PSYC 2200 exam 1.pdf

1 PSYC 20 Exam 1 Spring 2010 There are 10 points posible. Please take your time. Many mistakes are made by people in a hury. For example, please be sure that the answer you chose to fil in on the answer sheet coresponds to the answer you intended to select. Be sure that you fil in your corect e-mail adres in the blanks on the answer page. Use the best answer, not something that can be corect with efort. Grades wil be posted ASAP on Colab Use only a number two pencil!!! There should be 6 pages Keep these pages -- turn in only your answer shet Don't cheat!!! Sign the pledge!!! 1. ________ neurons gather information from the environment related to light, odors, and bodily contact with objects. A) Sensory B) Motor C) Inter- D) Relay inter- E) Efferent 2. Determination of whether a neuron is clasified as multipolar, bipolar or unipolar is determined by the number of proceses coming from the A) Dendrite B) Axon C) Soma D) None of the above E) All of the above 3. ________ neurons function to contract muscles. A) Sensory B) Motor C) Inter- D) Afferent E) Local inter- 4. The ________ is comprised of the nervous system outside of the brain and spinal cord. A) peripheral nervous system B) central nervous system C) enteric nervous system D) corticospinal system E) forebrain 5. The ________ contain(s) the nerve cell nucleus. A) soma B) axon C) axon terminals D) dendrites E) mitochondria 2 6. Which of the folowing is true regarding the action potential (AP)? A) The AP is carried along the axon membrane. B) The AP is always of the same amplitude and duration in a given cell. C) The AP is an all-or-none signal. D) The AP is a brief electrical signal. E) Al of the above are corect. 7. An impaired ability to sense temperature and touch might be expected after damage to which type of nerve cell? A) Glial cells. B) Multipolar neurons. C) Unipolar neurons. D) Schwan cells. E) Microglial cells. 8. The time that it takes for a single action potential to occur from start to finish is in A) Nanoseconds B) Microseconds C) Miliseconds D) Seconds E) Minutes 9. Match the corect function with the appropriate neuronal organele. A) mitochondria; extraction/production of energy B) mitochondria; formation of vesicles C) microtubules; breakdown of proteins D) microtubules; transport of chemicals acros the synapse E) cytoskeleton; extraction/production of energy 10. Which of the folowing is NOT a function of glial cells? A) Provision of nutrition to the brain. B) Removal of physical debris from the brain. C) Physical suport of neurons. D) Insulation of a nerve cell from other nerve cells. E) The conduction of action potentials. 11. Which of the folowing is true of neurons? A) Neurons have a high metabolic rate. B) The dendrites store nutrients and oxygen for later use by the soma of the neuron. C) Dead neurons are consumed by other neurons. D) Neurons make up 99% of the volume of the brain. E) Dead glial cells are replaced by newly formed neurons. 12. Astrocytes perform which of the folowing functions? A) Production of neurons. B) Provision of nourishment to neurons. C) Clean up of debris within the brain. D) B & C. E) A & B. 3 13. Which of the folowing is true of oligodendrocytes and Schwan cells? A) Oligodendrocytes are found within the brain. B) Schwan cells provide myelin for peripheral nerve cells. C) A single Schwan cell wraps a single segment of a peripheral nerve cell. D) A single oligodendrocyte can myelinate multiple segments of an axonal membrane. E) Al of the above are corect. 14. Which of the folowing was NOT a feature of action potentials? A) The movements of chloride ions during the action potential. B) Involvement of voltage-dependent sodium channels. C) Involvement of voltage-dependent potasium channels. D) The movements of sodium and potasium ions during the action potential. E) B and C are corect. 15. Which of the folowing represents the normal order of information flow in a single neuron? A) Axon --> dendrite --> cell body --> axon terminals B) Axon terminals --> cell body --> axon --> dendrite C) Dendrite --> cell body --> axon --> axon terminal D) Cel body --> axon --> dendrite --> axon terminal E) Dendrite --> axon terminal --> cell body --> axon 16. The ________ is defined as the diference in electrical charge betwen the inside and the outside of the axon membrane. A) membrane potential B) local potential C) glial potential D) action potential E) axon potential 17. Movement of the axon membrane potential from -70 mV to -90 mV would be termed a(n) A) action potential. B) threshold potential. C) depolarization. D) hyperpolarization. E) excitatory local potential. 18. At +5 mV (inside relative to outside), the electrical gradient or electrical force acting on sodium is: A) Toward the inside of the neuron B) Toward the outside of the neuron C) No force D) It depends 19. At +5 mv (inside relative to outside), the concentration gradient or force acting on sodium is: A) Toward the inside of the neuron B) Toward the outside of the neuron C) No force D) It depends 4 20. Cation is to anion as A) transport is to difusion. B) positive is to negative. C) difusion is to transport. D) negative is to positive. E) intracelular is to extracellular. 21. Which of the folowing specialists is MOST likely to work with people with brain damage? A) Comparative psychologist B) Biopsychologist C) Neurologist D) Psychobiologist 22. The force of difusion would tend to move ________ ions ________ the axon. A) chloride; out of B) sodium; into C) potasium; into D) organic; into E) sodium; out of 23. In a resting neuron, which of the forces listed below wil act to push sodium ions into the cell? A) Concentration gradient. B) Electrical gradient. C) Sodium-potasium pump. D) Ion channel inactivation. E) A and B are corect. 24. Which of the folowing events restores the membrane potential from the peak of the action potential back to the resting level? A) Sodium ions move into the cell. B) Potasium ions move out of the cell. C) Potasium ions move into the cell. D) Chloride ions move into the cell. E) A and C are corect. 25. Ions enter and leave the membrane of a myelinated axon at the A) terminal buttons. B) axon hilock. C) nodes of Ranvier. D) segment of membrane under the Schwan cell wraping. E) release zone. 26. A synapse can involve a junction betwen an axon terminal and a(n) ________. A) dendrite B) soma C) axon D) glial cell E) A, B, and C are corect. 5 27. A key event for the release of neurotransmiter from the presynaptic membrane is the A) hyperpolarization of the axon membrane. B) arival of an action potential at the axon terminal. C) influx of potasium ions into the axon terminal. D) activation of the sodium-potasium pumps. E) opening of ion channels within the microtubules. 28. Under what conditions is it imposible for a stimulus to produce an action potential? A) If the membrane is in its absolute refractory period B) If it ocurs at the same time as a hyperpolarizing stimulus C) If sodium ions are more concentrated outside the cel than inside D) If the calcium gates have ben blocked 29. In which portion of a neuron would you expect to find the largest number of vesicles? A) The dendritic spines. B) The soma. C) Near the nuclear membrane. D) The axon terminal. E) The axon hilock. 30. Which of the folowing wil produce an EPSP? A) Opening a sodium channel. B) Closing a sodium channel. C) Opening a potasium channel. D) Opening a manganese channel. E) Closing a calcium channel. 31. An autoreceptor is located on the ________ and is sensitive to ________. A) presynaptic membrane; the transmitter released by that neuron B) presynaptic membrane; a diferent transmitter released by another neuron C) presynaptic membrane; calcium ions located in the synapse D) postsynaptic membrane; calcium ions located in the synapse E) presynaptic membrane; the amount of second mesenger activity in the postsynaptic cell 32. Which of the folowing wil neutralize the effect of an EPSP? A) Further opening a sodium channel. B) Alowing intracellular anions to leave the cell. C) Closing a potasium channel. D) Opening a chloride channel. E) B and D are corect. 33. The ?decision? for neurons to produce an action potential is determined by A) the net excitation after combining all the EPSPs and IPSPs B) IPSPs only C) EPSPs only D) Synapses on the axon 6 34. The proces that usually terminates the postsynaptic potentials induced by most neurotransmiters is A) disruption of the postsynaptic receptor. B) enzymatic degradation of the transmitter molecule. C) inhibition of transmitter synthesis. D) facilitation of transmitter release. E) reuptake of the molecule into the dendrite. 35. A drug that inactivates acetylcholinesterase (AChE) would be expected to A) prolong the effects of acetylcholine (ACh) in the synapse. B) terminate the effects of ACh in the synapse. C) sped up the synthesis of ACh. D) impair the synthesis of ACh. E) activate the presynaptic autoreceptor for ACh. 36. Which efect is consistently asociated with a ?second mesenger?? A) Ionotropic B) Metabotropic C) Inhibitory D) Excitatory 37. If you were interested in viewing the ultrastructure (very fine detail) of neurons, you would use a(n): A) light microscope B) fluorescent microscope C) electron microscope D) disecting microscope E) none of the above 38. The distance that curent (charge) spreads as a result of a single action potential is greater in unmyelinated than in myelinated axons. A) True B) False 39. A Nisl stain is best to view A) Cel bodies (soma) B) Axons C) Dendrites D) Synapses 40. An experimenter can use the imune system to stain for a specific protein or receptor on single neurons A) True B) False David Hill exam 1 test