Quiz 2

Speech And Hearing Sciences 4055 with Yates at University of North Texas

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By: Breana Cannon
Created: 2011-11-11
Size: 64 flashcards
Views: 18

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Assessment Definition

-Also called

Process of collecting and interpreting relevant data for clinical decision making

-Diagnostics or evaluation.

what all is involved in assessment?

Case History

Hearing screening

norm-referenced assessments

criterion-referenced assessments

ALL areas must be assessed

differential diagnosis

process of distinguishing a disorder from others with similar symptoms. Usually looking for a cause.

Appraisal/diagnosis model of assessment

Appraisal =collection of data

diagnosis=interpretation of data

includes differential diagnosis

commonly used in the medical setting

descriptive developmental model of assessment

emphasizes client's current communication, focused on client's development. Not concerned with cause. Commonly used in school setting.

screening

pass/fail test that tells you whether or not client needs further testing. If client is obviously impaired, screen is not necessary.

baseline

Describes the patients level of functioning before intervention. Includes strengths and weaknesses.

Norm-referenced tests

Compare client to normative sample. Used to determine existence of a problem or determining eligibility for services.

central tendency

mean of a bell curve. Usually 100.

Standard deviation

+/- 1 Standard deviation=

+/- 2 Standard deviation=

dispersion of bell curve. Commonly 15.

68%

96%

confidence interval

"standard error of the mean"

Score is an estimate of true score, confidence interval is the range for the true score.

standard scores

derived from normative sample. Used to determine mean and standard deviation.

scaled scores

used for subtest scores. Usually mean is 10 and SD is 3

criterion referenced testing

looks more closely at strengths and weaknesses. commonly use developmental norms as criteria, but criteria is determined by clinician. there is NO normative sample.

used for:

Establish baseline functioning

Develop intervention targets

Document progress

Screening

behavior observation

Useful in measuring presence or absence of a behavior and Frequency, rate, magnitude or duration of behavior’s occurrence and the situations in which it is likely to occur.

Team assessments

team of professionals working together for a client. used for those with:

AAC device

Autism

Cleft Palate

Specific Learning Disability

Traumatic Brain Injury

Swallowing and feeding problems

standardized assessment

A method for administering a test-the way you gather data. Criterion referenced and norm referenced can both be standardized.

purpose of homework

so client can repeat behavior

parent/caregiver involvement

transfer skills into real life setting

purpose of assessment

to answer:

1. is there a disorder?

2. is intervention needed?

3. what are the goals?

dynamic assessment

Tells clinician client's responsiveness. Uses test, teach, retest method.

purpose of intervention

1. eliminate disorder

2. change disorder

3. teach compensatory strategies

principles of intervention: curriculum or natural based instruction

therapy goals relate to the curriculum and clients lifestyle.

principles of intervention: integrate oral and written language

for younger students, this includes: literacy socialization activities, metalinguistic an dphonological awareness, and narrative activities.

for adults, this include written and oral integration

principles of intervention: focus on meta activities

metacognition, metalinguistics, metapragmatics, metaphonology.

includes activities that direct attention to the language and congnitive skills. Helps to improve classroom and social skills.

principles of intervention:preventative intervention

ie. if you see issues with phonological disorders, work on phonological awareness to prevent literacy issues.

target

any skill or action taught to client.

approaches to target selection

1. normative approach:

behaviors that are appropriate according to age-based norms

2. client-specific approach

teach behaviors that best serve client's needs.

guidelines to selecting target behaviors

select targets that:

-make immediate and significant differences

-will be produced and reinforced at home

-help expand communicative skills

-linguistically and culturally appropriate

probe

helps determine baseline and establish goals. used for test/teach/retest method.

behavioral objective

describes what client should do. must include: do statement, criteria, and condition.

purpose of assistive techonology

-to support program admnistration and development

-to support delivery of services

-to support the communication of clients

important legislations for AT

Tech act

ADA

Rehab Act

IDEA

Tech act and AT

defines AT services as any service that directly assists one with a disability in the selection or use of assistive technology.

Stated that AT devices enables some to:

-have more control of their lives

-participate more fully in life

-interact better w/ others

-benefit from basic things others take advantage of

ADA and AT

Protects individuals against discrimination at work and provides them with equal access to public services and accommodations, transportation and telecommunication

Rehab act and AT

Addressed requirements of state vocational rehab agencies for those seeking employment or independences. .

Calls for a "range of services and devices which can help"

Describes eligibility for rehab engineering services.

IDEA and AT

"Each public agency should ensure AT is provided to children in need if it's required in IEP".

symbols for AT

Symbols are used with AT devices to represent real things. Different symobols can be used based on individuals cognitive and physical abilities.

intervention plan

Based on evaluation findings, family and client priorities and eligibility req'ts. Includes IEP and IFSP (educational setting) and Functional maintenance plans (medical setting). Also includes goals, behavioral objectives, intervention, techniques and materials.

SOAP notes

Subjective: clients level of attention and participation

Objective: sepcific data regarding performance

Assessment: interpretation of S and O

Plan: recommendations for future

Evidence based practice includes:

-External evidence from published research

-Internal evidence from evaluation of client and family/willingness/preferences

-internal evidence from examination of clinician preferences, professional competencies, etc.

Assistive Technology

Anything that is used to increase, maintain or improve functionaly capabilities. Does not include surgically implanted devices.

Primary role of AAC systems

to facilitate individual's participation and engagement in meaningful events in their lives.

Diagnostic Evaluation Reports

organizes, integrates and interprets info regarding client's communication skills. It summarizes background info, gives results of evaluation, interprets data, and provides recommendations

4principles of intervention

curriculum or natural based

integrate oral and written language

focus on meta activities

preventative intervention

dynamic assessment used to

determine starting point (how complex? And how much cueing?)

The client will correctly produce /s/ in the initial position with 90% accuracy. what is what?

Do statment: the client will correctly produce /s/

condition: in the initial position of words

Criterion: 90% accuracy

SMART format for choosing goals

Goals must be:

Specific, Measurable, Attainable, Relevant and Teachable

continuum of naturalness

Clinician Directed: drills, modeling, using operant procedures (least natural)

Client Directed: setup in environment and wait for client to initiate behavior

hybrid: combination of both (most natural)

Client directed therapy

Uses operant procedures:

Antecedent: clinician provides a model

Behavior: client responds by producing a target behavior

Consequence: Clinician provides reinforcement or feedback/correction.

Fading

systematic withdrawal of reinforcement

self talk

clinician says what she is doing.

parallel talk

clinician says what client is doing.

recasts

the clinician expands the client's utterances into a different sentence type

facilitative play techniques

clinician arranges the physical environment to encourage client to generate target responses spontaneously during play.

client-centered approach to therapy

emphasizes communication in authentic settings. uses a lot of facilitative play.

types of hybrid instruction

1. focused stimulation

2. milieu teaching

3. script therapy

4. interrupted behavior chain strategy

5. conversational strategy

PICO

The method for developing an appropriate question for EBP.

Patient/Problem

Intervention being considered

Comparison intervention

Outcome (desired)

Six steps to finding EB methods

1. Develop a PICO question

2. Find internal evidence to answer question

3. Find external evidence

4. Examine external evidence critically

5. Integrate internal and external evidence

6. Evaluate decision by documenting outcomes

Critical examination of external evidence includes:

-relevance to clinical question

-level of evidence provided by the study

-direction, strength, and consistency of the study's observed outcomes

Impairment

Temporary or permanent loss or abnormality of a body structure or function, whether physiological or psychological.

disability

Restriction or inability to perform an activity in the manner or within the range considered normal for a human being, mostly resulting from the impairment.

handicap

Result of an impairment or disability that limits or prevents the fulfilment of one or several roles regarded as normal, depending on age, sex and social and cultural factors.

assessing language can be done by considering performance in the areas of:

content (semantics)

form (morphology, phonology, syntax and prosody)

use (pragmatics)

what areas must be assessed/addressed when assessing speech?

language

motor speech

voice

fluency

hearing

About this deck

By: Breana Cannon
Created: 2011-11-11
Size: 64 flashcards
Views: 18

About StudyBlue

“Simply amazing. The flash cards are smooth, there are many different types of studying tools, and there is a great search engine. I praise you on the awesomeness.”
Dennis