Overview of the Neck

Anatomy 11111 with Rajala at Marquette University School of Dentistry

About this deck

By: Andrew Welles
Created: 2011-10-02
Size: 37 flashcards
Views: 91

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Anterior triangle of the neck

- anterior boarder - midline
- posterior border - sternocleoimastoid
- superior boarder - mandible

4 divisions of the anterior triangle

1 - inferior carotid (muscular)
2 - superior carotid (carotid)
3 - submental
4 - digastric

Inferior carotid (muscular) subdivision

borders - midline, SCM, omohyoid (superior belly)

Superior carotid (carotid) subdivision

borders - omohyoid (superior belly), SCM, posterior digastric

Submental subdivision

borders - midline, anterior digastric, hyoid

Digastric subdivision

borders - anterior digastric, posterior digastric, mandible

Contents of the anterior triangle

1 - infrahyoid muscles
2 - suprahyoid muscles
3 - common carotid artery
4 - internal jugular vein
5 - vagus nerve
6 - spinal accessory nerve
7 - hypoglossal nerve
8 - cervical plexus
9 - larynx
10 - thyroid gland
11 - submandibular gland

Omohyoid muscle

- 'omo' means shoulder, attaches to the hyoid and the scapula in the shoulder
- common tendon separating the two bellys (superior and inferior)

Sternohyoid muscle

attaches at the hyoid muscle and the sternum

Sternothyroid muscle

attaches at the thyroid cartilage and at the sternum

Thyrohyoid muscle

attaches to the thyroid cartilage and the hyoid bone

Infrahyoid muscle innervation

ansa cervicalis (ansi hypoglossi) - looping of cervical nerves 1, 2, 3 (C1, 2, 3)

Infrahyoid muscle action

- depress the larynx
- depress the hyoid
- depress the mandible

Posterior digastric muscle

- attached to the mastoid process and into its common tendon
- innervated by CN7 - Facial

Anterior digastric muscle

- attached to its common tendon and to the digastric fossa on the mandible
- innervated by CN5 - trigeminal

Mylohyoid muscle

- attaches to the mylohyoid line and meets at the midline where it attaches to the hyoid
- innervated by CN5 - trigeminal

Geniohyoid muscle

- attaches superiorly to the mylohyoid muscle, attaches at the genial spines and into the hyoid bone
- innervated by cerival nerve 1 - C1

Stylohyoid muscle

- attaches at the styloid process and into the hyoid bone
- innervated by CN 7 - facial nerve

Suprahyoid muscle actions

- elevate the larynx
- elevate the hyoid
- depresses the mandible

Common carotid artery

- bifurcated artery
- external carotid - facial vasculature
- internal carotid - vasculature of the brain

Internal jugular vein

venous blood going towards the heart

Vagus nerve (CN10)

- runs inbetween the carotid artery and the jugular vein, supplies the parasympathetic innervation the the thorax and abdomen

Spinal Accessory nerve (CN11)

- exits at the jugular foramen (CN 9, 10, 11 all exit here) and innervates the trapezius and the SCM

Hypoglossal nerve (CN12)

- exits at the hypoglossal canal, innervates all intrinsic and extrinsic muscles of the tongue except the palatoglossus (CN10 - vagus nerve)

Cervical plexus

composed of the spinal nerves C1, C2, C3, C4

Submandibular gland

fills the digastric triangle subdivision of the anterior triangle

Posterior triangle borders

- inferior - clavicle
- anterior - SCM
- posterior - trapezius
- floor - anterior, middle & superior scalenes, levator scapulae, splenius capitis

2 subdivisions of the posterior triangle

1 - occipital
2 - subclavian

Occipital subdivision of the posterior triangle

borders - inferior omohyoid, trapezius, SCM

Subclavian subdivision of the posterior triangle

borders - SCM, inferior omohyoid, clavicle

Contents of the Posterior triangle

1 - Spinal Accessory nerve (CN11)
2 - several cutaneous nerves
3 - several motor nerves
4 - Phrenic nerve to the diaphragm, running anlong the anterior scalene muscle
-- Cervical nerves 3,4,5 innervate the diaphragm, keep you alive

Subclavian artery

runs deep to the anterior scalene muscle, vasculates the posterior triangle

Roots of the brachial plexus

- nerve plexus - emerge from the anterior and middle scalene muscles, innervates the upper extremities

Typical Cervical vertebrae and their characteristics

C3, C4, C5, C6
- bifid processes
- transverse processes - foramen transversarium (holds vertebral artery) and anterior and posterior tubercles
- articular facets - face each other in a horizontal plane, facilitate rotation of the spine/head

C1 Vertebrae

- called the atlas
- has no body
- has no spinous process
- anterior and posterior arches with lateral mass

C2 Vertebrae

- called the axis
- dens/odontoid process - fills the space vacated by C1 body and allows rotation
- forms a pivot joint with C1 called the atlantoaxail join

C7 Vertebrae

- called vertebra prominens
- no bifid spinous process
- long and non-bifid process

About this deck

By: Andrew Welles
Created: 2011-10-02
Size: 37 flashcards
Views: 91

About StudyBlue

“Simply amazing. The flash cards are smooth, there are many different types of studying tools, and there is a great search engine. I praise you on the awesomeness.”
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