may23
1 with 1 at The Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences
About this deck
By: Oskar Kizhner
Created: 2011-05-23
Size: 87 flashcards
Views: 3
Created: 2011-05-23
Size: 87 flashcards
Views: 3
About StudyBlue
STUDYBLUE makes things that make you better at school.
Things like online flashcards with photos and audio.
Things like personalized quizzes and friendly reminders about when (and what) to study next.
Think of it as a digital backpack™: access to all of your study materials online and on your phone.
STUDYBLUE exists to make studying efficient and effective for every student, for free. Join us.
“Simply amazing. The flash cards are smooth, there are many different types of studying tools, and there is a great search engine. I praise you on the awesomeness.”
Dennis
Dennis
Sign up (free) to study this.
What leg nerve courses around the head of the fibula and is commonly injured?
Common Fibular/Peroneal
Fibroblasts have an accumulation of ceramide trihexoside?
Fabry Disease (angiokeratomas and progressive renal insufficiency)
What vitamin is important in transamination reactions?
pyridoxine (B6)
What is the mechanism of action of nitrates?
cGMP, decreased intracellular calcium and decreased activity of myosin light chain kinase; myosin dephosphorylation
What anti-psychotic causes retinal deposits that simulate retinitis pigmentosa?
thioridazone
What anti-psychotic is associatedw tih corneal deposits?
chlorpromazine
What anti-psychotic is associated with prolonged QT?
ziprisadone
Which anti-psychotic is associated with weight gain?
olanzapine
What is the 1st area of the brain to be damaged in global cerebral ischemia?
hippocampus
What structures does the 4th branchial pouch produce?
superior parathyroids, C-Cells
What structures does the 3rd branchial pouch produce?
inferior parathyroids and the thymus
What forms most of the bones in the face?
1st 2 pharyngeal arches (neural crest)
Embryological derivative of the anterior pituitary vs posterior pituitary?
anterior = ectoderm, posterior = neuroectoderm
Diencephalon?
Thalamus and hypothalamus (derived from the prosencephalon)
Where do all components of the cardiovascular system come from?
Splanchnic lateral plate mesoderm
difference between vasculogenesis and angiogenesis?
vasculogenesis is brand new formation of blood vessesl
What germnal layer forms the respiratory epithelium?
endoderm
4 components of the diaphragm?
septum transversum, pleuroperitoneal membranes, dorsal mesentary of the esophagus (crura), lateral body wall
What is the embryological derivative of either testes or ovary?
sex cord (intermediate mesoderm)
as u move outward from the rER what is the organization of the Golgi?
cis - medial - trans
What is the difference between COP1 and COP2 (Coat Protein)?
COP1coats vesicles in the retrograde direction from the golgi to the ER; COP2 coats vesicles in the anterograde direction from the ER to the golgi
What phase of the cell cycle is where DNA synthesis occurs at?
S phase
What state (of phosphorylation) is the Rb gene active?
hypophosphorylated state (binds E2-F)
3 junctional complexes?
Zona occludens (tight junction); Zona adherens (links actin); Macula adherens (desmosome)
What secretes the basal lamina?
epithelial cells
What junctional complex prevents leakage between cells?
zona occludens
What junctional complex links actin filamants between cells?
zona adherens
Endothelial selectins are involved in what phase of extravasation?
rolling; ICAM is involved in adhesion
What type of collagen is abundant in the reticular networks of highly cellular organs such as spleen?
Type 3 (stains with silver)
What enzyme is key to the resoption activity of osteoclasts?
carbonic anhydrase
Which muscle filaments are attatched to the Z-line (actin or myosin)?
Actin
What do the A band of the sarcomere consist of?
Myosin (all of it) + overlapping actin
What does the H band consist of ?
Just Myosin
What does the I band of skeletal muscle consist of >?
just actin
During contraction, which sarcomere ban is unchanged (A, I or H)?
A band
Is troponin present in smooth muscle?
No
What are the three layers of the cerebellar cortex?
molecular, purkinje, and granular (MPG)
Which part of the nervous system (CNS or PNS) has a 1:1 ratio of myelinating cell and axon?
PNS; Scwann cells in the PNS only myelinate 1 axon
ANP is secreted by the heart in response to (increased or decreased) plasma volume?
Increased Plasma Volume
Describe MHC class 2 processing?
MHC class 2 is in the ER bound to the invariant chain; the invariant chain prevents endogenous proteins from binding and guides the MHC class 2 through to the golgi; In a vesicle the invariant chain disintegrates and CLIP is still bound to the MHC 2 molecule. HLA-DM is required to remove CLIP
Which MHC (1 or 2) is associated with CLIP and HLA-DM?
MHC class 2
Which MHC complex requires the use ot the TAP transporter?
MHC 1 (TAP transports peptides from the cytoplasm to the rER)
What enzyme activates trypsinogen?
enterokinase
What is the function of paneth cells?
secrete lysozyme, defensins '"?
What happens to the hepatic stellate cells after chronic alcoholism?
conveted to myofibroblasts > collagen > fibrosis > cirrhosis
What does the fetal adrenal cortex produce?
DHEA goes to the placenta > estrogen
What stimulates production of melatonin in the pineal gland?
darkness
What part of the follicle synthesizes androgens? What part estrogen?
theca interna = androgen; granulosa cell synthesize estradiol
What is the fetal and maternal parts of the placenta?
chorion = fetal; decidue = maternal
What hormones regulate milk synthesis and ejection, respectively?
prolactin; oxytocin
What part of the eye consists of all cones and has the highest visual acuity?
fovea
What artery runs along with the radial nerve and can be damaged in a midhumeral; fracture?
deep brachial artery
What muscle is responsible for extension of the medial 4 fingers at the MP joint?
extensor digitorum (radial nerve)
What muscles cause digital abduction and adduction?
Dorsal interossei; Palmar Interossei (DAB and PAD)
What artery supplies the superficial and deep palmar arches respectively?
Ulnar = superficial; Radial = Deep (USDR)
A person has no sensation in the web space of the dorsum of the hand. What nerve is damaged?
Radial nerve
What motion is difficult with damage to the suprascapular nerve?
initiation of arm abduction (supraspinatus)
What muscle controls thumb adduction?
adductor pollicis (ulnar nerve)
What nerve is biceps reflex?
C6
What nerve is the triceps reflex?
C7
What nerve is the cremaster reflex?
L2
What nerve is the knee jerk reflex?
L4
Which meniscus is more likely to be injured (medial or lateral)?
medial (less mobile)
3 nerves of the lower leg?
deep fibular nerve (anterior/dorsiflexor); Superficial Fibular (lateral/ everters); tibial (posterior/plantarflex)
Where do you palpate the posterior tibial pulse?
posterior to the medial malleolus
Most common ankle injury?
inversion sprain; lateral collateral ligament (anterior talofibular ligament)
Which ligament is responsible for flat feet?
plantar calcaneonavicular/spring ligament
Intramuscular injections are preferred in what quadrant of the buttocks?
superior lateral
An injection occurs at the superior medial area of the bbuttocks. What nerve is most likely to get hit?
superior gluteal (gluteus medias muscle)
Loss of sensation in the webspace between the 1st and 2nd toes is what nerve?
deep fibular nerve (L5)
What nerve damage is associated with the positive trendelburg sign (pelvis is not level when the contralateral foot is raised)?
superior gluteal nerve
What nerve damage is associated with difficulty rising from a seated position?
inferior gluteal nerve
inability to stand on toes (fibular ot tibial)?
tibial (posterior compartment)
Most common bronchi involved in aspiration when upright?
r lower lobar bronchus
Most common bronchi involved in aspiration when supine?
R superior segment of lower lobe
What is the location of the SA node?
R atrium between the crista terminalis and the opening of the SVC
What is the significance of the arcuate line in the anterior abdominal wall?
below the anterior rectus sheath is made of all 3 muscle; above the anterior is made of external and internal obliques
Anastomoses leading to esophageal varices?
left gastric to azygos veins
Anastomoses leading to caput medusae?
paraumbilical veins with the superior and inferior epigastric veins
Anastomoses leading to hemorrhoids?
Superior rectal vein with middle and inferior rectal veins
What nerve innervates the external anal sphincter?
pudendal nerve
Sole vascular supply to the to both male and female erectile tissue?
internal pudendal arteries
cremaster reflex?
stroke the thigh (femoral branch of genitofemoral and ilioingiunal) > spinal cord ; genital branch of genitofemoral > elevation of cremaster
Where do you inject a pudendal block?
near the ischial spine in the Alcock canal
What muscle is most important in maintaining fecal continence?
levator ani (puborectalis)
Function of the pampiniform plexus?
heat exchanger
what two lobes of the prostate are palpable during a digital rectal exam?
posterior and lateral lobes
About this deck
By: Oskar Kizhner
Created: 2011-05-23
Size: 87 flashcards
Views: 3
Created: 2011-05-23
Size: 87 flashcards
Views: 3
About StudyBlue
STUDYBLUE makes things that make you better at school.
Things like online flashcards with photos and audio.
Things like personalized quizzes and friendly reminders about when (and what) to study next.
Think of it as a digital backpack™: access to all of your study materials online and on your phone.
STUDYBLUE exists to make studying efficient and effective for every student, for free. Join us.
“Simply amazing. The flash cards are smooth, there are many different types of studying tools, and there is a great search engine. I praise you on the awesomeness.”
Dennis
Dennis