- StudyBlue
- Nevada
- Touro University (NV)
- Physician Assistant
- Physician Assistant Cardio
- Guadagnoli
- Prevention of CVD
Prevention of CVD
Physician Assistant Cardio with Guadagnoli at Touro University (NV)
About this deck
By: Matt Padgett
Created: 2011-11-20
Size: 31 flashcards
Views: 12
Created: 2011-11-20
Size: 31 flashcards
Views: 12
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What is the Framingham Heart Study?
A study that began in 1948 involving 10,000 residents of Framingham, Massachusetts that observed and tested multiple cardiovascular risks.
What info does Framingham assess?
Gender, age, HDL & LDL, BP, smoking, personal history, and family history.
What does the Framingham risk score mean?
The numerical value gives you a 10-year risk of heart attack in a table.
What are non-modifiable risk factors for CVD?
Age, genetics, gender
What are modifiable risk factors?
Smoking, diet, blood pressure, diabetes, obesity, alcohol use, activity
What are the diagnostic tests for non-modifiable risk factors?
Exercise tolerance test (ETT), electron beam tomography (EBT), and Echocardiograms (ECHO)
What are preventative medications to reduce risk of CVD?
Aspirin, beta blockers, and ACE inhibitors.
What are interventions for CVD?
Percutaneous coronary interventions and coronary artery bypass graft
When should you perform a 10 year risk assessment?
For patients with 2+ risk factors and for diabetics who automatically qualify as a risk.
Who are high risk patients?
Those with:
1. Abdominal aortic aneurysm
2. Peripheral vascular disease
3. Carotid artery disease
4. Diabetes
5. 20% or more on Framingham
6. Over 45 with 2+ risk factors
1. Abdominal aortic aneurysm
2. Peripheral vascular disease
3. Carotid artery disease
4. Diabetes
5. 20% or more on Framingham
6. Over 45 with 2+ risk factors
When does plaque formation start?
During fetal development
What is a class 1 modifiable risk factor?
Basic research shows strong potential to reduce risk, cost-effectiveness, and intervention data demonstrates the magnitude of the benefit and risk.
How man classes of modifiable risk factors are there?
3. 1 being the most effective and 3 being less proven.
What is high-quality evidence?
Consistent evidence from randomized trials or overwhelming evidence.
Which patients should receive combination long-acting ACE inhibitor and a calcium channel blocker?
Those with a BP higher than 20/10 mmHg above goal.
What is an ARB?
Angiotensin II receptor blocker
What are the class 1 risk factors?
Smoking, dyslipidemia, high blood pressure, and preventative medications.
What is the range for prehypertension?
120-139 / 80-89
What is the range for stage 1 hypertension?
140-159 / 90-99
What is the range for stage 2 hypertension?
>160 / >100
Each increment of 20/10 mmHg...
Doubles the risk of CVD across the entire BP range starting from 115/75 mmHg.
Lowering BP lowers...?
Incidence or stroke, MI, and heart failure.
Lowering which BP number has the highest effect on risk factors?
Systolic
What are the criteria for metabolic syndrome?
1. BP higher than 130/85 mmHg
2. Glucose higher than 100 mg/dL
3. Large waist circumference
4. Low HDL
5. Triglycerides higher than 150 mg/dL
2. Glucose higher than 100 mg/dL
3. Large waist circumference
4. Low HDL
5. Triglycerides higher than 150 mg/dL
What are the recommendations for annual screenings?
Blood pressure, weight, height, and BMI in patients older than 18.
How much should a patient at risk exercise each day?
30 minutes daily.
What is the purpose of Hgb A1C?
Gives the average of glucose over the last 3 months.
When do most heart attacks occur?
In the morning hours
Why should you write Rx for generics?
Cost to the patient.
What are some ways to improve adherence?
Increase convenience and access to care, encourage family support, give written instructions, simplify regimens, etc.
About this deck
By: Matt Padgett
Created: 2011-11-20
Size: 31 flashcards
Views: 12
Created: 2011-11-20
Size: 31 flashcards
Views: 12
About StudyBlue
STUDYBLUE makes things that make you better at school.
Things like online flashcards with photos and audio.
Things like personalized quizzes and friendly reminders about when (and what) to study next.
Think of it as a digital backpack™: access to all of your study materials online and on your phone.
STUDYBLUE exists to make studying efficient and effective for every student, for free. Join us.
“Simply amazing. The flash cards are smooth, there are many different types of studying tools, and there is a great search engine. I praise you on the awesomeness.”
Dennis
Dennis