer the fossils are to the current things
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