NR East 50B
Near Eastern Languages & Cultures 50b with Bakhos at University of California - Los Angeles
About this deck
By: cam smith
Created: 2011-03-14
Size: 79 flashcards
Views: 18
Created: 2011-03-14
Size: 79 flashcards
Views: 18
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Quraysh
Muhammad's tribe
Qur'an
about God - message of salvation to humanity
Hadith
sayings and anecdotes about prophets
Sira
biographies
Ahl al Kittab
Jews and Christians are referred to the "people of the book"
Ummah
transnational community of believers
Jahiliyyah
period of ignorance, polytheism
Mecca
marketplace, place of pilgrimage
Khadijah
Muhammad's wife
Sunnah
Muhammad's actions should be followed by people
Qiblah
direction of prayer for Muslims
Ramadan
1 month of fasting for Muslims
Jihad
struggle
greater = internal struggle
lesser = external struggle
Shirk
greatest sin in Islam, relating God to other gods
Sura
chapters
Fatihah
1st chapter in the Muslim book of divine revelation, the Qur'an
Tawhid
doctrine of oneness [of God]; concept of monotheism in Islam
5 Pillars of Faith
5 acts obligatory for all Muslims. SSZSH
Shahadah
"witness" - no god but God. Muhammad is God's messenger(rasul) and prophet(nabi)
Salat
"prayer" - 5 times a day facing Mecca
Zakat
"charity" - give 2.5% of accumulated wealth
Sawm
"fasting" - during 9th month of Ramadan
Hajj
"pilgrimage" - to Mecca and circle the ka'ab 7 times
Imam
"someone who is in front of you" ; model to look up to; guide
Medina
burial place of Muhammad
Hijra
migration of Islamic prophet, Muhammad and his followers to Medina in 622
Hijri Calendar
Islamic calendar. 1st year was during emigration of Muhammad from Mecca to Medina
Ayah
Muslims believe that each of the 6236 ayah's of the Qur'an are signs from God
Kufr
Qur'an uses this word to indicate people who cover up or hide realities. Those who denied Allah's favors or disbelief in Allah
Muezzin
chosen person at mosque who leads the call to prayer at Friday service and 5 daily times for prayer
Masjid
"mosque" or place of worship or sacred mosque in Mecca
Shari'an
sacred law of Islam
Caliph
head of state and title for religious ruler
Occultation
notion that Imam has disappeared, but will return to build a just society
Sufism
sufis believed that there is a spiritual journey in life to union with God
4 Righteous Caliphs
Abu, 'Umar, 'Uthman, 'Ali
Abu Bakr
1st caliph (632-634) went to Medina and believed that the Umma should stay together as a community
'Umar
2nd caliph. went to Medina and believed that the Umma should stay together as a community
'Uthman
3rd caliph. put the Qur'an together into 6 books. dies in 650, assassinated by the Egyptians
'Ali
4th caliph. Muhammad's nephew. failed to punish Uthman's assassins which generated an outrage. Fought Uthman's family in civil war. Fought with Mu‘awiyah.
Umayyad Caliphate
Mu‘awiyah fought 'Ali. Assassian kills 'Ali and Mu‘awiyah becomes caliph and starts this dynasty. He starts passing caliph from father to son.
Mu‘awiyah
fought 'Ali because he thinks he started war with Muslims.
'Abbasid Revolution
Persian convert sees time is dissatisfaction with Umayyad Caliphate and time to over throw. 1st major military-political upheaval in Muslim word.
'Abbasid Dynasty
Abu Abbas; keeps process of passing down to son. Mongols come in and kill
Shi'ism
if caliphate goes to Yazid then caliphate is no longer the Imam. Idea that caliphate should have gone to Ali in the 1st place.
610
Muhammad's life changing experience at Mnt. with angel Gabrielle at age 40
622
Muhammad's emigrants to Medina with his followers
632
Muhammad dies in Medina
1054
Great Schism
Great Schism
formally divided medieval Christianity into Eastern/Western branches
Monasticism
religious way of life characterized by the practice of renouncing worldly pursuits to fully devote one's self to spiritual work (monks, nuns)
St. Anthony
father of monasticism
Filioque
"and from the son" added to Catholic Church's Nicene Creed
Eastern Orthodoxy
One of 3 branches of Christian governed by bishops or patriarchs
Roman Catholicism
largest Christian church, led by the Pope. Spreads gospel of Jesus and 7 sacraments
Protestant Reformation
European Christian reform movement that established Protestantism. Led by Martin Luther who protested against catholic church's doctrines and rituals
Catholic Counter Reformation
response to Protestant reformation to fix problems within the church
Council of Trent
1545. convinced the council to address problems within the church
Martin Luther
initiated Protestant Reformation because he did not believe that freedom from God's punishment of sin could be purchased with money. nailed 95 theses on the church
95 Theses
nailed to church by Martin Luther. primary event for Protestant Reformation
7 Sacraments
Baptism
Eucharist
Reconciliation
Confirmation
Marriage
Holy Orders
Anointing of the Sick
Baptism
rite of initiation. meant to cleanse original sin
Eucharist
holy communion. presence of Jesus in the bread and wine
Reconciliation
penance. one goes to priest to tell their sins
Confirmation
receive the Holy Spirit and become a member of the community
Marriage
love between 2 people is a sign of God's love
Holy Orders
man becomes priest, takes vows of celibacy
Anointing of the Sick
last rite. given to someone when that about to die
Eucharist
Christian ceremony commemorating the Last Super, in which the bread and wine are consecrated and consumed
Papal Infallibility
Roman Catholic Church theology that by action of the Holy Spirit, the Pope is preserved from possibility of error
Immaculate Conception
Mary was born with out sin
Sola Scripture
doctrine that the Bible contains all knowledge necessary for salvation and holiness
Sola Fide
doctrine of justification "by faith alone" asserts God's pardon for guilty sinners through his son, Jesus.
Indulgences
Catholic theology, full or partial remission for sins which have already been forgive. granted after sinner has confession.
Denomination
subgroup within a religion under a common name, tradition and identity
1545
Council of Trent
1517
95 Theses
750
Umayyad rule end, Abbasid rule starts
1258
Mongols end Abbasid Rule
About this deck
By: cam smith
Created: 2011-03-14
Size: 79 flashcards
Views: 18
Created: 2011-03-14
Size: 79 flashcards
Views: 18
About StudyBlue
STUDYBLUE makes things that make you better at school.
Things like online flashcards with photos and audio.
Things like personalized quizzes and friendly reminders about when (and what) to study next.
Think of it as a digital backpack™: access to all of your study materials online and on your phone.
STUDYBLUE exists to make studying efficient and effective for every student, for free. Join us.
“I have used this website for three exams, and I see a huge difference in my test results.”
Naj
Naj