Quiz 3
Dental Hygiene 3120 with Myers at University of Minnesota - Twin Cities
About this deck
By: Rachel Sanford
Created: 2010-06-19
Size: 53 flashcards
Views: 19
Created: 2010-06-19
Size: 53 flashcards
Views: 19
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Epidermal cyst
L: acne-prone areas of head, neck or back
O: traumatic implantation of epith, hair follice, ingrown hair
H: EPITHELIAL lining
*filled with keratin (like OKC)
O: traumatic implantation of epith, hair follice, ingrown hair
H: EPITHELIAL lining
*filled with keratin (like OKC)
Dermoid cyst
AKA: benign cystic form of teratoma
L: midline FOM, submandibular, swelling displaces tongue upward
O: entrapped TOTIPOTENT cells (stem/embryotic cells)
H: EPITHELIAL lining
*cyst wall can contain skin, appendanges, sweat glands, teeth, hair etc. Dont confuse with RANULA
L: midline FOM, submandibular, swelling displaces tongue upward
O: entrapped TOTIPOTENT cells (stem/embryotic cells)
H: EPITHELIAL lining
*cyst wall can contain skin, appendanges, sweat glands, teeth, hair etc. Dont confuse with RANULA
Lymphoepithelial Cyst (cervical)
AKA: branchial cleft cyst
L: upper lateral NECK along anterior border of sternocleidomastoid
O: remnants of branchial clefts or entrapped parotid gland
H: EPITH lining, lymphoid tissue in cyst wall
*may arise after inflammatory process
L: upper lateral NECK along anterior border of sternocleidomastoid
O: remnants of branchial clefts or entrapped parotid gland
H: EPITH lining, lymphoid tissue in cyst wall
*may arise after inflammatory process
Oral Lymphoepithelial cyst
L: develops within oral lymphoid tissue "Waldeyers Ring"
O: enclaved salivary or surface epithelium within lymphoid tissue during embyogenesis
H: EPITH lining, lymph tissue in cyst wall
*keratin filled
O: enclaved salivary or surface epithelium within lymphoid tissue during embyogenesis
H: EPITH lining, lymph tissue in cyst wall
*keratin filled
Thyroglossal Tract Cyst
AKA: thyroglossal duct cyst
L: midline, anywhere from foramen cecum of tongue to supra sternal notch
O: remnants of thyroglossal duct epith
H: EPITH lining
*with on rare occasion thyroid tissue
L: midline, anywhere from foramen cecum of tongue to supra sternal notch
O: remnants of thyroglossal duct epith
H: EPITH lining
*with on rare occasion thyroid tissue
Static Bone Cyst
AKA: Stafne defect of Stafne bone cyst = lingual mand salivary gland depression = a "PSUEDOCYST"
L: below md canal in posterior mandible between molars and md angle
O: developmental but doesnt seem to be present at birth
H: NO EPITHELIAL LINING = not true cyst
*no tx necessary
L: below md canal in posterior mandible between molars and md angle
O: developmental but doesnt seem to be present at birth
H: NO EPITHELIAL LINING = not true cyst
*no tx necessary
Simple Bone Cyst
AKA: traumatic bone cyst, solitary bone cyst
L: restricted to BONE of MANDIBLE, rare case in maxilla, dome-like projections scallop between tooth roots
O: trauma-hemorrhagic theory
H: cavity lined with thin memb but NOT EPITH...EMPTY cavity
*surgical exploration is curative
L: restricted to BONE of MANDIBLE, rare case in maxilla, dome-like projections scallop between tooth roots
O: trauma-hemorrhagic theory
H: cavity lined with thin memb but NOT EPITH...EMPTY cavity
*surgical exploration is curative
Aneurysmal Bone Cyst
L: most in MAND. MOLAR region
O: de novo or vascular accident
H: unlined blood filled spaces, NO EPITH lining
* appearance at surgery is "blood soaked sponge" and is diff than hemangioma of bone
O: de novo or vascular accident
H: unlined blood filled spaces, NO EPITH lining
* appearance at surgery is "blood soaked sponge" and is diff than hemangioma of bone
Neoplasia
= "new growth, uncontrolled, disorderly proliferation of cells, resulting in a benign or malignant growth
*2 types: malignant & benign
*2 types: malignant & benign
Malignant
*malignant tumors are capable of:
-INVASION: spread of neoplasm into adjacent structures
-METASTASIS: implantation of tumor cells into distant sites. This is the most important characteristic of malignancy
-INVASION: spread of neoplasm into adjacent structures
-METASTASIS: implantation of tumor cells into distant sites. This is the most important characteristic of malignancy
Benign
*benign tumors are capable of:
-causing harm if their growth infiltrates or compresses adjacent tissues
-generally dont metastasize, tend to grow more SLOWLY
-causing harm if their growth infiltrates or compresses adjacent tissues
-generally dont metastasize, tend to grow more SLOWLY
Tumor Origins: from EPITHELIUM
-when malig = CARCINOMA
-tumor of epith= epithelioma
-epith has many types of cells like squamous or basal= basal cell carcinoma or squamous cell carcinoma
-adenomas= benign tumors of glandular epith (breast, salivary) =adenocarcinoma
-tumor of epith= epithelioma
-epith has many types of cells like squamous or basal= basal cell carcinoma or squamous cell carcinoma
-adenomas= benign tumors of glandular epith (breast, salivary) =adenocarcinoma
Tumor Origins: from CONNECTIVE TISSUE
-when malig = SARCOMA
-tumor of fat = lipoma
-malig tumor of fat = liposarcoma
-tumor of bone = osteoma
-malig tumor of bone = osteosarcoma
-tumor of fat = lipoma
-malig tumor of fat = liposarcoma
-tumor of bone = osteoma
-malig tumor of bone = osteosarcoma
Most prone area to development of Squamous Cell Carcinoma =
=Horse-shoe shaped intraoral area
*consists of:
-anterior FOM
-lateral border of tongue
-tonsillar pillars
-lateral soft palate
*consists of:
-anterior FOM
-lateral border of tongue
-tonsillar pillars
-lateral soft palate
"Staging"
-malignant tumors can be staged with regard to their SIZE, presence of absence of LYMPH NODES and presence or absence of DISTANT METASTASES
Stratified Squamous Epithelium
=covering epithelium for the oral tissues
-may be keratinized or NOT
-has rete pegs or interdigitations
-no rete pegs = sloughing
-may be keratinized or NOT
-has rete pegs or interdigitations
-no rete pegs = sloughing
Squamous Papilloma
=EXOPHYTIC papillary outgrowth of stratified squamous epithelium
F: cauliflower shape with fingerlike projections, often white due to keratin
-BENIGN
-caused by HPV, but etiology is unknown
F: cauliflower shape with fingerlike projections, often white due to keratin
-BENIGN
-caused by HPV, but etiology is unknown
Melonotic Macule
=Small, flat, brown areas on mucosa or lip
-caused by increased production of melanin
-NO increase in melanoCYTES
-may be freckles/ephelides
-BENIGN
-often occur near MIDLINE of lip
-must rule out melanoma..usually removed
-caused by increased production of melanin
-NO increase in melanoCYTES
-may be freckles/ephelides
-BENIGN
-often occur near MIDLINE of lip
-must rule out melanoma..usually removed
Smoker's Melanosis
=irregular brown macular pigmentations that are associated with prolonged tobacco use
-tobacco smoke stimulates increased melanin production esp for girls on birth control
-BENIGN
-tobacco smoke stimulates increased melanin production esp for girls on birth control
-BENIGN
Nevus
AKA: mole
=EXOPHYTIC pigmented congenital lesion of skin or mucosa
-"nests" of rounded melanocytes
-BENIGN
-classified as distribution & morphology
-4 types: intramucosal, junctional, compound, blue
=EXOPHYTIC pigmented congenital lesion of skin or mucosa
-"nests" of rounded melanocytes
-BENIGN
-classified as distribution & morphology
-4 types: intramucosal, junctional, compound, blue
Bathing Trunk Nevus
-congenital
-huge plaques on trunk of baby
-sunlight effects..?? unknown :(
-huge plaques on trunk of baby
-sunlight effects..?? unknown :(
Birthmark
-can be malignant OR become malignant
HPV causes:
-squamous papilloma
-verrucus vulgaris (common wart)
-cervical cancer
-condyloma accuminatum (STD)
***dont laser any of these off due to AEROSOL spray
-verrucus vulgaris (common wart)
-cervical cancer
-condyloma accuminatum (STD)
***dont laser any of these off due to AEROSOL spray
Hyperkeratosis
=excessively thinkened layer of stratum corneum
-either hyperORTHOkeratosis or hyperPARAkeratosis
-keratin soaks up water=turns WHITE
-BENIGN
-either hyperORTHOkeratosis or hyperPARAkeratosis
-keratin soaks up water=turns WHITE
-BENIGN
Smokers Keratosis
= smoking irritates mucosa & cells buildup keratin layer to protect itself
Leukoplakia
=CLINICAL TERM to denote mucosa with a WHITER than normal coloration
-"WHITE PATCH" that can neither be scratched off NOR called any other disease
-BENIGN
-5.4% will turn to squamous cell carcinoma esp in smokers
-"WHITE PATCH" that can neither be scratched off NOR called any other disease
-BENIGN
-5.4% will turn to squamous cell carcinoma esp in smokers
Nicotine Stomatitis
=diffuse white/kertin change of the palate or buccal mucosa
-caused by tobacco smoke, pipe, cigar, etc
-BENIGN
-white background with RED dots
-dots are DILATED MINOR SALIV DUCTS
-does not predispose to malignancy as its uncommon to have cancer on hard palate
-caused by tobacco smoke, pipe, cigar, etc
-BENIGN
-white background with RED dots
-dots are DILATED MINOR SALIV DUCTS
-does not predispose to malignancy as its uncommon to have cancer on hard palate
Epithelial Dysplasia
AKA: Pre-malignancy
=premalig change in epith by a combo of cell alterations (changes in size, shape, arrangement or nucleic mitotic division
-may be mild, mod, severe or in situ
-PRE-MALIGNANCY
=premalig change in epith by a combo of cell alterations (changes in size, shape, arrangement or nucleic mitotic division
-may be mild, mod, severe or in situ
-PRE-MALIGNANCY
Carcinoma In Situ
=cells have become MALIGNANT but have NOT invaded
Erythroplakia
AKA: erythroplasia or red patch
=red patch of oral mucosa caused by epith dysplasia, carcinoma in situ or squamous cell carinoma
-red= lost ability to create keratin so surface epith is showing & is RED
-60% are PREMALIG or MALIGNANT
=red patch of oral mucosa caused by epith dysplasia, carcinoma in situ or squamous cell carinoma
-red= lost ability to create keratin so surface epith is showing & is RED
-60% are PREMALIG or MALIGNANT
Squamous Cell Carcinoma
AKA: SCCA or epidermoid carcinoma
=malignant neoplasm derived from squamous epithelium
-90% of melig neoplasms in mouth are SCCA = most COMMON cancer in the oral cavity
-MALIGNANT
-overall survival = 50%
-etiologic factors: alcohol & tobacco
=malignant neoplasm derived from squamous epithelium
-90% of melig neoplasms in mouth are SCCA = most COMMON cancer in the oral cavity
-MALIGNANT
-overall survival = 50%
-etiologic factors: alcohol & tobacco
SCCA: Lower Lip
-30-40% of all oral carcinomas
-more common in older males
-lesions vermillion border tongue
-preceeded by prolonged period of actinic cheilitis
-well differentiated
-slow growing & slow to metastasize
-nearly 100% CURABLE
-more common in older males
-lesions vermillion border tongue
-preceeded by prolonged period of actinic cheilitis
-well differentiated
-slow growing & slow to metastasize
-nearly 100% CURABLE
SCCA: Tongue
-lateral borders of tongue including adj ventral surfaces
-50% of intra oral lesions
-25% of all oral carcinomas
-NOT due to trauma?? Ask pts if they bit it, if lesion has been there for months, NEED BIOPSY to be sure
-50% of intra oral lesions
-25% of all oral carcinomas
-NOT due to trauma?? Ask pts if they bit it, if lesion has been there for months, NEED BIOPSY to be sure
SCCA: Floor of the Mouth
-20% of all oral carcinomas
-mostly: long term smokers or heavy drinkers
-METASTASIS early: to adj orfices of salivary gland ducts
-poor prognosis
-mostly: long term smokers or heavy drinkers
-METASTASIS early: to adj orfices of salivary gland ducts
-poor prognosis
SCCA: Soft Palate
-Mostly found adjacent to tonsillar pilars
-15% of intraoral carcinoma
-heavy smokers and drinkers
-METASTASIS early
-poor prognosis
-15% of intraoral carcinoma
-heavy smokers and drinkers
-METASTASIS early
-poor prognosis
SCCA: Gingiva / Alveolar Ridge
-4-6% of all intraoral carcinomas
-usually on MANDIBLE (not mx)
-bone invasion often present
-IMPORTANT for perio & DH because it can mimic periodontal disease
-usually on MANDIBLE (not mx)
-bone invasion often present
-IMPORTANT for perio & DH because it can mimic periodontal disease
SCCA: Buccal Mucosa
-1-2% of intraoral carcinomas
-lesions along occlusal line
-early: may mistake for cheek chewing
-lesions along occlusal line
-early: may mistake for cheek chewing
Field Cancerization
= more than just ONE area of the mouth is often affected by smoking and its "smoke damage"
= more than just ONE cancer may develop
-metastasis commonly occurs (cancer cells break away from site & spread to another)
-5 year survival rate for advanced lesions
= more than just ONE cancer may develop
-metastasis commonly occurs (cancer cells break away from site & spread to another)
-5 year survival rate for advanced lesions
Areas that are pretty RESISTANT of SCCA
-hard palate
-gingiva
-gingiva
Basal Cell Carcinoma
AKA: skin cancer
-common -locally destructive
-NON METASTASIZING malignancy
-composed of epith basement basal cells
-elevated papule, slowly enlarges, develops central crusty ulcer w. elevated smooth round border
-NOT on MUCOUS membranes
-ON sun exposed skin
-caused by: SUN & GENETICS (nevoid)
-common -locally destructive
-NON METASTASIZING malignancy
-composed of epith basement basal cells
-elevated papule, slowly enlarges, develops central crusty ulcer w. elevated smooth round border
-NOT on MUCOUS membranes
-ON sun exposed skin
-caused by: SUN & GENETICS (nevoid)
Squamous Cell Carcinoma
AKA: skin cancer
-common -locally destructive
-METASTASIZING malignancy
-of SKIN AND MUCOUS membs
-elevated papule/ulcer
-made of flat epith cells NOT basals
-skin, upper face, lip, ears, fair skin etc
-common -locally destructive
-METASTASIZING malignancy
-of SKIN AND MUCOUS membs
-elevated papule/ulcer
-made of flat epith cells NOT basals
-skin, upper face, lip, ears, fair skin etc
Melanoma
AKA: skin cancer, malignant melanoma
=malignant neoplasm of melanocytes
-on SKIN AND MUCOSAL membs
-radial & superficial growth period before extending into deep underlying tissues & METASTASIZING
-can develop from previous nevus
-skin melanoma= most COMMON malig of youn white males
=malignant neoplasm of melanocytes
-on SKIN AND MUCOSAL membs
-radial & superficial growth period before extending into deep underlying tissues & METASTASIZING
-can develop from previous nevus
-skin melanoma= most COMMON malig of youn white males
ABCDs for skin melanomas
A: asymmetical (not symmetric)
B: borders (irregular)
C: color (differing)
D: diameter (large than pencil eraser)
s: satellite lesions
B: borders (irregular)
C: color (differing)
D: diameter (large than pencil eraser)
s: satellite lesions
Rates of cutaneous melanoma has TRIPLED over last 40 years...WHY?!
-thinning of the ozone
-desire to be TAN
-desire to be TAN
ODONTOGENIC tumors
-are unique to the JAWS
-originate from tissue associated with TOOTH DEVELOPMENT
-originate from tissue associated with TOOTH DEVELOPMENT
1: AMELOBLASTOMA
-3 types: common/polycystic, unicystic, peripheral/extra osseous
-all 3 types are BENIGN
-origin: odontogenic EPITHELIUM
-locally AGGRESSIVE neoplasm
-resembles early odontogenesis
-all 3 types are BENIGN
-origin: odontogenic EPITHELIUM
-locally AGGRESSIVE neoplasm
-resembles early odontogenesis
1A: AMELOBLASTOMA common type
-all occur over age 25
-extensive deformities in mx and mandbile
-most common = MANDBILE (75% ramus area)
-egg shall cracking of bone
-soap bubble appearance (intraosseous)
-origin: odontogenic EPITHELIUM
-microscopic: resembles enamel organ & ameloblasts
-but are NOT DERIVED from AMELOBLTS
-extensive deformities in mx and mandbile
-most common = MANDBILE (75% ramus area)
-egg shall cracking of bone
-soap bubble appearance (intraosseous)
-origin: odontogenic EPITHELIUM
-microscopic: resembles enamel organ & ameloblasts
-but are NOT DERIVED from AMELOBLTS
1B: AMELOBLASTOMA unicystic type
-large unilocular cyst
-assoc with crown of impacted tooth
-in young person (16-20 years old)
-well demarcated, corticated (intraosseous)
-origin: odontogenic EPITHELIUM
-has relation with dentigerous cyst, dont confused the 2! must get sample TESTED!
-assoc with crown of impacted tooth
-in young person (16-20 years old)
-well demarcated, corticated (intraosseous)
-origin: odontogenic EPITHELIUM
-has relation with dentigerous cyst, dont confused the 2! must get sample TESTED!
1C: AMELOBLASTOMA peripheral type
-remebles intraosseous type, but is FOUND EXTRAOSSESOUSLY
-limited to soft tissues of gingiva
-firm, sessile nodule up to 2 cm
-bone changes: superficial saucerization
-origin: odontogenic EPITHELIUM (overlying epith or dental lamina)
tx: local excision, more conservative than others
-limited to soft tissues of gingiva
-firm, sessile nodule up to 2 cm
-bone changes: superficial saucerization
-origin: odontogenic EPITHELIUM (overlying epith or dental lamina)
tx: local excision, more conservative than others
2: ADENOMATOID odontogenic tumor
AKA: AOT
-well circumscribed, unilocular lesion
-around crowns of unerupted anteriors (impacted cuspid)
-YOUNG pts (14-15) & more in FEMALES
-differs from dentig cyst because radiolucency goes BEYOND the CEJ
-origin: odonto EPITH (reduced enam epi?)
-adenomatous look: appears glandular
-NON aggressive
-well circumscribed, unilocular lesion
-around crowns of unerupted anteriors (impacted cuspid)
-YOUNG pts (14-15) & more in FEMALES
-differs from dentig cyst because radiolucency goes BEYOND the CEJ
-origin: odonto EPITH (reduced enam epi?)
-adenomatous look: appears glandular
-NON aggressive
3: ODONTOGENIC MYXOMA
-aggressive intraosseous lesion
-mucoid ground substance with scattered, undifferentiated cells
-multilocular "soap bubble" "honeycomb"
-origin: embryonic connective tissue
-GELATINOUS = hard to excise
-mucoid ground substance with scattered, undifferentiated cells
-multilocular "soap bubble" "honeycomb"
-origin: embryonic connective tissue
-GELATINOUS = hard to excise
4: CEMENTOBLASTOMA
-well circumscribed unilocular neoplasm of cementum- like tissue growing continually with apical cementum layer
-on molar or premolar
-creates expansion & PAIN & root resorp
-peak around age 19
-origin: benign neo of CEMENTOBLASTS
-teeth remain vital, cyst fuses with root
-on molar or premolar
-creates expansion & PAIN & root resorp
-peak around age 19
-origin: benign neo of CEMENTOBLASTS
-teeth remain vital, cyst fuses with root
5: ODONTOMA
-2 types: compound (toothlets) & complex (gnarled mass of tissues)
-unilocular with opacities
-found over unerupted teeth
-contains enamel, dentin, pulp & cemen
-origin: harmartomas of benign odontogenic tissues
-morphodiffn distinguishes 2 types
-70% of all odonto tumors
-more in MAXILLA, dont recur
-unilocular with opacities
-found over unerupted teeth
-contains enamel, dentin, pulp & cemen
-origin: harmartomas of benign odontogenic tissues
-morphodiffn distinguishes 2 types
-70% of all odonto tumors
-more in MAXILLA, dont recur
About this deck
By: Rachel Sanford
Created: 2010-06-19
Size: 53 flashcards
Views: 19
Created: 2010-06-19
Size: 53 flashcards
Views: 19
About StudyBlue
STUDYBLUE makes things that make you better at school.
Things like online flashcards with photos and audio.
Things like personalized quizzes and friendly reminders about when (and what) to study next.
Think of it as a digital backpack™: access to all of your study materials online and on your phone.
STUDYBLUE exists to make studying efficient and effective for every student, for free. Join us.
“I have used this website for three exams, and I see a huge difference in my test results.”
Naj
Naj