10/8/2009 1 Section 9.3 Part a ?Moments and Center of Mass Moments of Point Masses Moment about an axis: M = md M is moment m is mass d is distance System of Point Masses 11 2 2 33 11 2 2 33 x y M my my my M mx mx mx ??? ??? Definition: Center of Mass ? Location where total mass of entire system can be placed and point mass will have same moments as the system. ??,x y y x mx M my M ? ? ??,, y x M M xy mm ?? ? ?? ?? Example 1 2 3 Mass 1: 5 at (1,3) Mass 2: 4 at (1,1) Mass 3: 2 at ( 3,1) m m m ? ? ?? 5(3) 4(1) 2(1) 21 5(1) 4(1) 2( 3) 3 x M M ???? ??? ? X 54211 y m ? ???? 3 /11 0.27 21/11 1.91 (, ) (0.27,1.91) x y xy ?? ?? ? Lamina Lamina ?Model. Plane region with an area and a mass, but with no thickness (no volume). A A1110 ill d li ihFor PMA1110 we w stu y laminas with constant mass density, ./mass area? ? Centroid Centroid ? center of mass of an object if the mass density is constant. A A1110 id fFor PMA1110, centro = center o mass 10/8/2009 2 Symmetry Principle If R is a region that is symmetric about a line, l, then the centroid of R lies on l. General Region Assume f(x) ? 0 y x mx M my M ? ? ??,, y x M M xy mm ?? ? ?? ?? How are the mass and moments computed? Mass of General Region ??* ii i fx mA x? ?? ? ? ( ( ) ) b a b a mfxdx mfxdx mA ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? Moments of General Region ?? () * b yi i i ii Mmx f xxx Mxfxdx? ? ? ? ? ? ? y a ?? ?? ?? 2 1 * 2 1 () 2 b x a xi i i ii Mmy fx x fx Mfxdx? ? ? ?? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? Center of Mass of General Region () () 1 () b y a b a b xfxdx M x m f xdx xxfxdx ? ? ?? ? ? ? ? a A ?? ?? 2 2 1 () 2 () 11 () 2 b a x b a b a f xdx M y m f xdx yfxdx A ? ? ?? ? ? ? ? Example If R is the region between the x?axis and the curve, , find the coordinates of the centroid of R. 22 y ax? ? Solution: 0x ? By the Symmetry Principle ?? 211 () 2 b a yfxdx A ? ? 10/8/2009 3 Example ? continued 2 2 a A ? ? ? ? ? ? 2 22 2 22 21 2 1 a a a y axdx a d ? ? ?? ? ? ?? 4 ,0, 3 a xy ? ?? ? ?? ?? 2 3 2 2 33 33 2 1 3 1 33 4 3 a a a axx a x ax a aa aa a a ? ? ? ? ? ? ?? ?? ?? ?? ?? ?? ???? ?? ?? ? X Region Between Two Curves xfxgx y fy gy M MM M MM ?? ?? ? ? 1 b ? ???? 22 () () 11 () () 2 a b a x xfx gx A yfxgxdx A ?? ?? ?? ?? ? Try Find the centroid of the region enclosed by the curves, , and .yx? yx? Stacie Microsoft PowerPoint - Section9.3a-Moments and Centers of Mass
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