Lecture Points Chpaters 1 and 2

Microbiology 233 with Shors at University of Wisconsin - Oshkosh

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Created: 2012-02-09
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Microbiology

study of organisms too small to be clearly seen by the naked eye

Acellular

Not living

Microorganism

bacteria, algae, protoza, archea, fungi, animal parasites} small and unicellular

Microbe

viruses and prions} not living (acellular infectous agents)

Causal agent of Lyme Disease

Can be caused by the bacterium Borrelia burgdorferi

Transmission of Lyme disease

black legged tick/deer tick

Symptoms of Lyme disease

rash/rashes, joint pain, cardiac issues, neurological, inflammation of the brain and spinal cord, cardiovascular and arthritis

Three domains of life

bacteria, archaea (these two are prokaryotes), and eukarya(some microbes)

Tree of life is based on:

the small sub unit (ssu) RNA

Key difference of eukaryotic cells from others

Membrane bound nucleus is present in Eukaryotes

Other: mitochondria

Aseptic Technique

Methods of handling microbial cultures, patient specimens, and other sources of microbes in a way that prevents infection of the handler and others who may be exposed.

Sterilization

Any process that completelu removes or destroys all viable microorganisms, including viruses, from an object or habitat. Material so treated is sterile.

RNA (ribonucleic acid)

The nucleic acid responsible for carrying out the hereditary program transmitted by an organisms DNA.

rRNA (ribosomal RNA)

A single-stranded transcript that is a copy of part of the DNA template.

mRNA (messenger RNA)

A single-stranded transcript that is a copy of the DNA template that corresponds to a gene.

tRNA (Transfer RNA)

A transcript of DNA that specializes in converting RNA language into protein language.

DNA (deoxyribonucleic acid)

The nucleic acid often referred to as the "double helix." DNA carries the master plan for an organism's heredity.

Saccharide

Scientific term for sugar. Refers to a simple carbohydrate with a sweet taste.

Robert Koch

Demonstrated that a microbe could cause disease

Koch's 4 Postulates

1. The microorganism needs to be present in all cases of the disease.

2. Isolate the microorganism from the diseased host and grow in pure culture.

3. Infection with the pure culture causes the disease in healthy host.

4. Re-isolated the same microorganism from the infected host.

Why is Lyme's disease important to Wisconsin?

Lyme's disease is important to Wisconsin because it exists in the entire state. Also to make people aware and for people to protect themselves and their pets.

Name the 4 groups of macromolecules:

Lipids

Carbohydrates

Nucleic acids

Proteins

Protein (function)

Function:Involved in movement and membrane transport, catalyzing reactions (enzymes), components of cell structure

Protein

Subunit: Amino acids (AA), 20 different naturally occuring forms

Proteins act as toxins

Protein (Primary structure)

*Sequence or order of amino acids

*Function of the protein is dependent on AA sequence or 1 structure

Protein (Secondary structure)

*Helical structure

*Alpha helix

*Pleated structure

*Beta sheet

Protein (Tertiary structure)

*Three dimensional shape of the protein creates a functional protein

Protein (Quaternary structure)

*Multiple proteins combine to form a protein complex

Carbohydrates

*Common source of structure and energy storage

*Part of the composition of nucleic acids and bacterial cell envelope

Monosaccharide

*6C sugars=hexose

*Glucose, fructose, galactose

*5C sugars=pentose

*Ribose and deoxyribose

Disaccharide

*Two monosaccharides joined

*Most common ones in nature: glucose, galactose(lactose) and table sugar

Polysaccharides

*Polymers of monosaccharides

*Examples: starch, cellulose

Nucleic Acid (NA)

*Composed of 3 units

*DNA and RNA

Central Dogma of Life

Relationship between DNA, RNA and protein

Lipids

*Contains Carbon, Hydrogen and Oxygen

*Composed of fatty acids and glycerol

*A variety of substances that are not soluble in polar substances (Insoluable in water)

Phospholipids

*Two fatty acid tails (Hydrophobi-water hating)

*Phosphate head (Hydrophillic-water loving)

About this deck

By: Rachelle Quast
Created: 2012-02-09
Size: 36 flashcards
Views: 17

About StudyBlue

“I have been getting MUCH better grades on all my tests for school. Flash cards, notes, and quizzes are great on here. Thanks!”
Kathy