Pueblo Art Notes

StudyBlue printing of Pueblo Art Notes html, body, div, span, applet, object, iframe, h1, h2, h3, h4, h5, h6, p, blockquote, pre, a, abbr, acronym, address, big, cite, code, del, dfn, em, font, img, ins, kbd, q, s, samp, small, strike, strong, sub, sup, tt, var, b, u, i, center, fieldset, form, label, legend, table, caption, tbody, tfoot, thead, tr, th, td { margin: 0; padding: 0; border: 0; outline: 0; font-size: 100%; background: transparent; } body { line-height: 1; } blockquote, q { quotes: none; } blockquote:before, blockquote:after, q:before, q:after { content: ''; content: none; } /* remember to define focus styles! */ :focus { outline: 0; } /* remember to highlight inserts somehow! */ ins { text-decoration: none; } del { text-decoration: line-through; } /* tables still need 'cellspacing="0"' in the markup */ table { border-collapse: collapse; border-spacing: 0; } /* end RESET */ .header { min-width:800px; } .logo { padding:6px 20px 2px 20px; margin:0; font-size:25px; font-weight:bold; color:#808285; position:relative; border-bottom: 1px solid #c5c5c5; } .logo-blue { color:#70adc4; } .logo-desc { font-weight:normal; font-size:19px; color:#cccccc; margin-top:50px; position:absolute; display: none; } .back-button { position:absolute; top:20px; right:20px; font-size:13px; line-height:25px; color:rgb(0,175,225); font-weight:normal; } .back-button a { color:rgb(0,175,225); } .instructions { padding:0; margin:0; width:100%; position:relative; color:rgb(100,100,100); } .step-holder { border-left:1px solid #ededed; margin-left:20px; } .steps { padding:15px 0; float:left; width:24%; border-right:1px solid #ededed; text-align:center; } .steps-01 { } .steps-02 { } .steps-03 { } .steps-04 { } .label { padding:5px 10px; } .print-button { } .print-button a { background-color:rgb(0,175,225); color:white; line-height: 19px; padding:9px 8px 5px 30px; font-size:14px; text-decoration:none; background-image: url(images/printer.png); background-repeat: no-repeat; background-position: 7px 50%; -moz-border-radius: 5px; -webkit-border-radius: 5px; } .print-button a:hover { background-color:black; } .theNote .content { width: 8.0in !important; margin: 5px auto; padding:20px; background-color:white; } .theNote .header { border-bottom: 1px dashed #C8C8C8; font-size: 17px; padding: 0 0 10px; line-height: 19px; color: #00ADE1; min-width:500px; } .theNote .body { font-size: 14px; line-height: 19px; padding: 10px 0; } .theNote{ padding:6px 0; clear:both; background-color: rgb(200,200,200); } .theNote h3{ color: rgb(100,100,100); } .theNote h1, .theNote h3{ background-color:white; padding:2px 20px; width:8.0in !important; margin: 0 auto; font-size: 15px; } .theNote h1{ padding-top: 10px; font-size: 15px; } .theNote h1:first-child{ font-size: 20px; } .theNote h3 { font-size: 14px; font-weight: normal; } #options { border: 3px double #ccc; padding: 5px 12px; margin: 10px 50px 10px 20px; float: left; } #info { border-top: 1px solid #ccc; padding-top: 5px; font-style: italic; } li { margin: 5px 10px 5px 25px; } ul li { list-style: disc; } ol li { list-style: decimal; } img { border: 0; } table { clear: both; width: 100%; border: 1px solid #c5c5c5; border-width: 1px 0; margin: 0; page-break-after: always; } table#page { page-break-after: auto; } td { text-align: center; font-size: 12px; border-bottom: 1px dashed #c5c5c5; height: 1.75in; width: 50%; padding-left: 15px; } .leftside { border-right: 1px solid #cccccc; padding: 0 15px 0 0; } .bottom td { border-bottom: none; } .clearfix { clear:both; line-height:1px; height:1px; } img { max-width:80%; max-height:150px; margin:20px; } @media print {.header { display: none; } .content .header{ display:inherit; } table { border: 1px dashed #bbb; border-width: 1px 0; } .theNote{ background-color:white; } } Pueblo Art Art of the Precontact Peoples of the Southwest: Mogollon, Hohokam, & Anasazi · Mogollon AD 200-1200 · Hohokam 300 BC- AD 1450 · Anasazi 100BC-AD 1600 Pit House - Used for shelter & ceremonies - Earliest form of architecture in Southwest - Jacal: abode House - Wattle and daub - Hole at top was entrance & exit as well as smoke hole - 2-4 would share a common courtyard - Used by hunters & gatherers - Kept turkeys and other animals - Problems: out in the open with no defensive structure, only one entrance & exit “Apartment Style” Pueblo dwelling AD 1000 - Built under cliffs raised above - Entrances & exits thru ceiling & floors that are connected so that the household is contained - Contained 2 to 4 rooms - Entire room was encircled by wall - Created by staffed clay bricks, mass molded - Slather entire structure with adobe mud - Permanent structures - Stacked groups of families - Reflective of social stratification - Ceremonies were more private - Able to store personal belongings MOGOLLON (SOUTHWEST): Bold face black on white hemispheric bowls w/ quadrant designs - Present in Southern Arizona & Northern Mexico - Iconography: narrative & specific: refers to rituals that were practiced; images of humans and animals - Abstract patterns is most difficult to interpret: curvilinear patterns could refer to blowing winds Jagged lines referred to landscapes, as well as lightening - Enhancing human fertility - Geometric patterns: 4 is sacred number; refers to way space can range in each direction (North South East West) Classic Black (L) - 10” Diameter 5” deep - Fired in above ground - Made by women - Rabbits were a source of food and significant with was associated with cosmos (esp. Moon) - Rabbit on crescent moon that represents specific time Quail Design (R) - Cranes, turkeys, etc. were also represented - Zig zag designs are repeated Classic Phrase Black (L) & Bat (R) - Turkeys attacking centipede - Simple images; but animals toke important role which refer to myths - Designs always inside the bowl - Bats may wear masks or with cross that imply #4; Classic Phase black with narrative human imagery Man W/ Fish (L) - Humans take form; stylized - No face profile - Engaged in activity; ceremonial - Triangles are forms of fish and their tails Mask Dancer (R) - Ritual narratives - Images show humans decapitating - Humans engaged in dancing with birds - Humans in masks - Katsina: associated with rain & fertility; men will dress in elaborate masks with paint on bodies that emulate a certain body of spirits so they can bless them with crops Burial; interior pit under dwelling space - Bowl show evidence of wear - Bowls were used for funerary rituals - Underneath floor of house; deceased were placed in fetal position and rubbed with red - bowl would be placed on top of deceased head - bowls represented dome or sky; hole on bowl was there to allow spirit to emerge from hole and have access to sky - this world is conceived as a flat space with a dome - **Kill Hole: hole in middle of bowl HOHOKAM: Shellwork Carved frog pavement (L) - Cremated dead - Hohokam were largely centered in Present day Phoenix, AZ - Known as skilled traders - Known for finished shell work - Imported shells from CA coast - Made ceramics Shell pendant - Carved into frog shape - Specialist in etching techniques Horned Toad - Lizard - Pattern used on Magallon Bowls - Created shell pendants with wax resist & acid baths (fermented cactus juice) Shell Jewelry - Shaped shell pendants; forms or parrots etc. - Created arm bracelets with turquoise inlay Inlay: taking material and mixing with other material Stone Palettes - Used for mixing pigments 1) Avian Details 2) Anthropomorphic Figure 3) Snake Design - Image of animals etched on or sculpted on palette Jar with repeating serrated design (L) - Red-on-buff Plate with Turtle Design (R) - Lines indicate flowing water - Amphibian creatures occupy different realms - Some animals spend time underground, which is a sacred place “Paddle and Anvil” Technique: construct vessel using coil method & take stone, hold inside vessel and apply pressure to have smooth surface Human Effigy Pot - effigy vessel is in a shape of a living thing - shape of human; vessel is body - seat with legs raised & resting arms on knees; decorated body with geometric & abstract designs - Human fertility & abundance (agricultural) ANASAZI: - “Ancestral pueblo” - Anasazi= enemy ancestor - From Southwest - Two main periods Ø Basketmaker Period They were nomadic Created baskets not pottery Temporary pit houses Ø Pueblo Period Switched to Apartment Style Dwelling AD 100 Shell with turquoise burial offering (L) Ceremonial Spatulae of bone, turquoise & jet (C) Turquoise mosaic vase with interior wicker form (R) - Skilled at working with turquoise - Imported from Mexico - Spactulae used to scrap sweat & dirt Shell earrings & frog pendant (L) Carved Jet & Turquoise inlay frog effigy (R) - Items were of cultural - Symbols of community Sandals & Gathering Baskets - Two techniques to make baskets; twined weave - Coiling: sewing each coil to the next - Painted with same designs on ceramics Corrugated style unglazed pottery Black and white tall mugs; Ceramic - What was found in the tall mugs/ pitchers hat was also commonly used in rituals by native people in Mesoamerica? COCOA