module 10
Geography 1200 with Vias at University of Connecticut
About this deck
By: danielle gagliardi
Textbook: The City in the Western Tradition
Created: 2010-04-29
Size: 79 flashcards
Views: 70
Textbook: The City in the Western Tradition
Created: 2010-04-29
Size: 79 flashcards
Views: 70
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What is mercantilism
the economic theory that a nations prosperity depends upon its supply of capital and that the global volume of trade is unchangeable
what lead to the development of primate cities
mercantilism
nation state, centralized planning
absolutists rule
What did europeans bring to influence new urban areas
brought western ideas
new forts towns trading posts etc
define vances model
connects the economic and urban history of a colonial country with its colonies
What links to the growth of a primate city in vances model
linked with the emergence of a colonial urban system
Who were the three New World powers and what did they establish
spain, france, and great britain
established very different types of new towns and cities
Northern Europe grew through what time periods
renaissance and reformation and expansion of trade through mercantilism
Spain took a different route than N Europe what was it
The inquisition, remained more traditional and sought converts and tribute with exploration not economic expansion
What book did spain use to start building colonial towns
the ten books on architecture by vitruvius: info on site location street planning and building
in 16th century king phillip II established what-define
the law of the indies
rules by which the spanish colonial towns were built
law of the indies created two places
across their empire and classic roman cities
what kind of pattern did spanish colonial towns have
grid pattern
Plaza Mayor
central forum surrounded by important buildings with portales or arcades
cabildo
barracks for local garrison or troops
why did spanish colonial towns have narrow streets
to provide shade in hot climates
what place replaced cusco as peruvian capital
lima, peru
where is lima peru located along
rimac river
3 characteristics of lima, peru
1. city wall for protection
2. grid pattern roughly follows river
3. large church faces the central plaza or plaza mayor
zocalo
built on top of old aztec capitol of tenochtitlan
whats a spanish town and city in america
st augustine fl- oldest continually occupied european settlement
5 characteristics of st augustine
1. still a back water and small
2. small garrison-fort
3. Grid pattern, but smaller than lima
4. not built out farming inside walls
5. has a plaza mayor with a facing church
Who names st augustine
don pedro menendez de aviles
first catholic parish in US
basilica cathedral of st augustine
The spanish built castillo de san marcos define
served as an outpost of the spanish empire and to protect the sea route for spanish ships
purchased by US
what is in the center of plaza de la constitution
a monument devoted to the spanish constitution
two monuments in st augustine
stature devoted to ponce de leon
fountain of youth discovery park
in the spanish urbanization of western Namerica define pueblos and towns purpose
most famous
centers of commerce and administration scattered throughout SW and New mexico
taos and santa fe
which town has maintained spanish architecture in all new buildings
Santa fe: plaza mayor still center of town
Define missions and where
used to secure territory against russian incursion, centers for religious conversions for native americans
built along california coast on camino real road
missions still exists along CA coasts like ____
santa barbara
Define Presidios
fortified bases established by the spanish in N.america to protect against pirates and Native americans
San francisco presidio once a _______ now ___________
Us army base
golden gate national rec. area
why was urbanization of french territory in N.america limited
Because of the on going conflict between the largely protestant urban middle class and the catholic monarchy
Why was the merchant class prevented from settling in New France
in order to impose a rural, feudal, and catholic order
Economic focus of the french in N.america was on the extraction of raw materials such as ____ ___ ___
fish lumber furs
traders in the french settlement were few in numbers and on the move over ______
large areas
as a result of the move over large areas what did they need
needed fewer settlements and settler, so set up a series of trading posts military outposts and control points
Whats the administrative capital of french north america and a major fort
quebec city
St. louis was founded as
an outpost to take advantage of trade coming downstream by the missouri river and where it met the mississippi
In new orleans there were entrepots-define
where major commodity crops of sugar and cotton were cultivated with slave labor on large plantations outside of city
two things that are still prominent in french quarter
old grid pattern
and old architecture
Fort detroit founded by _______
a strategic location controlling what
antoine de la mothe cadillac
great lakes
urban structure of fort detroit 3 traits
towns surrounded by indian settlements
small fort with houses inside along several streets
close resemblance to french bastides
define a french long lot
a farmland use pattern allowing everyone access to water
What did the english look to use their north american colonies for
as a productive agricultural economy and as a market for their products
3 types of settlers
1. entrepreneurs
2. religious refugees
3. lower level aristocracy
the british in North america was much more ________ and encouraged what
productive and the growth of an entrepreneurial urban middle class
the development of a system of true cities formed what
the foundation for the urbanization of north america
what was the economy of british north america
export oriented mercantile economy
the mercantile economy exported____
imported ____
raw materials to england (legal limits with others)
manufactured products from england (legal limits)
Most british cities in North america were ______ and served as ______
coastal port cities
entrepots and gateways to the interior
what was the focus of the cities
the warehouses clustered around the port
What led to an urban economy focused on trade in new england
less productive agriculture
better ports
Distinctions of the southern colonies 6
more productive agriculture encouraged the development of a plantation based agricultural economy
slaves
rural aristocracy
VA MD - tobacco
GA Carolinas Indigo rice and cotton
Major dominant city of british colonial period of the US city in 1740 founded with a good sheltered harbor
boston
Good of Bostons location
city built on tombolo
created lengthy waterfront for docks
Bad of bostons location
Tombolo created an irregular pattern of streets
define tombolo
offshore island connected to mainland by narrow strip of land
Why did bostons site start to hinder growth
who pulls ahead
all land consumed was for development
population stagnated
philadelphia pulls ahead by revolutionary war
How is greater boston much different today
tombolo eliminated through massive landfill projects, like back bary area
besides boston what was another major US city founded by who why different
Philadelphia
William Penn
had a real plan for growth
What was the goal to planning philadelphia
to find a proper site
survey for streets and properties
What was the set up of Philly
laid out a regular grid with park in the middle surrounded by government buildings
lots along river narrow and long to allow more access to river
Due to planning for philly what happened
thousands settlers arrive and city grows by revolutionary war philly is greater than boston
What did european nation states have by the end of the revolutionary war
primate cities with empires around the world
What kind of cities emerge by the end of the war in new areas as expansion continued
Western style cities emerge especially in America
Cities finally reached status of what
Ancient Rome but had different forms and functions
Most of the largest cities had been ______ during the colonial era
Gateway ports
3 reasons why gateway ports
1. for assembly of staple commodities for export
2. For the distribution of imported manufactured goods
3. For the civil administration of new territories
5- In early american cities what was going on internally
1. cities were compact
2. dense
3. socially mixed
4. mixed use land patterns
5. focused on the port/waterfront
What is the fourth vances mercantile model in the mercantile city
introduction of internal trade and manufacturing in the former colony
had fall line cities/ports
development of internal depot of staple collection (internal gateway cities & internal entrepots
greater degree of specialization of industry and international trade
characteristics of agriculture in the midwest - 4
1. fertile land
2. immigrant labor
3. local national markets
4. international markets
what kind economy in the south
Northeast?
plantation
NE- merchant earliest stages of industrialization using english tech. east coast merchant capital and southern cotton
What kind of transportation system before 1810
River based-threatened the economic dominance of east coast merchants because they could trade directly with the south and europe
What was the internal structure of american cities before 1830
typical city was compact, size limited because walking was dominant form of transportation
what was the geographic heart of the city and why
the port and its adjacent warehousing district
because economy of cities focused on wholesale and retail trade
what developed with growth
social segregation
social status declined with ______
height from ground and distance from city
Wealthy were where
vertical structure
noxious activities where
in center along with their servants
merchant shop on first floor
merchant family second floor etc
at edge of city
About this deck
By: danielle gagliardi
Textbook: The City in the Western Tradition
Created: 2010-04-29
Size: 79 flashcards
Views: 70
Textbook: The City in the Western Tradition
Created: 2010-04-29
Size: 79 flashcards
Views: 70
About StudyBlue
STUDYBLUE makes things that make you better at school.
Things like online flashcards with photos and audio.
Things like personalized quizzes and friendly reminders about when (and what) to study next.
Think of it as a digital backpack™: access to all of your study materials online and on your phone.
STUDYBLUE exists to make studying efficient and effective for every student, for free. Join us.
“I have used this website for three exams, and I see a huge difference in my test results.”
Naj
Naj