Personality Psych test 1

Psychology 120 with Ilardi at University of Kansas

About this deck

By: Laurie Schmidt
Textbook:

The Personality Puzzle: (Fourth Edition)
Created: 2011-02-20
Size: 27 flashcards
Views: 120

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What is personality?

a person's characteristic pattern of behavior, thoughts, and feelings. It is stable over time and across situations

what are the 6 major theoretical models?

Biological, Psychoanalytical, behavioral, humanistic/ existential, trait, and cognitive

Biological

how does personality arise from your brain?

-understand the mind in terms of the body

psychoanalytical

Freud, formed in early childhood

-use the unconscious mind, and the nature and resolution of internal mental conflict

behavioral

what's happening right now?

-ways people change their behavior as a result of rewards, punishments, and other experiences in life

humanistic/existential

free will-leaving science behind

-how conscious awareness can produce such uniquely human attributes as existential anxiety, creativity, and free will, and tries to understand the meaning and basis of happiness

trait

-best predictor of future behavior is past behavior.

-ways that people differer psychologically and how these differences might be conceptualized and measured.

cognitive

-newer, thoughts are primary drivers of behavior

what are the primary sources of personality data?

informant

self report

behavioral observation

life outcomes

what are some a and d of Informant

advantages: large amount of info, real-world basis, common sense, causal force

disadvantages: limited behavioral info, lack of access to private experience, bias

what are some a and d of self report

advantages: large amount of info, access to thoughts feelings and intentions, casual force, easy and simple

disadvantages: maybe they can't tell you, maybe they won't tell you, too simple and too easy

-most widely used

-self serving bias, fundamental attribution error

what are some a and d of behavioral observation

advantages: wide range of contexts, appearance of objectivity, target specific and rare situations, ink blot tests

disadvantages: uncertain interpretations, ethical problems

naturalistic

experimental

personality tests

what are some a and d of life outcomes

advantages: objective and verifiable, intrinsic importance, psychological relevance, important info psychologists want to know about

disadvantages: muli-determination, possible lack of psychological relevance, indirect source of info, misleading

why should we study personalities scientifically?

an attempt to understand the world, despite built in biases

what is a confirmation bias?

once we hold a belief, we "cherry pick" confirming evidence and ignore/distort/spin evidence to the contrary

what is cognitive dissonance

discomfort when we realize we are wrong about something. Drew Weston- parts of the brain light up with certain emotions

What is an in-group bias?

we divide the world into "in" and "out" groups.

To question our groups beliefs is to risk being sent to an "out" group

what are arguments from "authority"?

something must be true because the authority says so

who is Thales of Miletus?

-natural world is lawful, and the laws of nature are discoverable

-arguments from authority meant nothing…question everything

-objective observation and experimentation are key...

why does science serve as a corrective to our built in biases?

-don't rely on arguments from authority

-stay humble: you have beliefs that may be false

- be wary of group-think

-innovate new ways of thinking

-rely on objective evidence and replicable experiments

-science yields evolution of new ideas (mutation and natural selection)

correlation coefficient (r)

measures strength of association between two variables

-1.0 < r < 1.0

*no direct numerical interpretations of r, only r^2 (which = variability in one variable (x) accounted for by the other (Y))

*correlation does not cause causation

Biological Model

-key assumption: every thought, feeling, behavior occurs as the result of brain activity

-brain=hardware, mind=software

-your mind is what your brain does

-if the model is correct then a change in your brain causes a change in your personality.

computational theory of mind

-brain is made up of 100 billion neurons

-neuron is exquisitely designed to transmit info

-neural networks can process info

-how much? 100 trillion operations/second.

Triune Brain

reptile brain- ARAS (eysenck- intro/extroversion) and the hypothalamus (4 f's)

paleo-mammalian brain

limbic system-mediates emotion, the amygdala

neo-mammalian brain

four cortical lobes: frontal, temporal, parietal, occipital

what are the frontal cortex functions?

-inhabitation (orbitofrontal (eye), right)

-initiation (left, frontal translates thoughts to actions-monkey and banana)

-emotional regulation (sends messages from frontal to amygdala)

-logical reasoning (dorsolateral prefrontal-lose reality testing)

-empathy (ventromedial=cognitive; inferior frontal gyrus/mirror neurons=emotion)

About this deck

By: Laurie Schmidt
Textbook:

The Personality Puzzle: (Fourth Edition)
Created: 2011-02-20
Size: 27 flashcards
Views: 120

About StudyBlue

“Simply amazing. The flash cards are smooth, there are many different types of studying tools, and there is a great search engine. I praise you on the awesomeness.”
Dennis