Lectures till first exam.docx

9/1/09 1:49 PM Defining and Identifying Deviance The ABC?s of social Deviance Attitudinal ? not just one attitude, systematic set of beliefs. (fundamentalists, supernaturalists, Satanist, political, mental difference) Behavioral ? most common, Conditional ? 1. Appearance ? how you look, dress, tattoo, skin color, disabilities, size of sexual organs? 2. Social status ? role or position in society, education, geographic location, something you earn. Sumner? Three Categories of Norms Folkways (yellow) ? if violated, odd or strange not bad or immoral, ex. Clothing violations, standing too close to someone, eating habits, customs etiquette, manners, traditions, hygiene norms. Mores (orange) ? if violated, you are bad or immoral but not breaking a law. Racism, hate crimes, being pregnant before married, abortions, sexual orientation, religon and sex Laws (red) ? illegal. Achieved Deviant status vs. Ascribed deviant status Ascribed ? physical disabilities, race, mental disorders. Achieved ? ex-con, appearance, religon (both), drug dealer, There are many cross over?s, things that fall into both categories The three S?s of Deviance Sin ? some people view deviance as a sin, more historical view, satan infused, bad immoral, evil. Carries a bad stigma, intentionality, sin has a voluntary thing to it. More to do with choice. Sickness ? medicalization of deviance, viewed as a disease, an addiction there sick. Forgivable it?s out of their control. Compassion. Selected ? claiming voluntary choice, choose to be homeless, attitudinal deviance, criminals who steal for a living, homosexuals?, more prideful, medical pot users, self injurers, eating disorders, Three Perspectives on Defining Deviance ? where do deff. Of deviance come from? Absolutist ? religious morality, god, feel that the deffinitions of deviance are black and white, evil wrong immoral universal cross situational and cross temporal absolutely is or absolutely is not. Nature is the other absolutist perspective. Essentialist perspective, something is the essence of whatever that is simply wrong, PETA eating animals unnatural, religious fanatics ? gender change, homosexuality, Relativist ? has nothing to do with the thing itself, has to do with the perspective of other people, and is situational. Given time and place, vary with the group that is defining the deviant. Socially constructed by people who are creating the definitions, don?t say its deviant its not, relative to time and place. Social constructionist approach Social Power ? socially constructed they say who has the power to make these definition, and make them stick. People with social power construct deff to suit their own interests. Social constructionist approach. Wants to increase their own power. In class: what is deviant to US society not on the individual level. Recitation: Erikson: Boundary ? Punishment ? I shouldn?t do that. Chris Brown and Riri. Starletts w/out undies. DUI?s Cohesion, integration ? makes it hard for people to fit into a society when they are considered deviant. Amish- define themselves by lack of participation in deviant activities? such as activities. Ex.2 Hezbollah, western is deviant, so they bond together over that. Social Change ? civil rights movement: not moving to the back of the bus. Giving examples of what could be accepted Full employment ? Deviance employs millions and spends billions to keep things going, such as a prison Becker: Reaction is what make something deviant. Varies over time Varies by who commits or feels ashamed by it. Social power of victim, social power of perpetrator, differences between them. EX. Kobe Bryant Varies in consequences Hendershort Absolutist: it is in the essence of the thing, the act is evil, there is one standard for everybody. Moral order: Social stability cause by society functioning under moral boundaries, a common understanding of what is deviant and what is not. Moral Boundaries: rules that people follow that define what is and is not deviant. Moral Judgments: Internalized thoughts and judgments about themselves and others that keep people inside moral boundaries and judge how they and others adhere to moral boundaries. Moral Panic: Abortion, Gay marrige, 9/11, when people don?t understand or have solid boundaries, when people want to call attention to this thing and attempt to STABALIZE these moral boundaries. Deviance in US Society 8/27/09 1:53 PM 1 3 September 1, 2009 In class movie: The Twilight Zone: The Eye of the Beholder Sometimes social norms, vary from place to place and person to person. 8/27/09 1:53 PM 1 September 3, 2009 METHODS Official Statistics and The Career of Crime What are official statistics? Statistics: numbers Official: gathered by government officials or people getting government money in the course of doing their normal job Census, Jails or prisons, environmental protection agency, DEA, NSA, corner?s office All official statistics are anonymous Forensic scientist, hospitals - - ER - - how many admits are from drug use Helps to find trends inside drug use. Violence, shooting gun shot wounds, suicides, self inflicted injuries. Battered woman?s shelters, rape crisis centers. Uniform Crime Reports (UCR?s) Collected and published by the FBI Three sociological Categories of crime Property crimes ? vandalism, arson, destruction of property, theft/larceny, breaking and entering. Crimes Against the person ? sexual assault, assault, slander, murder, kidnapping, robbery(takes it off the person) Victimless crimes ? drugs, sex (prostitution, sexual positions?) , gambling Career of a Crime Unrecognized ? Victimless ? rarely unrecognized, Ritalin ? studying for a test, internet drugs, bought in Mexico, generally people know though, statutory rape ? has to do with age, age of the younger party and the gap between the people (4 years in most states), poker game ? legal as long as there is no money going to the house. Property crimes ? rarely un recognized, could be unrecognized when ? your not home, Identity theft. Against the person- most unrecognized, could be unrecognized when ? Date rape, rape in general is often unrecognized ? they rationalize it out, guys often don?t recognize it, money, incested ? child may not know it?s rape. Physical abuse ? tough love, discipline, strict normal child raising, rule of thumb, elderly, incarcerated, mental patients, immigrants Has to do with having the social power, to define the situation Unreported Victimless crimes ? hugely unreported, Property Crimes ? mediumly unreported, police crimes, people are also doing something wrong, don?t think that it?ll have an effect, bad publicity (stock value, ect) Against the person ? highly unreported, domestic violence, sexual assaults (shame, they new the person, love or hate/fear the person, think it might happen again, anxiety, dismal outcome, don?t want to deal with it), loose a bar fight, husband battering. Unrecorded Over recorded ? more likely to be in arrest statistics, minorities, poor, men, lower class woman, urban Under recorded ? white people, middle and upper class woman, rural. 8/27/09 1:53 PM 1 2 September 8, 2009 Survey & Field Research Methods Survey Research Questionnaire with closed ended question choices. Examples: Census, political opinion polls, marketing, consumer report, sexual behavior of Americans survey, AIDS, Kinsey report, Masters and Johnson, juvenile delinquency study, High School Survey of Drugs ? lots of high schools all over the country, Four Steps Questionnaire ? when you write a questionnaire, hypothetical deductive methodology, hypothesis testing, you build these into the survey and use results to see if true or faulse, allows you to see if they are accurate but not develop new hypothesis. You wan to make sure you have certain hypotheses built in there Example - teen hotness quiz, rates you on how you answer questions, take the responces, give numerical value and scales it. Example ? Student Drug use questions Social Status ? demographic category Gender Ethnicity Class ect. religion Media attention Friends What type of peer group Have many friends Do you have friends What type of friends are they Do they use drugs Family Structure ? traditional or not School What kind of student are you Extra curricular activities Sport What type of grades These are the types of topics you may what to build into your study through hypotheses Clump questions that might influence dependent variable. Sampling How you get the people you are giving your survey to Taking a sample population then generalizing back to your population Convience People who are easy to get. Might no totally represent the view of the class as a whole. Snowball Chain referral method, hay tell your friends Going to get a friendship group Probability None of the other biases, every sample has a noble chance of getting into the population, some form of random sampling. Stratify ? make sure it is proportional or equal. Don?t know entire population of interest you cant randomly picking then Drug dealers Thieves Obese Mode of administration Face to face Sit there are talk to you Telephone Call on telephone Self administered Take it your self, mail it in, want everyone who gets one to answer it, online submission, faxing, and in person No asking questions, standardization and control Coding and Analysis Bubble sheets, find out is hypotheses we proposed are accurate or not Strengths of survey research Potentially reach a lot of people, bredth methodology, may not go that deep in details but you can reach a lot of people Can generalize back to your desired population is the sample is good, it is representative of the desired population Can be anomalous, People lie because ? illegal, embarrased 1 3