Political Science Exams 1 and 2

Political Science 1100 with Shoaf at University of Missouri- Columbia

About this deck

By: Mark Swanson
Created: 2011-12-11
Size: 131 flashcards
Views: 230

About StudyBlue

STUDYBLUE makes things that make you better at school. Things like online flashcards with photos and audio. Things like personalized quizzes and friendly reminders about when (and what) to study next. Think of it as a digital backpack™: access to all of your study materials online and on your phone. STUDYBLUE exists to make studying efficient and effective for every student, for free. Join us.

“I have used this website for three exams, and I see a huge difference in my test results.”
Naj

Sign up (free) to study this.

Power is defined in your text as

b) the ability to get other people to do what you want

Individuals born in the US are American citizens, even if their parents are not, following the principle of

b) just soli

The broad pattern of ideas, beliefs, and values about citizens and government held by a population is its

a) Political culture

A set of beliefs about politics, the economy, and society that helps people make sense of their world is called

b) an ideology

Those who believe that government should be strictly limited in all areas of life are called

a) Libertarians

Which of the following reflects the type of economic system found in the United States

e) regulated capitalism, in which business has substantial freedom from government interference...

Many european countries follow the theory of ____, which is a hybrid system combining capitalist economy and government that supports equality

d) social democracy

The major disagreement among Americans on ideological economic dimension is over

d) how much the government should become involved in modifying the effects of the free market

Under the three-fifhs compromise,

a) each slave would count as three-fifths of a person for purposes of representation

James Madison believed that factions were particularly dangerous to a republic because

a) they would likely put the haves and have-nots against each other

In federalist No. 51, what government structure did James Madison recommend to ensure "ambition...be made to counteract ambition"

a) separation of powers among the branches of federal government

The supremacy clause of the U.S. constitution states that

c) the constitution is the supreme law of the land

A ______ system is one in which the central government ultimately has all of the power

d) unitary

McCulloch v. Maryland increased the power of the federal government by

b) interpreting the "necessary and proper" clause of the constitution very broadly

Federal funds provided to states for a broad purpose and unrestricted by detail requirements are called

d) block grants

The supreme court ruled part of the Brady Bill to be unconstitutional in

e) Printz v. United States

Bills of attainder are laws

b) under which specific persons or groups are detained and sentenced without trial

The right of an accused to be brought before a judge and informed of the charges and evidence against him or her is known as

c) habeas corpus

____ describes the process of applying the bill of rights to the states on a case by case basis

e) selective incorporation

The establishment clause guarantees

a) that government will not create and support an official church

Written defamation of character is known as

a) libel

The exclusionary rule is the Supreme Court rule that states that

e) evidence seized in violation of a defendants constitutional rights cannot be used to obtain conviction

Miranda v. Arizona held that

b) police have to advise people of their constitutional rights prior to questioning

The difference between civil rights and civil liberties is

a) that civil rights involve government action to secure rights to citizenship while civil liberties involve individual freedoms that limit the power of government

In the Gideon v. Wainwright ruling, the Supreme Court

a) incorporated the Sixth amendment's guarantee of the right to counsel

The Supreme Court's ruling in Griswold v. Connecticut is significant because it

c) opened the door for a variety of claims regarding the right to privacy

_____ discrimination arises from or is supported by law.

d) De jure

The ____ Amendment gives women the right to vote

b) Nineteenth

Laws that treat men and women differently are subject to:

b) an intermediate standard of review

Which of the following is NOT constitutional?

d) Fulfilling quotas of minorities in school admissions

Who is the primary author of the Declaration of Independence?

d) Thomas Jefferson

Those who opposed ratification of the new constitution referred to themselves as

c) anti-federalists

Which of the following Constitutional amendments lowered the voting age from 21 to 18?

b) Amendment 26

Which of the following men did not write under the name Publius?

d) Thomas Jefferson

Which article of the US constitution sets up the Supreme Court and gives Congress the power to establish lower federal courts as necessary?

c) Article 3

Which article of the US constitution contains the Full Faith and Credit clause?

d) Article 4

Which of the following was not a common tactic employed....following reconstruction to limit the political participation of African Americans?

e) All of the above were used

Which article of the US constitution addresses sets up the national legislature?

a) Article 1

This famous compromise balanced the major concerns of large and small states, creating a national legislature with 2 houses- one based on equal...

b) Connecticut compromise

Which of the following Constitutional amendments protects individuals from unreasonable search and seizure by the national government?

a) Amendment 4

Which of the following Constitutional amendments guarantees individuals the right to a speedy trial, to confront the witness against you...

d) Amendment 6

Which of the following Constitutional amendments repealed prohibition?

c) Amendment 21

Which of the following states that local governments are creatures of the states and have only the authority specifically granted to them by state govt

b) Dillon's Rule

Which of the following Constitutional amendments allows the president to temporarily transfer the powers...to the vice president, then take them back

d) Amendment 25

Which of the following is part of the most recent amendment to the US constitution?

a) Congressional pay raises go into effect after an election

Which notorious Supreme Court case from 1819 affirmed the right of the national govt to charter a bank, while barring states from taxing any entity of

c) McCullough v Maryland

The right of states to declare a national law unconstitutional is known as

d) nullification

Which type of federalism suggests that the national government controls the vast majority of policy and leaves only small pocket policy control

a) Ad-Hoc Federalism

Wich of the following Constitutional amendments bans slavery?

b) Amendment 13

Which of the following Constitutional amendments guarantees citizenship to all individuals born in the United States?

c) Amendment 14

Which of the following Constitutional amendments established federal income tax?

d) Amendment 16

Amendment 14 to the US Constitution paves the way for selective incorporation. In this context, what does "incorporation" refer to?

a) Application of amendments to the states

When the national government orders states to take certain policy actions, but does not provide any funding to assist in the policy implementation...

b) Unfunded Mandate

The process of returning authority from the national government to the states is known as:

c) Devolution

"The power of courts to declare laws unconstitutional" is known as

c) Judicial Review

In "The rights of the Colonists" Samuel Adams argues for religious toleration.....Which group did he specifically mention?

b) Catholics

According to the US Constitution, how long is the term of a member of the US House of Representatives?

c) 2 years

Which 2010 court case may have significant implications for the incorporation of the 2nd Amendment?

d) McDonald v Chicago

Which landmark Supreme Court case overturned the "separate but equal" principle, and banned discrimination in the public schools?

a) Plessy v Fergison

Which of the following banned discrimination based on race, color, religion, or national origin in restaurants, hotels, movie theaters...

b) Civil Rights Act of 1964

Which Supreme Court decision from 1973 held that an individuals right to privacy extends to their right to make procreation decisions?

a) Roe v Wade

Which US Supreme Court case from 1986 declared that states had the right to ban sexual relations between two consenting adults of the same sex...

b) Bowers v Hardwick

Which 2003 Supreme Court decision overruled a previous Supreme Court ruling from 1986 and declared that the individuals right to privacy covered sex

d) Lawrence v Texas

Which of the following does not appear in the US Constitution in the section pertaining to US Senators?

a) Senators must be 35 years of age

Which act of Congress made it a federal crime to attempt to prevent anyone from voting in a federal election?

b) Voting Rights act of 1957

Which era of federalism is characterized by an increasing overlap in policy involvement between the national and state governments?

d) Cooperative Federalism

The term "Constituency" refers to

a) the people in a district who are served by a representative.

Budget Bills must

d) originate in the house

The job of confirming presidential appointments belongs to the

b) the senate

The reallocation of congressional seats among the states every ten years, following the census, is known as

e) reapportionment

The number of representatives with voting privileges in the House of Representatives

a) is currently set at 435 members.

Redrawing congressional district boundaries to favor a particular group or party is known as

c) gerrymandering

Leaders in Congress obtain their power from

c) the members of congress

The greatest importance of standing committees is that they

c) increase congressional power by allowing detailed analysis and modification of legislation.

Which of the following is the extremely powerful congressional committee that determines when debate on a bill will take place?

a) The House Rules Committee

When different versions of the same bill pass in the House and the Senate,

a) a conference committee is formed to bridge the gap between the bills.

Policy entrepreneurship is defined as the

c) practice among legislators of becoming expert leaders in specific policy areas.

cloture is vote that

d) attempts to end a Senate filibuster.

During the constitutional process of removing a president from office

a) the House impeaches and the Senate puts the president on trial and removes the president from office.

What must Congress do for a bill to become law after a president has vetoed it?

c) Both houses of Congress must override the veto by a two-thirds majority vote in both chambers.

The Supreme Court has ruled that House districts

e) must adhere to the “one-citizen-one-vote” standard.

A representative who sought power within the House would likely want a seat on

b) the Rules committee

Most bills introduced in congress usually

d) die by inaction at the committee stage.

What is the term for when a legislator supports a proposal favored by another in return for support of his or hers?

d) logrolling

Approximately what percentage of US Senators and House members are successful in reelection bids?

d) 90%

In “Congress: The Electoral Connection” Richard Mayhew writes about the motivations of members of Congress. What does Mayhew suggest is the primary goal of all legislators?

d) gets reelected

Who is the current Speaker of the US House of Representatives?

a) John Boehner

Which amendment to the US Constitution revised the rules of the Electoral College and required that electors vote for presidential nominees and vice presidential nominees on separate ballots?

b) Amendment 12

Which amendment to the US Constitution provides citizens of the District of Columbia the right to vote in presidential elections?

c) Amendment 23

According to the textbook, presidents have difficulty surviving two terms in office and maintaining their popularity because

d) presidents have too little power to meet public expectations.

The president's cabinet is composed of the

b) appointees heading each department in the executive branch.

The purpose of the 1973 war powers act was to

a) limit the president's ability to engage American forces in hostilities.

Pacts made by the president with another head of state that do not require Senate approval are called

b) executive agreements

When the government is a party in a case before the Supreme Court, who argues the case?

e) The solicitor general

The cycle effect refers to the tendency for presidents to

a) experience predictable shifts in their popularity over the course of their presidency.

Compared to the modern president, the president envisioned by the framers was

b) less powerful

The weakness in the presidential strategy of “going public” is that

d) presidents struggle to maintain a high enough approval rating to make the strategy work.

White House staff and the president's cabinet often conflict because

a) staff serve the president's interest, while cabinet members seek support for their policy initiatives.

According to James David Barber's typology of presidential personalities, which type of president is likely to perform best in office?

c) Active-positive presidents

The practice in which successful party candidates reward supporters with jobs or favors is known as

d) patronage

A presidential document that reveals what the president thinks of a new law and how it ought to be enforced is known as a/an:

b) signing statement

Which 1883 civil service reform required the hiring and promoting of civil servants to be based on merit, not patronage?

a) the pendelton act

Bureaucracies are

c) found in both the public and private sectors.

Bureaucratic accountability refers to

a) the principle that bureaucratic employees should be answerable to supervisors, all the way up the chain of command.

______ refers to bureaucrats' authority to use their own judgment in interpreting and carrying out the laws of Congress.

e) Bureaucratic discretion

The term "iron triangles" refers to the

c) phenomenon of members of interest groups, congressional committees, and bureaucratic agencies cooperating for mutual benefit.

Which of the following is an example of a government agency designed to serve a distinct clientele group?

c) agriculture

An example of an independent regulatory board is the

c) Food and Drug Administration.

1) The bureaucracy engages in the lawmaking process

d) because Congress often passes very general laws that require clarification before they can be enforced.

1) The president’s most powerful weapons to control the bureaucracy are

c) his appointment power and his control of the budget.

The primary effect of sunshine laws has been to open the

b) policymaking process to the public.

1. In “Bureaucracy and the Public Interest” Wilson outlines a few of the key problems Which of the following was not suggested by Wilson?

d) Give Congress more control over the daily activities of the bureaucracy

____ law establishes the basic powers of and limitations on governmental institutions and the interrelationship of governmental institutions.

d) Constitutional

The power of the courts to determine the constitutionality of laws is called judicial

c) review

Because of Chief Justice John Marshall's ruling in Marbury v. Madison, the

a. Court lost power to both the president and Congress

c) power of the Court vastly increased.

The U.S. Circuit Courts of Appeals are arranged

a) in twelve circuits covering the District of Columbia and geographical groupings of states.

Decisions of the U.S. Circuit Courts are made by

b) panels of three judges.

Senatorial courtesy refers to the

c) tradition of granting senators considerable influence over federal judicial appointments in their home states.

The Rule of Four refers to the number of

a) Supreme Court justices who must agree to grant a case certiorari in order for the case to be heard.

The term “amicus curiae” refers to

e) a "friend of the court" brief filed by interested parties to encourage the court to grant or deny certiorari or to urge it to decide a case in a particular way.

The term "judicial ______" refers to the view that courts should be lawmaking, policymaking bodies

c) activism

In a comparison of the treatment of blacks and whites in the American justice system,

b) blacks are more likely to be arrested, more likely to go to jail, and get harsher sentences than whites.

"Stare decisis" is the Latin term that refers to the practice of relying on

e) precedent

A U.S. Department of Agriculture law on how much coloring or other additives can be in food is an example of _____ law.

b) administrative

The founders purposely left the powers of the courts ambiguous

b) to make it easier to ratify the Constitution.

The significance of Marbury v. Madison is that it

d) established judicial review.

Strict constructionists argue that there is no

d) constitutionally protected right to privacy.

The Rule of Four is significant to the balance of power among Supreme Court justices because it

a) gives some power to the minority on the Court.

A signed opinion in which one or more members agree with the majority opinion view but for different reasons is known as:

b) Concurring opinion

About this deck

By: Mark Swanson
Created: 2011-12-11
Size: 131 flashcards
Views: 230

About StudyBlue

“I have used this website for three exams, and I see a huge difference in my test results.”
Naj