Peripheral NS Info
Nursing Pharmacology with Burnitt at Goldfarb School of Nursing
About this deck
By: Anonymous
Textbook:
Pharmacology and the Nursing Process
Created: 2011-06-08
Size: 53 flashcards
Views: 19
Textbook:
Pharmacology and the Nursing ProcessCreated: 2011-06-08
Size: 53 flashcards
Views: 19
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List the 7 regulatory functions performed by the parasympathetic NS.
1) ↓ ♥ rate
2) ↑ gastric secretion
3&4) Emptying of bladder & bowel
5) Focusing Eye for near vision
6) Constricting pupil
7) Contracting bronchial smooth muscle
2) ↑ gastric secretion
3&4) Emptying of bladder & bowel
5) Focusing Eye for near vision
6) Constricting pupil
7) Contracting bronchial smooth muscle
Drugs (therapeutic agents) that alter Parasym NS function are used primarily for their effects on the? and occasionally for effects on?
1) GI tract
2) Bladder
3) Eye
4) Heart - Occ
5) Lungs - Occ
2) Bladder
3) Eye
4) Heart - Occ
5) Lungs - Occ
What poisons act by mimicking or blocking effects of parasympathetic stimulation?
1) insecticides
2) nerve gases
3) certain mushrooms & plants
2) nerve gases
3) certain mushrooms & plants
The parasympathetic system is concerned primarily w what?
Rest & digest
(vision & conserve energy)
(vision & conserve energy)
What are the 3 main functions of the sympathetic NS?
1) Regulate cardiovascular system
2) Regulate body temp
3) Implement Fight or Flight reaction
2) Regulate body temp
3) Implement Fight or Flight reaction
By influencing the ♥ & bl vessels, the sympathetic NS achieves what 3 homeostatic objectives?
1) Maintenance of Bl flow to brain
2) Redistribution of Bl flow during exercise
3) Compensation for loss of Bl, primarily by causing constriction
2) Redistribution of Bl flow during exercise
3) Compensation for loss of Bl, primarily by causing constriction
List 3 ways the sympathetic NS helps regulate body temp.
1) Dilating surface vessels (↑ Bl flow to surface) promoting cooling of body
2) Constricting surface vessels promotes heat retention
3) Promote sweating to cool body
4) Inducing piloerection to conserve heat
2) Constricting surface vessels promotes heat retention
3) Promote sweating to cool body
4) Inducing piloerection to conserve heat
What 5 things does the sympathetic NS do in the Fight or Flight response?
1) ↑ ♥rate & BP
2) Direct Bl away from periphery to skeletal muscles
3&4) Dilate bronchi (↑ O2) & pupils (↑ visual acuity)
5) Mobilizing stored energy (glucose for Brain & fatty acids for muscles)
2) Direct Bl away from periphery to skeletal muscles
3&4) Dilate bronchi (↑ O2) & pupils (↑ visual acuity)
5) Mobilizing stored energy (glucose for Brain & fatty acids for muscles)
Many sympathetic NS drugs are used for their effects on:
1) ♥
2) Bl vessels
3) Lungs
2) Bl vessels
3) Lungs
This is the feedback loop of the autonomic NS that helps regulate BP & is impt in Pharm b/c it frequently opposes our attempts to modify BP w drugs
Baroreceptor Relfex
What are the 2 sites in the parasympathetic NS that drugs can act at?
1) synapses between pre and postganglionic neurons
2) junctions between postganglionic neurons and effector organs.
2) junctions between postganglionic neurons and effector organs.
The principal neurotransmitter released by the adrenal medulla is
Epinephrine (Epi)
All preganglionic neurons of parasympathetic NS and sympathetic NS release what neurotransmitter?
Acetylcholine (ACh)
All motor neurons to skeletal muscles release what neurotransmitter?
Acetylcholine (ACh)
All postganglionic neurons of the parasympathetic NS release what neurotransmitter?
Acetylcholine (ACh)
Most postganglionic neurons of the sympathetic NS release what neurotransmitter?
Norepinephrine (NE)
Postganglionic neurons of the sympathetic NS that innervate sweat glands release what neurotransmitter?
Acetylcholine (ACh)
These receptor types mediate responses to acetylcholine?
cholinergic receptors
Drugs that STIMULATE the parasympathetic NS are called Wet drugs. What are 4 interchangeable names for these?
- Parasympathomimetic
- Cholinergic drugs
- Cholinergic agonists
- Muscarinic drugs
What is an agonist?
A drug that stimulates receptors to produce an effect (Activator)
What system are cholinergic drugs acting on?
parasympathetic NS
What are the cholinergic receptor types and where do they act?
1) Nicotinic n - nerves
2) Nicotinic m - muscles
3) Muscarinic - organs
2) Nicotinic m - muscles
3) Muscarinic - organs
What is the location of the cholinergic receptor subtype NicotinicN and what is the response to activation?
Location: All autonomic NS ganglia and the adrenal medulla
Response to Activation: Stim of parasympathetic & sympathetic postganglionic nerves and release of Epi from adrenal medulla
Response to Activation: Stim of parasympathetic & sympathetic postganglionic nerves and release of Epi from adrenal medulla
What is the location of the cholinergic receptor subtype NicotinicM and what is the response to activation?
Location: Neuromuscular junction
Response to Activation: Contraction of skeletal muscles
Response to Activation: Contraction of skeletal muscles
What is the location of the cholinergice receptor subtype Muscarinic?
Location: All parasympathetic target organs; Eye, ♥, Lung, Bladder, GI tract, Sweat Glands, Sex organs, Bl vessels
What is the response to activation for the Muscarinic receptor at the eye?
- Contraction of ciliary muscle (focuses lens for near vision)
- Miosis (pupil constriction)
What is the response to activation for the Muscarinic receptor at the ♥?
↓ ♥ rate
What is the response to activation for the Muscarinic receptor at the lung?
- Constriction of bronchi
- ↑ bronchial secretions
What is the response to activation for the Muscarinic receptor at the bladder?
- Voiding (peeing) coordination of:
- ↑ bladder pressure (constriction of detruser)
- peeing (relaxation of trigone & sphincter)
What is the response to activation for the Muscarinic receptor at the GI tract?
- Salivation
- ↑ gastric secretions
- ↑ intestinal tone & motility
- Defication
What is the response to activation for the Muscarinic receptor at the Sweat Glands?
Generalized sweating
What is the response to activation for the Muscarinic receptor at the sex organs?
Erection
What is the response to activation for the Muscarinic receptor at the bl vessels?
Vasodilation
Receptors that mediate responses to epinephrine (adrenaline) & norepinephrine are
Adrenergic receptors
List the 4 major and 1 other adrenergic receptor subtype.
1 & 2) Alpha1 & Alpha2
3 & 4) Beta1 & Beta2
5) Dopamine
3 & 4) Beta1 & Beta2
5) Dopamine
What is the response to activation for the Alpha1 receptor at the Eye?
Mydriasis (dilation of pupil)
What is the response to activation for the Alpha1 receptor at the Arterioles of the Skin, Viscera & Mucous Membranes?
Constriction
What is the response to activation for the Alpha1 receptor at the Veins?
Constriction
What is the response to activation for the Alpha1 receptor at the Sex organs?
Ejaculation
What is the response to activation for the Alpha1 receptor at the Prostate capsule?
Contraction
What is the response to activation for the Alpha1 receptor at the Bladder?
Contraction of trigone & sphincter
What are the locations for all of the Adrenergic Alpha1 receptor subtype?
Location: Eye; Arterioles of the skin, viscera & mucous membranes; Veins; Sex organs, Prostrate capsule; Bladder
What is the location of the adrenergic receptor subtype Alpha2 and what is the response to activation?
Location: Presynaptic nerve terminals
Response to Activation: Inhibition of transmitter release
Response to Activation: Inhibition of transmitter release
What are the locations of the adrenergic receptor subtype Beta1 and what are the responses to activation?
Location: Heart
Response to Activation: ↑ rate, force of contraction & AV conduction velocity
Location: Kidney
Response to Activation: ↑ renin release (causing ↑ BP b/c of vasoconstriction)
Response to Activation: ↑ rate, force of contraction & AV conduction velocity
Location: Kidney
Response to Activation: ↑ renin release (causing ↑ BP b/c of vasoconstriction)
What is the location of the adrenergic receptor subtype Dopamine and what is the response to activation?
Location: Kidney
Response to Activation: Dilation of kidney vasculature
Response to Activation: Dilation of kidney vasculature
What are the locations for all of the Adrenergic Beta2 receptor subtype?
Location: Arterioles of the Heart, Lung & Skeletal muscle; Bronchi, Uterus, Liver, Skeletal muscle
What is the response to activation for the Beta2 receptor at the Arterioles in the Heart, Lung & Skeletal muscle?
Dilation
What is the response to activation for the Beta2 receptor at the Bronchi?
Dilation
What is the response to activation for the Beta2 receptor at the Uterus?
Relaxation
What is the response to activation for the Beta2 receptor at the Liver?
Glycogenolysis
What is the response to activation for the Beta2 receptor at the Skeletal Muscle?
- Enhanced contraction
- Glycogenolysis
What is an antagonist?
A drug that inhibits receptors to prevent a response (Blocker)
Drugs that BLOCK parasympathetic NS are called Dry drugs. What are 4 interchangeable names for these?
1) Parasympatholytic drugs
2) Anticholenergics
3) Cholinergic Antagonists
4) Antimuscarinics
2) Anticholenergics
3) Cholinergic Antagonists
4) Antimuscarinics
About this deck
By: Anonymous
Textbook: Pharmacology and the Nursing Process
Created: 2011-06-08
Size: 53 flashcards
Views: 19
Textbook:
Pharmacology and the Nursing ProcessCreated: 2011-06-08
Size: 53 flashcards
Views: 19
About StudyBlue
STUDYBLUE makes things that make you better at school.
Things like online flashcards with photos and audio.
Things like personalized quizzes and friendly reminders about when (and what) to study next.
Think of it as a digital backpack™: access to all of your study materials online and on your phone.
STUDYBLUE exists to make studying efficient and effective for every student, for free. Join us.
“I have used this website for three exams, and I see a huge difference in my test results.”
Naj
Naj