Microevol continued classification clinal classification ? variation in frequency of trait over geographical space ? units = clines (line connecting groups with same frequency of trait) ? shows how variation distributed ? help identify cause of variation populatin classification ? best way because involves all three types of criteria for human variation ? marriage/mating systems; units = breeding population ? look @ gene pool and find out what is causing frequencies and compare other gene pools Macroevolution: evol over long period of time; outcome: formation of new species anagenesis ? build up of gradual changes overtime so species A becomes species B; this point is arbritrary; needs gene flow b/c everything must evolve on same level cladogenesis: ? branching; original species continues to exist and offshoot becomes isolated creating a different species and shuts down homogenization ? gene pool becomes less similar and overtime become different ? there is net gain in species ? allopatric speiation-geograph/envrionmental separation that causes a subgroup to be cut off from the larger group
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