Chapter 6 Other Musical Instruments The Voice A musical instrument when used for singing Sounds are produced when Air goes through the larynx (voice box) and Vocal cords are activated The Voice Choral groups with men and women are usually divided into four groups Soprano ? the higher women?s voices Alto ? the lower women?s voices Tenor ? the higher men?s voices Bass ? the lower men?s voices Rutter?s ?Open Thou Mine Eyes? Associated with English/Anglican church music tradition marked by a refined quality and accurate pitch soprano and alto parts are sung by boys? The Wind Band Consists of only wind and percussion instruments Includes several instruments not usually found in orchestras: saxophones, baritone horns, and sousaphones instead of tubas Keyboard Instruments Piano When its keys are depressed, they activate felt-tipped hammers that strike the strings One of the pedals makes the sounds softer; the others allow strings to ring Keyboard Instruments Harpsichord Produces sound when a key activates a mechanism that plucks the string Some have two keyboards (manuals) Keyboard Instruments Pipe Organ Operates from keyboards, but produces sound by air being blown through pipes Often has thousands of pipes that produce a variety of timbres and pitches Has a pedalboard in addition to several keyboards Folk Instruments Are classified into four basic types 1. Aerophones ? played by blowing Simple flutes, animal horns, and reed instruments Folk Instruments 2. Ideophones ? played by striking or shaking metal or wood Bells, xylophones, gongs Folk Instruments 3. Membranophones ? drums covered with animal skin (or today with plastic) Drums with bodies of wood, clay, or metal Played with sticks or hands and fingers Folk Instruments 4. Chordophones ? produce sound by vibrating strings Harps, guitars, and bowed strings Electronic Instruments Some basically amplify sounds ? electric guitars, electric drums, and electronic keyboards Electronic Instruments Some synthesize sounds Analog electronic instruments alter a steady stream of power to reproduce changes in the music Digital electronic instruments process discrete bits of data Summary The Voice Rutter?s ?Open Thou Mine Eyes? The Wind Band Keyboard Instruments Folk Instruments Electronic Instruments
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