Midterm Review
Psychology 394 with Elena at Rutgers University - New Brunswick/Piscataway
About this deck
By: Cassandra Rotondo
Created: 2011-03-01
Size: 50 flashcards
Views: 101
Created: 2011-03-01
Size: 50 flashcards
Views: 101
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context
the encapsulating environments within which an individual lives
context minimization error
ignoring the importance of context in an individual's life
The Fundamental Attribution Error
the tendency of observers watching an actor to overestimate the importance of the actors individual characteristics an underestimate the importance of situational factors
first-order change
alters, replaces or re-arranges individual members of a group
second-order change
changing relationships among individuals, shared goals, rules and power relationships
microsystems
environments in which the which the person repeatedly engages in direct, personal interaction with others
organizations
made up of microsystems, and with formal structures
localities
a set of organizations
macrosystems
exercise influence through policies and decisions such as legislation, and through promoting ideologies and social norms
community psychology
concerns the relationship of individuals with communities and societies
Seven Core Values of Community Psychology
1. individual and family wellness
2. sense of community
3. respect for human diversity
4. social justice
5. citizen participation
6. collaboration and community strengths
7. empirical grounding
2. sense of community
3. respect for human diversity
4. social justice
5. citizen participation
6. collaboration and community strengths
7. empirical grounding
distributive justice
concerns the allocations of resources among group members
procedural justice
concerns process of collective decision making
fair play
Even playing field so everyone has chance to succeed
fair share
everyone has fair starting point in terms of available resources
locality-based community
based on geographical proximity
relational community
defined by interpersonal relationships
What Creates a Sense of Community?
-Membership
-Influence
-Integration and fulfillment of needs
-shared emotional connection
-Influence
-Integration and fulfillment of needs
-shared emotional connection
social capital
refers to connections among individuals -- social networks and the norms of reciprocity and trustworthiness that arise from them
distal factors
pre-disposing processes, which directly and indirectly shape stressors, resources, coping processes and outcomes.
problem-focused coping
involves addressing a problem situation directly, especially by making a plan to change the situation and following that plan
emotion-focused coping
addresses the emotions that accompany the problem rather than the stressor itself
meaning-focused coping
involves finding meaning in the stressor by reappraising it, especially if this leads to growth or learning of important lessons
program circuits
guide the standing behavior pattern
goal circuits
satisfy goals of individuals
deviation-countering circuits
involve training individuals for roles in behavior setting an correcting their behavior to improve role performance
vetoing circuits
occur when individuals are excluded from the behavior setting
intersubjectivities
beliefs, assumptions, values, and emotional experiences that are shared by setting participants
interdependence
changes in one system affect others because of relationships
cycling of resources
how resources are defined, used, created, conserved and transformed
adaptation
individuals cope with the stress or demands of the environment and environments adapt to their members
succession
patterns of interdependence, cycling of resources and adaptation change overtime
social climate
persons' perceptions of the environment and its meaning
social regularities
focus on relationships, rules, power
environmental psychology
examines the influence of physical characteristics of a setting on behavior
citizen participation
process in which individuals take part in decision making in the institutions, programs and environments that affect them
critical awareness
Understanding of how power and sociopolitical forces affect personal and community life
sense of collective efficacy
the belief that citizens acting collectively can be effective in improving community life
sense of personal participatory efficacy
belief that he or she personally has the capacity to engage effectively in citizen participation
empowerment
a process, a mechanism by which people, organizations and communities gain mastery over their affairs
power over
capacity to compel or dominate others
power to
ability of individuals or groups to pursue their own goals
power from
ability to resist the power or unwanted demands of others
integrative power
the capacity to build groups, to bind people together and inspire loyalty
on the community or macrosystem level
on the community or macrosystem level
reward power
control of valued rewards.
others will shape actions to obtain rewards
others will shape actions to obtain rewards
coercive power
capacity to punish
others will change behavior to avoid punishment
others will change behavior to avoid punishment
legitimate power
position power, based on superior position or role in an organization or relationship
expert power
based on knowledge, skill or experience of a person or group
referent power
interpersonal connection or a social identity the people share
on the microsystem level
on the microsystem level
Qualities of Empowering Organizations
-Solidarity
-Member Participation
-Diversity and collaboration
-Member Participation
-Diversity and collaboration
About this deck
By: Cassandra Rotondo
Created: 2011-03-01
Size: 50 flashcards
Views: 101
Created: 2011-03-01
Size: 50 flashcards
Views: 101
About StudyBlue
STUDYBLUE makes things that make you better at school.
Things like online flashcards with photos and audio.
Things like personalized quizzes and friendly reminders about when (and what) to study next.
Think of it as a digital backpack™: access to all of your study materials online and on your phone.
STUDYBLUE exists to make studying efficient and effective for every student, for free. Join us.
“I have used this website for three exams, and I see a huge difference in my test results.”
Naj
Naj