Psych 127A midterm 1

Psychology 127a with Mays at University of California - Los Angeles

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By: Ryane Daniels
Created: 2011-04-15
Size: 31 flashcards
Views: 28

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What causes a psychological disorder?

Social Deviance: is behavior different from what you would see in other age, gender, cultures, etc. (social norm)

Severity Dysfunction: impairs the individual

Subject Distress: able to see the person is disturbed

Danger: harmful to oneself and others

Genetic Model

biological determinism: Are you going to be what your genes say?

We have understood how biological behavior can determine certain abnormal behavior or a likelihood that the person will have a certain behavior due to the environment

Neuroscience Model

neurotransmitters can influence brain functioning and deals with chemical imbalances

know neurotransmitters: serotonin, GABA and glutamate, norepinephrine, and dopamine

diathesis stress model

individual inherits tendencies to express certain traits, or behaviors, which are activated under stressful situations, shown in twin studies

diathesis= level of vulnerability

ex. family stressors can trigger certain behaviors

norepinephrine

stimulates alpha and beta adrenergic receptors, influences emergency reactions on alarm responses

ex. beta-blocker to decrease nor. to lower heart rate and blood pressure

serotonin

neurotransmitter that influences our behavior, moods and thought processes

associated with depression

GABA and glutamate

fast acting, GABA reduces overall arousal and tempers our emotional responses, responsible for reuptake

ex. benzodiazepines increase GABA to promote calmness- associated with anxiety

dopamine

associated with exploratory, risk seeking behavior

low levels can be related to Parkinson's disease

Classes of drugs

anti-anxiety

anti-depression

anti-psychotic drugs

Behavioral Cognitve Model

behavior is determined by life experiences, observable behavior and interpersonal relationships can be influenced by environmental causes

classical conditioning

learning by temporal association

ex. Pavlov wanted to make dogs salivate without food, but with a bell and turn an unconditioned, natural trait into a conditioned trait (taught)

operant conditioning

organism works or operates through an environment and produces an effect

e. Skinner believed reinforcement will increase behaviors (whether positive or negative)

behavioral therapy

identifying behavior that causes problems and replacing them with a more positive therapy

Cognitive Model

cognitive scientists believe maladaptive thinking is the cause of maladaptive behavior ex. Beck challenged certain thoughts people had and determined the result of the behavior

Integrative Model

using therapy to provide treatment for the certain symptoms a person expresses

ex. understanding which disorders need certain things such as drugs, therapy, or both

reciprocal gene environment model

people with a genetic vulnerability to develop a certain disorder, can be triggered by a personality trait- places you into more vulnerable situations because of risky environment

ex. aggressive gene is more prone to fighting, depression gene causes isolation

Mental status exam

formal assessment of mental functioning

assesses: appearance and behavior, thought processes, mood and effect, intellectual functioning, and sensorium

Sensorium

awareness of your surroundings in terms of the person

ex. asking the patient the current date, the current president and the current year

Psychological Testing

undergoes certain medical exams (neurological testing), interviews, and observations in order to better assess the patient

Neurological Testing

Behaviors that is a function of something wrong with your brain

focuses on structure- MRI, CT

and focuses on function- PET, fMRI, EEG, and SPECT

Clinical Observations

observing the patient in natural settings to see how they are reacting to the environment

ex. using playpens as therapy to observe children’s behavior

Interviews

understanding the history of the behaviors

structured- protocol prompt of questions

unstructured- one questions and a free-flowing conversation afterwards

semi-structured- combination of both

Projective Tests

notifying ambiguous stimuli in order to understand the unconscious mind

deals with Psychoanalysis and Freud

certain tests: Inkblot, Thematic Apperception Test, and Sentence Completion Test

Intelligence Tests

standardized test that measures cognitive ability

IQ test and Weschler's Cognitive Test (studying children and solving puzzles

Axis I DSM

Clinical Syndromes

diagnoses come and go, identifies names of disorders

ex. Anxiety Disorders, Somatoform Disorders and Dissociative Disorders

Axis II DSM

Personality Disorders and Mental Retardation

demonstrates a chronic dagnosis

ex. Autism

Axis III DSM

General Medical Condition

physical things that are associated with their psychosocial abilities

health records and medical history to see how is links to the root of the problem

ex. cancer can be the cause of depression

Axis IV DSM

Psychosocial and Environmental Problems

environment plays a role in our behavior when dealing with external stress

ex. recession, life events, abuse

Axis V

Global Assessment of Functioning (GAF)

score 1-100 of how functional you are with a disease

ex. a scoe of 50 vs. 90 for depression

Criticisms of DSM

causes labeling, and more geared towards Western tradition of diseases

About this deck

By: Ryane Daniels
Created: 2011-04-15
Size: 31 flashcards
Views: 28

About StudyBlue

“I have been getting MUCH better grades on all my tests for school. Flash cards, notes, and quizzes are great on here. Thanks!”
Kathy