Quiz C Masonry
Construction Science 253 with Segner at Texas A&M University
About this deck
By: Jordan Hollis
Created: 2011-06-23
Size: 40 flashcards
Views: 29
Created: 2011-06-23
Size: 40 flashcards
Views: 29
About StudyBlue
STUDYBLUE makes things that make you better at school.
Things like online flashcards with photos and audio.
Things like personalized quizzes and friendly reminders about when (and what) to study next.
Think of it as a digital backpack™: access to all of your study materials online and on your phone.
STUDYBLUE exists to make studying efficient and effective for every student, for free. Join us.
“I have used this website for three exams, and I see a huge difference in my test results.”
Naj
Naj
Sign up (free) to study this.
Terra Cotta
- Italian for "cooked earth"
- composed of aged clay to which admixtures and sand, or previously fired caly is added
Grog
previously fired clay
Surface Clays
sedimentary clays found near the surface of the earth
Shales
clays that have been subjected to high pressure until they have hardened almost to the form of slate
Fire Clays
clays found deep in the ground than the other types and having refractory qualities, making them resistant to high temps
Mining (Winning)
- raw clay taken from either open pits or underground mines
- clay is crushed to break lumps
- clay is pulverized and mixed by large grinding wheels
- clay is then screened and stored
Blending
produces more uniformity in raw clay, helps control the color of finished units
Tempering
The first step in the forming process is?
Tempering
is achieved by adding water to the clay in a mixing chamber called a pug mill, pug mill contains one or two revolving shafts with blades
Stiff mud process
- most commonly used for forming brick and clay tile
- clay is mixed with sufficient water (12-15% by weight) to produce the desired degree of plasticity
De-Airing
removes air, thus eliminating holes and bubbles, which improves the clay's plasticity and workability and results in greater strength
Die
clay is forced through here after the de airing and results in a clay column of the desired shape
Dry Press Process
- used with clay that has very low plasticity
- clay is mixed with a minimum of water (up to 10% by weight) and then formed in steel molds under pressure btwn 500-1500psi
Ceramic Glazing
the process used to produce the finish on glazed facing tile, glazed facing brick, and glazed terra cotta
High Fired Glazing
glazes are sprayed on the masonry units sometimes before and sometimes after drying
Low Fired Drying
glazes are applied after the units have been burned to maturity and cooled
Burning
the process of baking or firing dried masonry units in ovens called kilns to produce finished units
Cooling
- the process of returning the masonry units back to atmospheric temperature
- Periodic kiln 48-72hrs
- Tunnel kiln 48hrs
Periodic Kiln
the units are placed in this kiln in a pattern that permits free circulation of hot gases
Tunnel Kiln
the units are placed on special cars which pass through various temperature zones as they traverse the tunnel
Flashing
reducing atmosphere temp near the end of the burning process to produce different colors and shades of colors
Drawing
the process of unloading a kiln after cooling
Compressive Strength
- is affected by the clay, method of manufacturing, and degree of burning
- strength varies from 5000-20,000psi
Suction
- a bricks initial rate of absorption
- results from pores or small openings in the burned clay which act as capillaries to draw or suck water into the unit
- time of laying doesn't exceed 20g of water per minute
Clinker brick
the over burning of clay produces?
Clay Brick
- area of voids is less than 25% of the gross surface area
- made with frogs, cores, or cells
- Weathering grade: Severe or moderate
- purchased in thousands of brick
Modular brick size
- nominal dimensions 2-2/3" high x 4" wide x 8" long
- actual dimensions 2" high x 3-5/8" wide x 7-5/8" long (dimensions will vary)
- describes a dimension that repeats, masonry dimensional unit is 8"
Frog
an indented area on the surface of a clay masonry unit
Hollow Block CMU's
- load bearing, commonly use
- actual masonry units measure 7-5/8" wide x 7-5/8" high x 15-5/8" long
- nominal of a concrete masonry unit = 8" x 8" x 16"
Common Brick
- solid only
- red in color
- unglazed only
- modular in size only
- Severe and moderate weathering grades
- most common usage is back up brick, occasionally paving brick
- stamped with plant origin
Face Brick
- most widely used
- diff colors and textures
- SW and MW grades
- glazed or unglazed
- almost always have holes
- Type: HBX (most common), HBS, HBA, HBB
Brick Pavers/ Paving Brick
- two types: pedestrian and light vehicle traffic, heavy duty vehicle paving
- usually modular in size
- solid
- full or split pavers
- heavy, dense
- dark brown, maroon
Split Pavers
a split in the height dimension of the paver
Fire Brick/ Refractory Brick
- made from oldest, deepest, purest clay
- tan/ buff in color
- chem and phys resists effects of heat, flame, and combustion
- uses: fireplaces, kilns
- Size: 2-1/2" high x 4-1/2" wide x 9" long
Fire clay mortar
- finely powdered clay from which fire bricks are made
- fire brick is laid with this in zero clearance mortar joints
Structural Clay Tile
- used early in history
- red color
- load bearing
- used in backup role
- suitable for side or end construction
- Grades: LBX, LB
- 12" length predominates
Structural Facing Tile
- glazed or unglazed
- tan color
- load bearing or not
- side or end construction
- Types: FTX, FTS
- Grade: S-Select, SS-Select Size
- Types I & II
Hollow Clay Masonry Units
- cells or cores
- collective area of all cells must exceed 25% of the gross cross sectional are
Side Construction
tile designed with its cells laid in a horizontal plane
End Construction
tile designed with its cells laid on a vertical plane
About this deck
By: Jordan Hollis
Created: 2011-06-23
Size: 40 flashcards
Views: 29
Created: 2011-06-23
Size: 40 flashcards
Views: 29
About StudyBlue
STUDYBLUE makes things that make you better at school.
Things like online flashcards with photos and audio.
Things like personalized quizzes and friendly reminders about when (and what) to study next.
Think of it as a digital backpack™: access to all of your study materials online and on your phone.
STUDYBLUE exists to make studying efficient and effective for every student, for free. Join us.
“I have used this website for three exams, and I see a huge difference in my test results.”
Naj
Naj