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- Organization of the Respiratory system
Organization of the Respiratory system
Physiology 335 with Lokuta at University of Wisconsin - Madison
About this deck
By: ebony mcclellan
Created: 2012-01-09
Size: 25 flashcards
Views: 7
Created: 2012-01-09
Size: 25 flashcards
Views: 7
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Function of alveoli
sites of gas exchange with the blood
Inspiration
Movement of air from the external environment through the airways into the alveoli during breathing.
Respiratory Cycle
An inspiration and an expiration.
Conducting zone( 1 of 2 airways beyond the larynx)
extends from the top of the trachea to the beginning of the respiratory bronchioles
- contains no alveoli and has no gas exchange with the blood
- contains no alveoli and has no gas exchange with the blood
Respiratory zone( 1 of 2 airways beyond the larynx)
extends from the respiratory bronchioles down
contains alveoli and is the region where gases exchange with the blood
contains alveoli and is the region where gases exchange with the blood
Functions of the Conducting Zone
Provides a low resistance pathway for air flow by changes in contraction of the smooth muscle
Provides defense by way of cilia, mucus, and macrophages
Moistens and warms the air
Phonates(vocal cords)
Provides defense by way of cilia, mucus, and macrophages
Moistens and warms the air
Phonates(vocal cords)
Cause of Cystic Fibrosis
mucous layer becomes thick and dehydrated, obstructing the airways
Results from impaired Cl- channel involved in the secretory process
Results from impaired Cl- channel involved in the secretory process
Type I alveolar cells
Flat epithelial cells that form a single cell thick air-facing surface
Type II alveolar cells
Thicker specialized cells that are dispersed between the Type I alveolar cells
Produce surfactant
Produce surfactant
Visceral Pleura
Plural surface coating the lung
Attached to the lung by connective tissue
Attached to the lung by connective tissue
Parietal Pleura
attached to and lines the interior thoracic wall and diaphragm
Ventilation
The exchange of air between the atmosphere and alveoli
Bulk flow
Movement of air from high pressure to low pressure
F= Change in P/ R
*P= (alveolar pressure- atmospheric pressure)
R=resistance
F= Change in P/ R
*P= (alveolar pressure- atmospheric pressure)
R=resistance
What happens when alveolar pressure is less than atmospheric pressure?
driving force for air flow is negative and inspiration occurs
What happens when alveolar pressure is greater than atmospheric pressure?
Driving force for air flow is positive and expiration occurs.
Boyle's Law
Volume and pressure are inversely related : P1V1=P2V2
Boyle's Law related to Expiration
The lungs act as the container effecting the alveolar pressure
During expiration, lungs decrease in volume, thereby increasing alveolar pressure
During expiration, lungs decrease in volume, thereby increasing alveolar pressure
Boyle's Law and Inspiration
Lungs increase in volume, alveolar pressure decreases
Transpulmonary pressure
The difference in pressure between the inside and the outside of the lungs
Pressure inside the lungs
air pressure inside the alveoli
Pressure outside of the lungs
pressure of the intrapleural fluid surrounding the lungs
elastic recoil
tendency of an elastic structure to oppose stretching or distortion.
pneumothorax
atmospheric air enters the intrapleural space, causing the intrapleural pressure to increase
Causes lung to collapse because the transpulmonary pressure acting to hold the lung open is eliminated.
Causes lung to collapse because the transpulmonary pressure acting to hold the lung open is eliminated.
What happens when contraction of the inspiratory muscles actively increases the thoracic dimensions?
The lungs are passively forced to enlarge
The pressure inside the alveoli decreases to less than atmospheric pressure
The pressure inside the alveoli decreases to less than atmospheric pressure
What causes bulk flow of air
Pressure difference: alveolar pressure < atmospheric pressure
Causes air to move into airways from a high atmospheric pressure to a low alveolar pressure
Air flow ceases when alv pressure equals atm pressure
Causes air to move into airways from a high atmospheric pressure to a low alveolar pressure
Air flow ceases when alv pressure equals atm pressure
About this deck
By: ebony mcclellan
Created: 2012-01-09
Size: 25 flashcards
Views: 7
Created: 2012-01-09
Size: 25 flashcards
Views: 7
About StudyBlue
STUDYBLUE makes things that make you better at school.
Things like online flashcards with photos and audio.
Things like personalized quizzes and friendly reminders about when (and what) to study next.
Think of it as a digital backpack™: access to all of your study materials online and on your phone.
STUDYBLUE exists to make studying efficient and effective for every student, for free. Join us.
“I have used this website for three exams, and I see a huge difference in my test results.”
Naj
Naj