O'Neill overheads

3O?Neill, p.260-1 In a moral theory in which wants are basic, the notion of treating others as persons carries no independent weight. In Kantian terms we might say that the notion of a person doesn?t matter in a heteronomous theory. If wants or rationalized preferences are morally fundamental, consent is of derivative concern. It is only within moral theories for beings who can sometimes act independently of desires ? who are to that extent autonomous ? that the notion of consent carries independent weight. In such theories it is important that consent be possible for others, but of less concern whether what they consent to is what they want. *********************************************************************** Intimacy involves: detailed knowledge of other?s life, character, and desires having desires that incorporate or refer to other?s desires Opportunities for failing to treat others as persons made possible by intimacy: manipulation, which uses the fact that other?s desires are known paternalism, which fails to acknowledge other?s ends, even though known failure to support positively the known ends of the other *********************************************************************** Manipulation? Paternalism? A showing of proper respect for another? Giving a fat friend who hates exercise a gym membership for his birthday out of concern for his health. Giving a surprise birthday party for a party-loving friend Giving a surprise birthday party for a shy friend in an attempt to ?bring him out of his shell? Making dinner for a friend who is an adventurous eater and including oysters, which she has never tasted, in the menu thinking that she might like them Making dinner for a friend who is not an adventurous eater and including oysters in the menu in hopes of getting her to eat them and thinking that she might like them Hiding oysters in a dish so that you can tell your oyster-phobic friend that she ate them and liked them, knowing that you could never get her to try one voluntarily but believing that she will like them Hiding oysters in a dish you serve your oyster-phobic friend because you can?t think of anything else to prepare with the food you?ve got in the house Hiding oysters in a dish you serve your vegan friend because he really needs more protein in his diet than he?s managing to get Offering oysters to a friend, who to your regret has recently become a vegetarian, knowing that her desire to please you and to be polite will make her eat them