Modules 52 - 55

Psychology 1101 with Maas at Cornell University

About this deck

By: Jessica Mesick
Textbook:

Power Sleep : The Revolutionary Program That Prepares Your Mind for Peak Performance

Psychology, Eighth Edition, in Modules
The Frontiers of Psychological Inquiry: Psychology 101 Fall 2008
Created: 2010-12-05
Size: 36 flashcards
Views: 14

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schizophrenia

refers to the group of severe disorders whose symptoms may include disorganized and delusional thinking, inappropriate emotions and actions, and disturbed perceptions

delusion

false beliefs that often are symptoms of psychotic disorders

psychotherapy

an interaction between a trained therapist and someone who suffers from psychological difficulties or wants to achieve personal growth

eclectic approach

therapists are not locked into one form of psychotherapy, but draw on whatever combination seems best suited to a client's problems

psychoanalysis

therapy developed by Sigmund Freud; attempts to give clients self-insight by bringing into awareness and interpreting previously repressed feelings

resistance

psychoanalytic term for the blocking from consciousness of anxiety-laden memories; hesitation during free association may reflect resistance

interpretation

psychoanalytic term for analyst's helping the client to understand resistances and other aspects of behavior, so that the client may gain deeper insights

transference

psychoanalytic term for a patient's redirecting to the analyst emotions from other relationships

psychodynamic therapy

seeks to enhance patients' self-insight into their symptoms by focusing on childhood experiences and important relationship in addition to unconscious forces

insight therapies

like psychoanalysis and humanistic therapy, aim to increase the client's awareness of underlying motives and defenses

client-centered therapy

humanistic nondirective therapy developed by Carl Rogers, in which growth and self-awareness are facilitated in an environment that offers genuineness, acceptance, and empathy

active listening

nondirective technique of Rogers' client-centered therapy, in which the listener echoes, restates, and seeks clarification of, but does not interpret, clients' remarks

unconditional positive regard

refers to the accepting, nonjudgmental attitude that is the basis of client-centered therapy

behavior therapy

therapy that applies learning principles to the elimination of problem behaviors

counterconditiong

category of behavior therapy in which new responses are classically conditioned to stimuli that trigger unwanted behaviors

exposure therapies

treat anxiety by exposing people to things they normally fear and avoid; among these therapies are systematic desensitization and virtual reality exposure therapy

systematic desensitization

a type of exposure therapy in which a state of relaxation is classically conditioned to a hierarchy of gradually increasing anxiety-provoking stimuli

virtual reality exposure therapy

progressively exposes people to simulations of feared situations to treat their anxiety

aversive conditioning

a form of counterconditioning in which an unpleasant state becomes associated with an unwanted behavior

token economy

operant conditioning procedure in which desirable behaviors are promoted in people by rewarding them with tokens, or positive reinforcers, which can be exchanged for privileges or treats. used in hospitals, schools and other institutional settings

cognitive therapy

focuses on teaching people new and more adaptive ways of thinking and acting; based on the idea that our feelings and responses to events are strongly influenced by our thinking, or cognition

cognitive-behavior therapy

integrative therapy that focuses on changing self-defeating thinking (cognitive therapy) and unwanted behaviors (behavior therapy)

family therapy

views problem behavior as influenced by, or directed at, other members of the client's family; focuses on relationships and problems among the various members of the family

regression toward the mean

tendency for unusual events (or emotions) to return toward their average state

meta-analysis

a procedure for statistically combining the results of many different research studies

evidence-based practice

clinical decision making that integrates the best available research with clinical expertise and patient characteristics and preferences

biomedical therapy

use f prescribed medications or medical procedures that act on a patient's nervous system to treat psychological disorders

psychopharmacology

study of the effects of drugs on mind and behavior

antipsychotic drugs

used to treat schizophrenia and other severe thought disorders

tardive dyskinesia

involuntary movement of the muscles of the face, tongue, and limbs that sometimes accompanies the long-term use of certain antipsychotic drugs

antianxiety drugs

help control anxiety and agitation by depressing activity in the central nervous system

antidepressant drugs

treat depression by altering the availability of various neurotransmitters; increasingly prescribed for anxiety

electroconvulsive therapy (ECT)

a biomedical therapy often used to treat severe depression, a brief electric shock is passed through the brain

repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation (rTMS)

delivery of repeated pulses of magnetic energy to stimulate or suppress brain activity

psychosurgery

biomedical therapy that attempts to change behavior by removing or destroying brain tissue; since drug therapy became widely available in the 1950s, psychosurgery has been infrequently used

lobotomy

a form of psychosurgery in which the nerves linking the emotion centers of the brain to the frontal lobes are severed