Lecture Outline

StudyBlue printing of Lecture Outline html, body, div, span, applet, object, iframe, h1, h2, h3, h4, h5, h6, p, blockquote, pre, a, abbr, acronym, address, big, cite, code, del, dfn, em, font, img, ins, kbd, q, s, samp, small, strike, strong, sub, sup, tt, var, b, u, i, center, fieldset, form, label, legend, table, caption, tbody, tfoot, thead, tr, th, td { margin: 0; padding: 0; border: 0; outline: 0; font-size: 100%; background: transparent; } body { line-height: 1; } blockquote, q { quotes: none; } blockquote:before, blockquote:after, q:before, q:after { content: ''; content: none; } /* remember to define focus styles! */ :focus { outline: 0; } /* remember to highlight inserts somehow! */ ins { text-decoration: none; } del { text-decoration: line-through; } /* tables still need 'cellspacing="0"' in the markup */ table { border-collapse: collapse; border-spacing: 0; } /* end RESET */ .header { min-width:800px; } .logo { padding:6px 20px 2px 20px; margin:0; font-size:25px; font-weight:bold; color:#808285; position:relative; border-bottom: 1px solid #c5c5c5; } .logo-blue { color:#70adc4; } .logo-desc { font-weight:normal; font-size:19px; color:#cccccc; margin-top:50px; position:absolute; display: none; } .back-button { position:absolute; top:20px; right:20px; font-size:13px; line-height:25px; color:rgb(0,175,225); font-weight:normal; } .back-button a { color:rgb(0,175,225); } .instructions { padding:0; margin:0; width:100%; position:relative; color:rgb(100,100,100); } .step-holder { border-left:1px solid #ededed; margin-left:20px; } .steps { padding:15px 0; float:left; width:24%; border-right:1px solid #ededed; text-align:center; } .steps-01 { } .steps-02 { } .steps-03 { } .steps-04 { } .label { padding:5px 10px; } .print-button { } .print-button a { background-color:rgb(0,175,225); color:white; line-height: 19px; padding:9px 8px 5px 30px; font-size:14px; text-decoration:none; background-image: url(images/printer.png); background-repeat: no-repeat; background-position: 7px 50%; -moz-border-radius: 5px; -webkit-border-radius: 5px; } .print-button a:hover { background-color:black; } .theNote .content { width: 8.0in !important; margin: 5px auto; padding:20px; background-color:white; } .theNote .header { border-bottom: 1px dashed #C8C8C8; font-size: 17px; padding: 0 0 10px; line-height: 19px; color: #00ADE1; min-width:500px; } .theNote .body { font-size: 14px; line-height: 19px; padding: 10px 0; } .theNote{ padding:6px 0; clear:both; background-color: rgb(200,200,200); } .theNote h3{ color: rgb(100,100,100); } .theNote h1, .theNote h3{ background-color:white; padding:2px 20px; width:8.0in !important; margin: 0 auto; font-size: 15px; } .theNote h1{ padding-top: 10px; font-size: 15px; } .theNote h1:first-child{ font-size: 20px; } .theNote h3 { font-size: 14px; font-weight: normal; } #options { border: 3px double #ccc; padding: 5px 12px; margin: 10px 50px 10px 20px; float: left; } #info { border-top: 1px solid #ccc; padding-top: 5px; font-style: italic; } li { margin: 5px 10px 5px 25px; } ul li { list-style: disc; } ol li { list-style: decimal; } img { border: 0; } table { clear: both; width: 100%; border: 1px solid #c5c5c5; border-width: 1px 0; margin: 0; page-break-after: always; } table#page { page-break-after: auto; } td { text-align: center; font-size: 12px; border-bottom: 1px dashed #c5c5c5; height: 1.75in; width: 50%; padding-left: 15px; } .leftside { border-right: 1px solid #cccccc; padding: 0 15px 0 0; } .bottom td { border-bottom: none; } .clearfix { clear:both; line-height:1px; height:1px; } img { max-width:80%; max-height:150px; margin:20px; } @media print {.header { display: none; } .content .header{ display:inherit; } table { border: 1px dashed #bbb; border-width: 1px 0; } .theNote{ background-color:white; } } http://solarcooking.org/ecocookers.htm - URL link to a webpage about unventilated cookstoves that give off pollutants in homes. Check out the table Women and Gender Equity in Development Theory and Practice Great Video Clip: http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=T-uyLeN7U40&feature=related Notes from the reading: - One risky behavior in which men have NOT indulged much in any cluture, however, is routine household cooking. - Approx. half of family meals cooked daily in the world with solid fuels(biomass and coal) expose women and the children with them to large amounts of health-damaging air pollutants. - 1.6 million deaths annually from use of poor quality fuels in simple household stoves o Primary health issues: § Adult women- pulmonary disease, lung cancer, tuberculosis (largely attributable to the HIV epidemic but results in increasing the risk of non-HIV tuberculosis infection as well~ hard to treat due to resistance to drugs) § Children- pheumonia (under 5 years of age) · Careful analysis of the National Family Health Survey in India, for example, shows not only an effect of indoor air pollution on respiratory disease in young children, but also an effect on other types of childhood mortality, such as diarrhea. · Previous observational studies in Asia, Africa, and Latin America have indicated that children living with clean fuels or vented stoves have about half the rate of serious pneumonia compared to those in households with open or pooly vented biomass stoves. o More than one of ten infants die, mostly of diarrhea and pneumonia, for which highly effective treatments exist. - Development Issues o Lack of Resources o Dilemma between efforts regarding preventative measures vs. better sanitation and improved stoves. § Cost- effectiveness · Given the intense competition for limited resources now spent on proven and cost effective measures such as vaccines and antibiotics should be shifted, for example, to better sanitation and improved stoves. · Improved stoves: reduces fuel consumption (saving time and money in fuel collection) and improve household hygene (reducing cleaning time). In addition, there are difficult-to-quantify improvements in the quality of life due to lowering the risk of burns and scalds, improving the ergonomics of cooking, and providing clean stale working surfaces. Chapter 4: “High Frequency Transmitters” and Invisible Men - Nairobi Project: Study in 1970s o Started after two outbreaks of sexually transmitted diseases happened in Manitoba, Canada. (Was known as chancroid~ rare in North Amercia) o To investigate, they chose the area of Nairobi to do further research on chancroid due to the larger population of people who had the disease. § Study of how STDs influence the transmission of HIV from person to person. o Came up with the theory that urban prostitutes were the major “reservoir” of AIDS virus in Nairoi, Kigali, and Kinshasa. Due to the migration of men from rural to urban areas for work, they have sexual relations with these prostitutes and then bought it back home to their wives. (Transferring it to their babies). § Heterosexual Men- disease vectors § Relates to past lectures · Movement of me (for work force) causes family disruption · High ratio of female to male (1 to 1) in comparison to (1- 16 in the US) · High birth rates · Raises the possibility of perinatal transmission o Main reason this system of transmission spread § Nonbiological factors · Migration of “unattached” men from rural areas to the city · The absence of economic opportunity for women who do not have husbands o Prostitutes have sex for money · Return migration of men to rural hoes § All of these are due to rapid modernization, urbanization, political upheaval, and underdeveloped economies. Main issues for women: - Prior to AIDs, there was no desire to figure out where the Prostitutes were first infected by STDs