Nutrition Exam 2
Nutrition And Food Science 2014 with Greico at Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University
About this deck
By: Christina Norby
Created: 2011-03-29
Size: 78 flashcards
Views: 57
Created: 2011-03-29
Size: 78 flashcards
Views: 57
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Low Birth Weight
less than 2500g
Very Low Birth Weight
less than 1500g
Extremely Low Birth Weight
less than 1000g
Small for Gestational Age
weight in <10th percentile for gestational age
meconium
black tar-like poop from full term baby the first few days after birthr
Rooting Reflex
-when infants cheek is touched and infants head turns toward that cheek and opens mouth
-important for breast feeding
Suckling Reflex
tongue moves back and forth and allows infant to suck breast or bottle
Palmar Reflex
precursor to voluntary grasping
Cystic Fibrosis
-pancreatic enzymes are extremely viscous and may not reach intestine to aid in digestion
-so, protein and fat often not digested and cant be absorbed
-genetically altered chromosome 7 leads to impaired exocrine functions
gastro-esophageal reflux
-lower esophageal sphincter may not be fully functional so food goes back up into esophagus
-spits up or projectile vomits
Phenylketonuria (PKU)
-genetic syndrome
-PKU is converted to tyrosine by PH
-in PKU there is little or no PH resulting in elevated blood phenylalaline
-high levels of phenylalaline can result in cognitive problems
Energy DRI for infant
108 (80-120) kcal/kg
adult DRI is 30-35 kcal/kg
Protein DRI for 0-6 months
2.2 gm/kg
Protein DRI for 6-12 months
1.6 gm/kg
adults is 0.8 gm/kg
Energy DRI at 6 months
98 kcal/kg
Protein DRI in gm/d for 0-6 months
9.1 g/d
Protein DRI in gm/d for 7-12 months
11.0 g/d
Vitamin D DRI for infants
was 200 now 400 IU/d
Sodium AI for 0-6 months
0.12 g/d
Sodium AI for 7-12 months
0.37 g/d
Protein in Breast Milk vs. Formula
9 vs. 15 g/Liter
Nitrogen containing compounds that are protein in Breast Milk vs. Formula
75% vs. 100%
non-protein compounds in Breast Milk vs. Formula
urea, nucleotides, peptides, free amino acids vs. None
Proteins in Breast Milk
casein, whey, lactoferrin, serum albumin, secretory IgA, alpha-lactalbumin
Proteins in Formula
casein, whey
% calories from fat in Breast Milk vs. Formula
55% vs. 48-50%
Types of Fat in Breast Milk
medium chain and short chain fatty acids
Types of Fat in Formula
long chain fatty acids
Cholesterol in Breast Milk vs. Formula
Has cholesterol vs. No cholesterol
Carbohydrates in Breast Milk vs. Formula
lactose, oligosaccharides vs. lactose
Calorie needs in heart anomalies
increase by 120+ kcal/kg/d
Toddler
1-3 years old
Preschooler
3-5 years old
Energy concern for toddler/preschooler
avoid too little or too much
Protein concern for toddler/preschooler
adequate amount for growth, immune function, etc.
Iron concern for toddler/preschooler
growth and cognitive development
Zinc concern for toddler/preschooler
growth and appetite
Calcium concern for toddler/preschooler
optimal skeletal mass
Vitamin D concern for toddler/preschooler
calcium absorption and utilization
Fluoride concern for toddler/preschooler
strong teeth
Fiber concern for toddler/preschooler
regularity/laxation (should have 2-3 bowel movements per day)
Average Growth 0-6 months
30 oz/month
Average Growth 6-12 months
15 oz/month
Average Growth 12-36 months
8 oz/month
Average Growth 3-5 years
3-4 oz/month
Energy Intake for 3-8 years old
1642 kcal/d for girls; 1742 kcal/d for boys
Energy Intake for 1-2 years old
992 kcal/d for girls; 1046 kcal/d for boys
Formula for Toddler (13-36 mo) Energy
(89 * weight in kg -100) + 20
Protein DRI for 1-3 yo vs. 4-8 yo
1.1 g/kg (13 g/d) vs. 0.95 g/kg (19 g/d)
Iron DRI for 1-3 yo vs. 4-8 yo
7 mg/d vs. 10 mg/d
Zinc DRI for 1-3 yo vs. 4-8 yo
3 mg/d vs. 5 mg/d
Calcium DRI for 1-3 yo vs. 4-8 yo
500 mg/d vs. 800 mg/d
Vitamin D DRI for 1-3 yo vs. 4-8 yo
5 Ug/d for both
Fiber DRI for 1-3 yo vs. 4-8 yo
19 g/d vs. 25 g/d
Food Sources for Iron
meat (especially red), bread with fortified flour, pasta, cereal
Food Sources for Zinc
meat, beans, milk, nuts, whole grains/cereals
Food Sources for Calcium
dairy, fortified foods, dark leafy greens
Food Sources for Fiber
whole grain, nuts, seeds, legumes, fruit, vegetables
Child
5-10 years old
Preadolescent Girl
9-11 years old
Preadolescent Boy
10-12 years old
Energy DRI for 4-8 yo
1642 kcal/d for girls; 1742 kcal/d for boys
Energy DRI for 9-13 yo
2071 kcal/d for girls; 2279 kcal/d for boys
Protein DRI for 4-8 yo vs. 9-13 yo
19 g/d vs. 34 g/d
Fat DRI for children
25-35% of calories
Iron DRI for 4-8 yo vs. 9-13 yo
10 mg/d vs. 8 mg/d
Zinc DRI for 4-8 yo vs. 9-13 yo
5 mg/d vs. 8 mg/d
Calcium DRI for 4-8 yo vs. 9-13 yo
800 mg/d vs. 1300 mg/d
Fiber DRI for 4-8 yo
25 g/d
Fiber DRI for 9-13 yo
26 g/d for girls; 31 g/d for boys
infant growth 0-3 months
20-30 g/d
infant growth 3-6 months
15-21 g/d
infant growth 6-12 months
10-13 g/d
Casein : Whey ratio in breast milk vs. formula
40:60 in both
Genetic Disorder
DNA
Congenital Defect
may be due to genetics or environment
Developmental Disability
something that results from physical or cognitive disabilities
why cows milk not to be given under 1 year old
-iron deficiency anemia (GI blood loss often occurs)
-high renal solute load (protein, sodium, chloride content in cow milk is high)
-micronutrient concentration low (esp. iron, zinc, vitamin E)
About this deck
By: Christina Norby
Created: 2011-03-29
Size: 78 flashcards
Views: 57
Created: 2011-03-29
Size: 78 flashcards
Views: 57
About StudyBlue
STUDYBLUE makes things that make you better at school.
Things like online flashcards with photos and audio.
Things like personalized quizzes and friendly reminders about when (and what) to study next.
Think of it as a digital backpack™: access to all of your study materials online and on your phone.
STUDYBLUE exists to make studying efficient and effective for every student, for free. Join us.
“Simply amazing. The flash cards are smooth, there are many different types of studying tools, and there is a great search engine. I praise you on the awesomeness.”
Dennis
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