mgt300test3
Management 300 with Henry at University of Alabama - Tuscaloosa
About this deck
By: Ethan Thompson
Textbook:
MGMT4 (with Management CourseMate with eBook Printed Access Card)
Created: 2011-11-30
Size: 52 flashcards
Views: 33
Textbook:
MGMT4 (with Management CourseMate with eBook Printed Access Card)Created: 2011-11-30
Size: 52 flashcards
Views: 33
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Continuous reinforcement schedule
a schedule that requires a consequence to be administered following every instance of a behavior
Distributive justice
the perceived degree to which outcomes and rewards are fairly distributed or allocated
Equity theory
a theory that states that people will be motivated when they perceive that they are being treated fairly
expectancy
the perceived relationship between effort and performance
Expectancy theory
a theory that states that people will be motivated to the extent to which they believe that their efforts will lead to good performance, that good performance will be rewarded, and that they will be offered attractive rewards
extinction
reinforcement in which a positive consequence is no longer allowed to follow a previously reinforced behavior, thus weakening the behavior
Extrinsic reward
a reward that is tangible, visible to others, and given to employees contingent on the performance of specific tasks or behaviors
Fixed interval reinforcement schedule
as intermittent schedule in which consequences follow a behavior only after a fixed time has elapsed
Fixed ratio reinforcement schedule
an intermittent schedule in which consequences are delivered following a specific number of behaviors
goal
a target, objective, or result that someone tries to accomplish
Goal acceptance
the extent to which people consciously understand and agree to goals
Goal difficulty
the extent to which a goal is hard or challenging to accomplish
Goal specificity
the extent to which goals are detailed, exact, and unambiguous
Goal-setting theory
a theory that states that people will be motivated to the extent to which they accept specific, challenging goals and receive feedback that indicates their progress toward goal achievement
inputs
in equity theory, the contributions employees make to the organization
instrumentality
the perceived relationship between performance and rewards
intermittent reinforcement schedule
a schedule in which consequences are delivered after a specified or average time has elapsed or after a specified or average number of behaviors has occurred
intrinsic reward
a natural reward associated with performing a task or activity for its own sake
motivation
the set of forces that initiates, directs, and makes people persist in their efforts to accomplish a goal
needs
the physical or psychological requirements that must be met to ensure survival and well-being
Negative reinforcement
reinforcement that strengthens behavior by withholding an unpleasant consequence when employees perform a specific behavior
Outcome/input (O/I) ratio
in equity theory, an employee's perception of how the rewards received from an organization compare with the employee's contributions to that organization
outcomes
in equity theory, the rewards employees receive for their contributions to the organization
overreward
a form of inequity in which you are getting more outcomes relative to inputs than your referent
Performance feedback
information about the quality or quantity of past performance that indicates whether progress is being made toward the accomplishment of a goal
Positive reinforcement
reinforcement that strengthens behavior by following behaviors with desirable consequences
Procedural justice
the perceived fairness of the process used to make reward allocation decisions
punishment
reinforcement that weakens behavior by following behaviors with undesirable consequences
referents
in equity theory, others with whom people compare themselves to determine if they have been treated fairly
reinforcement
the process of changing behavior by changing the consequences that follow behavior
Reinforcement contingencies
cause-and-effect relationship between the performance of specific behaviors and specific consequences
Reinforcement theory
a theory that states that behavior is a function of its consequences, that behaviors followed by positive consequences will occur more frequently, and that behaviors followed by negative consequences, or not followed by positive consequences, will occur less frequently
Schedule of reinforcement
rules that specify which behaviors will be reinforced, which consequences will follow those behaviors, and the schedule by which those consequences will be delivered
underreward
a form of inequity in which you are getting fewer outcomes relative to inputs than your referent is getting
valence
the attractiveness or desirability of a reward or outcome
Variable interval reinforcement schedule
an intermittent schedule in which the time between a behavior and the following consequences varies around a specified average
Variable ratio reinforcement schedule
an intermittent schedule in which consequences are delivered following a different number of behaviors, sometimes more and sometimes less, that vary around a specified average number of behaviors
Achievement-oriented leadership
a leadership style in which the leader sets challenging goals, has high expectations of employees, and dispels confidence that employees will assume responsibility and put forth extraordinary effort
Charismatic leadership
the behavior tendencies and personal characteristics of leaders that create an exceptionally strong relationship between them and their followers
consideration
the extent to which a leader is friendly, approachable, and supportive and shows concern for employees
Contingency theory
a leadership theory that states that in order to maximize work group performance, leaders must be matched to the situation that best fits their leadership style
Directive leadership
a leadership style in which the leader lets employees know precisely what is expected of them, gives them specific guidelines for performing task, schedules work, set standards of performance, and makes sure that people follow standard rules and regulations
Ethical charismatics
charismatic leaders who provide developmental opportunities for followers, are open to positive and negative feedback, recognize others' contributions, share information, and have moral standards that emphasize the larger interests of the group, organization, or society
Initiating structure
the degree to which a leader structures the roles of followers by setting goals, giving directions, setting deadlines, and assigning tasks
Leader-member relations
the degree to which followers respect, trust, and like their leaders
leadership
the process of influencing other to achieve group or organizational goals
Leadership style
the way a leader generally behaves toward followers
Normative decision theory
a theory that suggest how leaders can determine an appropriate amount of employee participation when making decisions
Participative leadership
a leadership style in which the leader consults employees for their suggestions and inputs before making decisions
Path-goal theory
a leadership theory that states that leaders can increase subordinate satisfaction and performance by clarifying and clearing the paths to goals and by increasing the number and kinds of rewards available for goal attainment
Position power
the degree to which leaders are able to hire, fire, reward, and punish workers
Situational favorableness
the degree to which a particular situation either permits or denies a leader the chance to influence the behavior of group members
About this deck
By: Ethan Thompson
Textbook: MGMT4 (with Management CourseMate with eBook Printed Access Card)
Created: 2011-11-30
Size: 52 flashcards
Views: 33
Textbook:
MGMT4 (with Management CourseMate with eBook Printed Access Card)Created: 2011-11-30
Size: 52 flashcards
Views: 33
About StudyBlue
STUDYBLUE makes things that make you better at school.
Things like online flashcards with photos and audio.
Things like personalized quizzes and friendly reminders about when (and what) to study next.
Think of it as a digital backpack™: access to all of your study materials online and on your phone.
STUDYBLUE exists to make studying efficient and effective for every student, for free. Join us.
“Simply amazing. The flash cards are smooth, there are many different types of studying tools, and there is a great search engine. I praise you on the awesomeness.”
Dennis
Dennis