NCLEX Drugs

(Antigout)

Use: acute gout

toxicity: N/V

(Biphosphonate)

Use: osteoporosis

Teaching: sit upright for 30 min. after to prevent irritation

SE: trouble swallowing, chest pain, severe or worsening heartburn

(Ovulation stimulant)

Use: increase fertility

(Adrenergic)

Action: anti sinus

Toxicity: insomnia, hyperactivity

(Adrenergic blocker)

Use: Relieve s/s of benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH)

SE: sudden drop in BP

Teaching: do not drive or participate in hazardous tasks for the first 12 hours after the first dose, do not take with Coumadin or Cimetidine

(Alcohol Deterrent)

Do not take with alcohol or cough syrup

must be off for two weeks before using alcohol

(Antipyretic, antiplatelet, anti-inflammatory, analgesic)

Avoid citrus foods, check bleeding & ears, do not give to kids

(antipyretic, analgesic)

do not give in liver disease

no anti-inflammatory properties

Tylenol 1= 325 mg tylenol & 8 mg codeine

Tylenol 2= 325 mg tylenol & 15 mg codeine

Tylenol 3= 325 mg tylenol & 30 mg codeine

Tylenol 4= 325 mg tylenol & 60 mg codeine

(Antacids)

Aluminum base: SE- constipation & binds phos

Magnesium base: SE- diarrhea

give 30 min after meal, prevents absorption of other meds

(antianginal, vasodilator)

Use: angina

Watch for hypertension

(antianxiety, anticonvulsant)

Dose: 5-10 mg

check for s/s of overdose

(antibiotic, cephalosporines)

Use: Thrush in babies, yeast infections in females

give yogurt to prevent vaginial problems

check for allergies to PCN

(Antibiotic)

not absorbed by gut

Use: sterilize gut by decreasing E Coli leading to decreased ammonia level which improves LOC

(Antibiotic)

Avoid milk products

do not take during pregnancy

(Antibiotic- aminoglycoside)

Oto & nephrotoxic (c/o ringing in ears and vertigo, check I&O & serum creatinine)

do not give in chronic renal failure

(antibiotic- aminoglycoside)

check ear and renal function

(antibiotic- erythromycins)

Use: Helicobacter pylori, gastric ulcer

(antibiotic- erythromycins)

Use: URI

Monitor: PT & INR when on Coumadin

DO NOT TAKE WITH ANTACIDS

super antibiotic- works in 2-3 days

(antibiotic- sulfa)

avoid vitamin c and sun

increase fluids

(anticoagulant)

antidote: vitamin K

PT level 1.5-2.5 (<1.5 = normal, >2.5= hemorrhage)

Do not give large amounts of ginkgo, salad, or garlic

(anticoagulant)

antidote: protamine sulfate

PTT 1.5-2.5 X normal (PTT < 45 no anticoagulation, PTT> 75= hemorrhage)

Look for bruises &/or brown/red urine

(anticonvulsant)

toxicity: gingival hyperplasia

therapeutic level: 10-20

mouth care

low level: seizures

high level: ataxia

monitor renal function

do not take while pregnant

(anticonvulsant)

use: prevent seizures & decrease pain in neuropathy

(anticonvulsant)

Use: seizures and nerve pain (slows nerver conduction in trigeminal neuralgia)*know it is working bc patient gains weight bc they eat bc it doesn't hurt to

Check CBC (bone marrow suppression: anemia, risk for infection, bleeding

(Anticonvulsant)

Use: migraine HA, seizure, neuropathy

Teahcing:  increase fluids to avoid kidney stones, no driving until effects known, decreases effectiveness of birth control meds

(SSRI antidepressant)

Use: anxiety

teaching: no driving until used to effects

(SSRI antidepressant)

problems with sleep so give in AM

requires 6 weeks to start working

*teach other stress reduction techniques in the meanwhile

(tricyclic antidepressant)

(tricyclic antidepressant)

2 weeks for meds to take effect

SE: hypotension, dry mouth, constipation

give diet high in fiber

give med in PM

(oral antidiabetic)

use: type 2 DM

check liver studies

SE: ovulation in non-ovulating women

(antidysrhythmic)

drug of choice for ventricular dysrhythmias

(antidysrhythmic)

watch for QRS ectopic ventricular beats

(antiemetic)

decrease n/v (esp in chemo)

(antiemetic)

Action: slows emptying of stomach

take before meals

(antifungal)

check creatinine & uo

(antiglaucoma, diuretic)

use: glaucoma-- decreases aqueous humor

(antihypertensive)

decrease BP

watch for s/s of hypotension

(Ca Channel Blocker)

use: CAD and BP control

(ACE inhibitor)

Administration: prick and squeeze

decrease BP, increase blood to myocardium, decrease pain

SE: Peripheral edema

(beta blocker)

use: angina & high BP

increases oxygen to myocardium

SE: Hypertension

(ACE inhibitor)

use: decrease BP

monitor for hypotension

(Beta blocker)

decrease BP and angina

do not give to diabetics (masks low blood sugar)

do not give to asthma patients ( causes bronchospasms)

(Anti-inflammatory)

use: treatment of ulcerative colitis

(Antilipenic)

SE: decrease absorption of vit A, D, E, & K

may see increased bruising

diet: increase A, D, E, & K foods

(antilipidemics)

Do not take  when pregnant or nursing

check liver studies

take with or without food

use: decrease cholesterol

(antiparkinson)

SE: nystagmus & hypotension

Use: decrease tremors & improve gait

use TED hose and avoid B6 vit

(antiplatelet)

no not use garlic or Coumadin

do not take together or with ASA

(antiprotozoal)

Pentamidine treats PCP IV, IM & inhaled

check for hypotension, kidney function, & temp

(antipsychotic)

lasts many weeks after DC

(antipsychotic)

check orthostatics

(antipsychotic)

use sunscreen

use: psychotic disorders , anxiety, schizo

SE: tardive dyskinesia

(antipsychotic)

monitor: blood sugar, temp and liver enzymes

do not give to kids

SE: neuroleptic malignant syndrome

avoid over heating

(antipsychotic- antimanic)

HYDRATE

therapeutic level: 0.6-1.2 mEq/L

toxicity: dehydration, n/v

do not give with lasix

watch for patient with stomach ache and not drinking

(antipsychotic)

spf 75

bone marrow suppression- check WBC

can give up to 100 mg per day

SE:

Teaching:

watch for tardive dyskinesia & infection

(antipsychotic-- neuroleptic)

check lab & agranulocytosis

watch for infection

(antiretroviral)

use: AIDS

give to pregnant women only after 14th week of pregnancy

monitor CBC

(antiretroviral)

treat HIV

(antiplasmatic)

used in multiple sclerosis

SE: muscle rigidity or weakness, dyspnea, high fever, hypo/hypertension

frequent blood tests

use: hyperthyroid conditions (graves disease)

outcome: normal vitals

Action: blocks TSH, T3, & T4

(antiviral)

use: herpes

toxic to kidneys

(antiviral, antiparkinsonian)

use: viral flu & decrease s/s of parkinsons

(biologic modifier)

improves immune system

patient may have less infections

(Bone reabsorption inhibitor)

SE: pain, redness, swelling in legs hands or feet, uterine bleeding, breast abnormalities

(bone reabsorption inhibitors)

use: osteoporosis in post menopausal women

teaching: remain sitting upright 30 min after taking

SE: trouble swallowing, chest pain, severe or worsening heartburn

(bronchodilator)

use: prevent asthma attacks & prophylaxis

(bronchodilator, spasmolytic)

Therapeutic level: 10-20 ng/L

avoid coffee tea chocolate and cola

give with care to patients with heart disease

toxicity: adult- tachycardia child-nervousness

(cardiac glycoside- antidysrhythmic)

Therapeutic level: .5-2.0 (low= SOB, dec UO, edema... high=toxicity, n/v, yellow  green vision, bradycardia, anorexia)

free med causes tox (low serum protein)

NEVER GIVE IF  K<3.5

(cerebral stimulant)

use: ADD to dec activity

will increase activity in elderly

check CBC

***ADD meds decrease appetite

(chemo agent)

SE: N/V, decreased bone marrow function

(cholinergic stimulant)

use: prevent aspiration in myasthenia gravis

(Coronary vasodilator, antianginal)

Keep drug away from heat, in dark place

take before stress

expect HA

(digestant, pancreatic enzyme)

take every time patient eats

Use: pancreatitis, cystic fibrosis

(diuretic)

level: .6-1.2

use foods high in potassium

check K and monitor EKG last six hours

schedule activities for 6 hours after med taken

works:decreases circulating volume

low specific gravity

do not give with bumex, ICP, Glaucoma

(diuretic)

use: ICP and glaucoma

outcome: LOC will improve, VS normalize

do not give to patients with glaucoma

use: dry secretions before surgery

(Electrolyte)

I&0, serum creatinine,& pulse (if IV runs too fast)

(Electrolyte, anticonvulsant, laxative)

Give IV to prevent seizures in pregnant women & in alcohol WD

PO for laxative

Toxicity: dec reflexes, output, and resp

Antidote: Ca Gluconate

(Emetic)

Pt must be awake

do not give with milk or carbonated beverages

(Erectile agent, impotence agent)

do not take with nitrates (hypotension)

SE: HA, feeling flushed, GI, seeing blue, trouble differentiating blue and green, light sensitivity, blurred vision, prolonged erection > 4 hours

(erectile agent)

SE: HA, flushing, dizziness, insomnia, MI, CV collapse, prolonged erection >4 hours

do not take with beta blockers or nitrates

(H2 histamine antagonist receptor blocker)

use: ulcers

Take with or without foods

(H2 histamine antagonist receptor blocker)

give before or with food

action: dec HCL

(Hemantinic)

take with vit c  to inc absorption

se: may cause false + blood in stool

(herb)

use: prevent CVA, anticoagulant

do not take with coumadin

(Herb)

use: increase memory, for alzheimers, anticoagulant

Use: depression

do not take with other antidepressants or tyramine foods

(hormone)

use: stimulate bone marrow to make RBC

outcome: patient has decreased SOB and better color

(Insulin)

take at same time every day

with or without food

24 hour insulin

do not mix with other insulins

(Laxative, ammonia detox)

Desired effect: dec ammonia leading to inc LOC

If increased ammonia level, give prn dose of lactulose.

Laxative for Cirrhosis

(MAOI)

use: depression

watch: aged food

(Isotretinoin)

use: acne

patient will have red peeling face for 2 weeks after treatment

SE: depression, psychosis, decreased wrinkles

(Nonopioid analgesic)

use: dec s/s of UTI

D/C when s/s are gone

(NSAID)

Max dose: 2400 mg/ 24 hours

(watch for test Q asking 600 mg q 4 hours-- this is above max dose)

(NSAID)

Do not give with ASA

check for bleeding

2 weeks for pain relief

(opiate analgesic)

SE: constipation

monitor bm's

only med for head injuries

Diet: high fiber

(opiate analgesic)

25-100 mg

(opiate analgesic)

drug ending in "t" = tylenol base, "n" = ASA

stomach problem: tylenol

liver prob: aspirin

(opiate analgesic)

check BP & resp

2-10 mg

do not give with kidney stones, gall stones, inc ICP, Myasthenia Gravis, pancreatitis

(ovulation suppressant)

treat endometriosis

(oxytocic)

use: inc vasoconstriction

check BP

Expect that the uterus will be hard and there will be pain or cramps

(parathyroid agent)

use: osteoporosis

teaching: call DR for allergic reaction or nasal irritation from nasal spray

(pituitary hormone)

use: DI

Action: dec urinary output

specific gravity <1.010= not enough med, >1.025= too much med

do not give with lasix

measure specific gravity

(potassium removing resin)

takes 6-8 hours to work

(potassium sparing diuretic)

do not give with renal failure

check output

(Protectant, antiulcer)

give on empty stomach, one hour before food

(Proton pump inhibitor)

use: GERD

SE: Watch for loose skin

(Reversible cholinesterase inhibitor)

Alzheimers

take at HS

(Smooth muscle relaxer)

use: asthma & premature labor

if labor does not stop, do not double up. go to ER.

(steroid)

use: hasens fetal lung maturity

SE: inc blood sugar, so check moms blood sugar

req 24 hours to work(do not give during delivery)

take on full stomach

avoid live viruses (OPV and varicella) & infections

check Blood sugar

inc dose with stress

D/C slowly

(Smoking cessation)

use: stop smoking

Teaching: SE n/v, sleep disturbance, constipation, gas, depressed mood, suicidal thoughts

(sugar)

use: inc glucose levels in emergency

(TB meds)

ok to take while preggers

(thrombolytic enzyme)

check PT & PTT

use: MI, CVA, & PE

must start within 6 hours

(thyroid hormone)

Lifelong if after thyroidectomy or for hypothyroid

teach: report signs of overdose (inc heart rate)

avoid stimulants

(vaccine)

use: protect against cervical CA, warts

SE: HA, fever, n/v, dizziness, fainting

dose: 3 injections over 6 months (2nd 2 months after 1st, 3rd 6 months after 1st)

for females 9-26 years old

do not give:pregnancy,allergy,bleeder,dec imm

(vit)

given IM to babies

do not give with coumadin

IV will cause shock

(vit)

take after food to reduce flushing

(vit)

use: given to TB pt to dec neuritis when taking INH

do not use with levodopa

(vit)

give with iron foods to help absorption