Pharm Test 3

Nursing 3010 with Drummond/sell at East Tennessee State University

About this deck

By: Jessica Triska
Textbook:

Pharmacology for Nursing Care, 7th Edition (Book & CD-ROM)
Created: 2011-04-13
Size: 67 flashcards
Views: 11

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Citracal (calcium salts) is used as supplemental calcium. What are the signs of overdose (hypercalcemia)?

Gi problems, polyuria, cardiac dysrhythmias

What is the max dose of calcium that a px can absorb orally?

600 mg

Albuterol, a beta 2 antagonist, works by promotig what in the lungs?

Bronchodilation

What beta 2 antagonist can be used as a rescue breather (short acting)?

Albuterol (Proventil)

This beta 2 antagonist may cause tremor, tachycardia (rebound), and angina

Albuterol

This long term, fixed schedule beta 2 antagonist causes bornchodilation and suppression of histamine release in the lungs

Formoterol

This short acting anticholinergic drugs is used to promote bronchodilation but may cause dry mouth, pharynx irriation, and should not be used in px with peanut allergy

Ipratropium

This long acting anticholinergic relieves bronchospasm but may cause dry mouth, minimal systemic effects, and is more effective than its short acting counterpart, Ipratropium

Tiotropium

Are glucocorticoids used for acute treatement or prophylactic treatment of asthma?

used prophylactically for chronic asthma (fixed dosing, not PRN)

inhaled glucorcorticoids are may cause what adverse effects, especially if used improperly?

oral candidas, dysphonia

If glucocorticoids are inhaled there is less risk of what adverse side effect in children?

growth suppression

This leukotriene inhibitor dereases the need for short acting beta 2 agonists and prevents exercise induced bronchospasm and relief of allergic rhinitis

Montelukast

When should a nurse administer montelukast to her px?

In the evening (give it L-AST) :)

This leukotriene inhibitor is used for chronic asthma, not acute attacks

Cromolyn (Intal)

If you give Codiene to relieve cough, what about the px should you monitor and what drug can you have on hand to treat an overdose?

Asess for respiratory suppression and Naloxone is the antidote

Which cough suppressant acts on the CNS but does not suppress respirations and is subject to abuse if given in HIGH doses?

Dextromethorphan

What is the name of an expectorant that stimulates flow of secretions?

Guanifenesin (Mucinex)

What is the name of a mucolytic that is also used as a antidote for Tylenol?

Mucomyst

What is the name of this alpha 1 adrenergic that decongests through vasoconstriction but may cause rebound congestion, cardiovascular effects, CNS stimulation, or hemorrhagic stroke?

Phenylephrine

What are 3 1st generation drugs used as an antihistamine (takes care of itching, flushing, runny nose)?

Benadryl, Phenergan, Vistaril

Benadryl, Phnergan, and Vistaril are 1st generation histmines and may cause what adverse effects?

SEDATION, anticholinergic (dry mouth, constipation, urinary hesitancy) effects

Second generation antistamines are used mor mild allergies, motion sickness, insomnia, and the common cold. What are 3 drugs of this kind? What differentiates them from 1st generation antihistamines?

Zyrtec, allegra, and Claritin

there is no sedation compared to the first generation

Which noselective cox inhibitor causes suppression of plately aggregation but may give px gastric ulceration and bleeding, renal impairment, hypersensitivity, and at high doses may give the px salicylism (tinnitus)?

Aspirin

Ibuprofen and Naproxen differ from aspirin how?

less platelet effects and less gastric bleeding; used for arthritis, milk/moderate pain, and fever

Your second generation NSAID, celecoxib (Celebrex), acts selectively on cox 2 (no platelet effects) but should not be used with someone who has an allergy to what?

Sulfa

Tylenol should not be taken in a px what what kind of organ impairment?

LIVER!

What are symptoms of acetaminophen (tylenol) toxicity?

n/v, diarrhea, sweawting, abdominal pain

A px shows symtpoms of yawning, rhinorrhea (nosebleeds), sweating, gooseflesh, sneezing... after having morphine abruptly stopped: these are all signs of?

phsyical dependence

Do not administer this drug to a px with high temps or use of heating blankets:

Morphine

A px takes has been taking a drug for parkinsonism and is having n/v, dyskinesia, and orthostatic hypotension, as well as some psychosis and darkened sweat and urine. What drug might this patient be taking?

aldopa (Levadopa)

Levodopa should not be taken with what kind of foods?

High protein foods

Levadopa should not be taken with protein, but this anti-parkinsonism drug can:

Pramipexole

This drug is the 1st drug of choice for parkinsonism

Pramipexole

Carbidopa is combined with Levodopa for what reason?

allows more dopamine to reach brain

This drug for Alzheimers disease must be titrated up rather than starting off px with a high dose

Donepezil (Aricept)

Aricept causes some improved memory, but adverse affects include:

Diarrhea, headache, and bronchoconstriction (use caution with COPD patients)

Gingival hyperplasia and CNS depression are adverse effects of:

Phenytoin (Dilantin)

What is the theraputeic range for Dilantin?

10-20 mcg/mL of serum

Px of asian descent must watch out for this epileptic drug:

Carbamazepine (Tegretol)

Because Tegretol may cause bone marrow suppresion, what might happen to a px on this medication?

leukopneia, anemia, and thrombocytopenia

Grape fruit juice should not be used with which epileptic drug?

Carbamazepine (Tegratol)

the juice causes plasma drug levels to rise

This class of drug includes Elavil, amitriptyline, and imipramine (Trofranil) may cause orthostatic hypotension and px should have orthostatic vitals taken

Tricylcic antidepressants

What is the most concerning side effect regarding SSRIs such as Fluoxetine?

EPS (extraparamydial syndrome): tremors, anxiety

MOIs such as Marplan, Nardil, Parnate, and Emsam must NOT eat what foods?

alcohol, cheese, beer, aged meats (anything with high tyramine)

MOIs cause CNS stimulation and what other critical adverse effect? What should you teach your patient?

Orthostatic hypotension (fall risk); take at night

what kind of insulin is given IV?

Short duration rapid acting which peaks in 30 minutes

What kind of insulin can be mixed with short acting?

Only NPH (intermediate)

Cold, clammy, headache, confusion, drwosiness, fatigue, sweating, and nervousness are signs of what?

Hypoglycemia

Metformin is an oral hypoglycemic which does or does not cause weight gain?

does NOT gain weight

Metformin is an oral hypoglycemic which should be discontinued before having what kind of test?

any test that will have iodine

decreased appetite, nausea, diarrhea, and GAS are side effects of what oral hypoglycemic

Metformin (glucophage)

Glipizide is an oral hypoglycemic that should be used with caution in what kind of patients?

Liver and kidney disease

Glipizide (glucotrol) does or does not cause weight gain?

does cause weight gain

Exenatide (Byetta) is an injectable hypoglycemic abused for weight loss that slows gastric emptying. What do you need to remember about oral drugs and Byetta administration?

give oral drugs one hour before byetta

This histamine receptor antagonist decreasses gastric acid resulting in a more alkalytic pH and puts your patient at more risk for aspiration pneumonia

Cimetidine (Tagamet)

Tagament causes what kind fo serious side effects on the elderly? What adverse effect specifically affects men?

It crosses the BBB so has a CNS effect.

Gynecomastia, reduced libido, impotence

Prilosec is used for duodenal ulcers and GERD. When and for how long should you take this drug?

One hour before eating, before going to bed, and short term (4-8 weeks)

which proton pump inhibitor crosses the BBB and affects the CNS?

Omeprazole (Prilosec)

Sucralfate (Carafate is an antiulcer medication that coats the surface of the GI. What would you want to consider about administration of other drugs?

absorption of other drugs may be impeded

antacids influence the absorption of drugs and with the actions of what drug?

Sulcrafate

When giving citrucel or metamucil, what should you also give the patient in considereation of the mechanism of action of this drug?

administer with a full glass of water

Surfactant laxatives such as docusate sodium (colace) is used for cardiac px and so is considered what kind of drug?

Prophylactic

stimulant laxatives such as Biscodyle (dulcolax) are "he big guns" and is contraindicated in what situation?

fecal impaction

Zyloprim causes hypersensitivity syndrome, GI and neuro symptos, but Colchicine only causes:

THe DMARD methotraxate (rheumatrex) is a very powerful immunosuppressant that causes: what adverse effects:

bone marrow suppression, GI ulceration, pneumonitis

methotraxate should not be given to what kind of px?

It is category X so no pregnant px

What special teaching should the nurse tell a person on rheumatrex

tell px to drink fluids and stay away from sick people

About this deck

By: Jessica Triska
Textbook:

Pharmacology for Nursing Care, 7th Edition (Book & CD-ROM)
Created: 2011-04-13
Size: 67 flashcards
Views: 11

About StudyBlue

“I have been getting MUCH better grades on all my tests for school. Flash cards, notes, and quizzes are great on here. Thanks!”
Kathy