Quizzes 1 and 2 for Chapter 11.doc

Quiz #1 for Chapter 11 1. D 2. D 3. A 4. D 5. C 6. C 7. B 8. C 9. A 10. C 11. C 12. D 13. D 14. B 15. C Hockenbury, Discovering Psych 4e Ch 11 Quiz 1 completed Total score: 15 out of 15, 100% Top of Form HTMLCONTROL Forms.HTML:Hidden.1 HTMLCONTROL Forms.HTML:Hidden.1 HTMLCONTROL Forms.HTML:Hidden.1 HTMLCONTROL Forms.HTML:Hidden.1 HTMLCONTROL Forms.HTML:Hidden.1 HTMLCONTROL Forms.HTML:Hidden.1 HTMLCONTROL Forms.HTML:Hidden.1 1. The front page of the newspaper has a story about a man wearing a clerical collar who robbed several people in their homes and escaped. That the victims readily allowed the man to enter their home shows the potential disadvantages of relying on: HTMLCONTROL Forms.HTML:Option.1 a. the just-world hypothesis. HTMLCONTROL Forms.HTML:Option.1 b. deindividuation. HTMLCONTROL Forms.HTML:Option.1 c. self-serving bias. HTMLCONTROL Forms.HTML:Option.1 d. social categories. 1 out of 1 Correct! 2. As you slowly inch your way toward the intersection, you finally see the auto accident that was stalling traffic. As you look at the two drivers standing by their crumpled cars, you think to yourself, ?They probably had the accident because they?re careless drivers.? Your thinking reflects which of the following concepts? HTMLCONTROL Forms.HTML:Option.1 a. deindividuation HTMLCONTROL Forms.HTML:Option.1 b. the self-effacing bias HTMLCONTROL Forms.HTML:Option.1 c. cognitive dissonance HTMLCONTROL Forms.HTML:Option.1 d. the fundamental attribution error 1 out of 1 Correct! 3. Which of the following is a common attributional bias? HTMLCONTROL Forms.HTML:Option.1 a. actor-observer discrepancy HTMLCONTROL Forms.HTML:Option.1 b. cognitive dissonance HTMLCONTROL Forms.HTML:Option.1 c. deindividuation HTMLCONTROL Forms.HTML:Option.1 d. diffusion of responsibility 1 out of 1 Correct! 4. Researchers Michael Morris and Kaiping Peng compared Chinese versus American newspaper reports of two different mass murders. Morris and Peng found that: HTMLCONTROL Forms.HTML:Option.1 a. the reporters wrote very little about the story if the murderer was not of the same nationality as the reporter. HTMLCONTROL Forms.HTML:Option.1 b. Chinese and American reporters both tended to emphasize situational, external factors in explaining the behavior of each murderer. HTMLCONTROL Forms.HTML:Option.1 c. if the murderer was of the same nationality as the reporter, the reporter was much more likely to display the just-world hypothesis in writing the story. HTMLCONTROL Forms.HTML:Option.1 d. American reporters were more likely than the Chinese reports to emphasize personal, internal attributes in explaining the actions of the murderer, such as the person?s ?bad temper? or ?history of being mentally unstable.? 1 out of 1 Correct! 5. Howard explained the low evaluation he received on his job performance review by saying that his boss was a jerk and had it in for him. Howard appears to be engaging in: HTMLCONTROL Forms.HTML:Option.1 a. the just-world hypothesis. HTMLCONTROL Forms.HTML:Option.1 b. cognitive dissonance. HTMLCONTROL Forms.HTML:Option.1 c. the self-serving bias. HTMLCONTROL Forms.HTML:Option.1 d. in-group bias. 1 out of 1 Correct! 6. Jeff strongly believes that endangered species should be protected. But he is offered a job with a company that intends to develop a parcel of land, destroying one of the few remaining habitats of an endangered species of earthworm. Which of the following circumstances would make it more likely that Jeff would behave in accordance with his attitude and REFUSE the job offer? HTMLCONTROL Forms.HTML:Option.1 a. Jeff?s parents tell him to take the job. HTMLCONTROL Forms.HTML:Option.1 b. The job pays a high salary and offers valuable experience. HTMLCONTROL Forms.HTML:Option.1 c. Jeff knows a great deal about the endangered earthworm species. HTMLCONTROL Forms.HTML:Option.1 d. Jeff does not feel very strongly about earthworms, endangered or otherwise. 1 out of 1 Correct! 7. Cognitive dissonance occurs when: HTMLCONTROL Forms.HTML:Option.1 a. two different racial or social groups are in conflict. HTMLCONTROL Forms.HTML:Option.1 b. two thoughts or perceptions are inconsistent. HTMLCONTROL Forms.HTML:Option.1 c. the in-group and the out-group are comprised of the same people. HTMLCONTROL Forms.HTML:Option.1 d. you are easily able to justify your actions. 1 out of 1 Correct! 8. When Susan learned that infants in Mayan families in Guatemala often sleep in their mother?s bed until the child is two or three years old, she expressed her surprise that the Mayan culture was so ?backward? compared to American culture. Susan?s views are a good example of ____. HTMLCONTROL Forms.HTML:Option.1 a. normative social influence HTMLCONTROL Forms.HTML:Option.1 b. cognitive dissonance HTMLCONTROL Forms.HTML:Option.1 c. ethnocentrism HTMLCONTROL Forms.HTML:Option.1 d. the just-world hypothesis 1 out of 1 Correct! 9. The ?Robbers Cave Experiment? showed that an effective way to reduce prejudice and tension between members of different groups was to: HTMLCONTROL Forms.HTML:Option.1 a. create a situation in which members of different groups cooperate to achieve a common goal. HTMLCONTROL Forms.HTML:Option.1 b. set up competitive situations in which members of different groups can demonstrate their expertise. HTMLCONTROL Forms.HTML:Option.1 c. provide opportunities for members of different groups to socialize. HTMLCONTROL Forms.HTML:Option.1 d. force members of different groups to have contact with one another in a stressful situation, in this case an underground cave. 1 out of 1 Correct! 10. Normative social influence results from people?s desire to: HTMLCONTROL Forms.HTML:Option.1 a. reduce cognitive dissonance. HTMLCONTROL Forms.HTML:Option.1 b. be anonymous. HTMLCONTROL Forms.HTML:Option.1 c. be liked and accepted by others. HTMLCONTROL Forms.HTML:Option.1 d. exercise authority. 1 out of 1 Correct! 11. In Milgram?s original experiment: HTMLCONTROL Forms.HTML:Option.1 a. the boys were divided into two groups called ?The Eagles? and ?The Rattlers.? HTMLCONTROL Forms.HTML:Option.1 b. all of the students in the room, except for the one that was the real subject, were actually working with the experimenter. HTMLCONTROL Forms.HTML:Option.1 c. the subject assigned to the ?teacher? role was the only person to actually receive an electric shock. HTMLCONTROL Forms.HTML:Option.1 d. people passing by on the street were less likely to help the woman if they thought the man arguing with her was her husband. 1 out of 1 Correct! 12. In Milgram?s original obedience experiment, how many of the participants remained obedient to the very end of the experiment? HTMLCONTROL Forms.HTML:Option.1 a. None HTMLCONTROL Forms.HTML:Option.1 b. 5 out of 25, or one-fifth HTMLCONTROL Forms.HTML:Option.1 c. Ninety-five percent HTMLCONTROL Forms.HTML:Option.1 d. 26 out of 40, or two-thirds 1 out of 1 Correct! 13. Diffusion of responsibility: HTMLCONTROL Forms.HTML:Option.1 a. is another name for the out-group homogeneity effect. HTMLCONTROL Forms.HTML:Option.1 b. is one of the key reasons that bystanders will help a stranger. HTMLCONTROL Forms.HTML:Option.1 c. was the tactic used to reduce the hostility between the two groups of boys at Robbers Cave State Park. HTMLCONTROL Forms.HTML:Option.1 d. plays a key role in explaining the bystander effect. 1 out of 1 Correct! 14. Which of the following was one of the factors that seemed to help explain why no one helped Kitty Genovese? HTMLCONTROL Forms.HTML:Option.1 a. Each bystander thought that he or she was the only witness to the crime that was occurring. HTMLCONTROL Forms.HTML:Option.1 b. Some of the bystanders interpreted the situation as a lovers? quarrel or a domestic dispute. HTMLCONTROL Forms.HTML:Option.1 c. The crime occurred in a small town. HTMLCONTROL Forms.HTML:Option.1 d. Because the bystanders all knew Kitty Genovese, they thought that she could handle the situation on her own. 1 out of 1 Correct! 15. Many fund-raising organizations send free, personalized return address labels to people as part of their strategy to get people to donate money to their particular organization. This persuasion strategy is an example of _____. HTMLCONTROL Forms.HTML:Option.1 a. the rule of commitment HTMLCONTROL Forms.HTML:Option.1 b. low-ball technique HTMLCONTROL Forms.HTML:Option.1 c. the rule of reciprocity HTMLCONTROL Forms.HTML:Option.1 d. social facilitation 1 out of 1 Correct! Bottom of Form Quiz #2 for Chapter 11 1. D 2. C 3. D 4. C 5. A 6. C 7. D 8. A 9. C 10. A 11. B 12. D 13. A 14. C 15. D Hockenbury, Discovering Psych 4e Ch 11 Quiz 2 completed Total score: 15 out of 15, 100% Top of Form HTMLCONTROL Forms.HTML:Hidden.1 HTMLCONTROL Forms.HTML:Hidden.1 HTMLCONTROL Forms.HTML:Hidden.1 HTMLCONTROL Forms.HTML:Hidden.1 HTMLCONTROL Forms.HTML:Hidden.1 HTMLCONTROL Forms.HTML:Hidden.1 HTMLCONTROL Forms.HTML:Hidden.1 1. A major area of interest in psychology is called social psychology. Social psychologists study how: HTMLCONTROL Forms.HTML:Option.1 a. individuals and groups create political, economic, and sociological changes. HTMLCONTROL Forms.HTML:Option.1 b. humans and nonhuman animals form interdependent communities or colonies. HTMLCONTROL Forms.HTML:Option.1 c. humans and nonhuman animals communicate in their natural group settings. HTMLCONTROL Forms.HTML:Option.1 d. people think, feel, and behave in a variety of social situations. 1 out of 1 Correct! 2. Having recently moved to the United States from Guatemala to attend college, Jose notices that people often back up a couple of steps when he is talking to them. As he is eating lunch in the student cafeteria, he casually watches the interactions of Americans who are standing. Suddenly it dawns on him: When people in the United States converse they don?t stand as close as they do in Guatemala. Jose?s observations seem to indicate that distance apart while conversing is governed by different cultural: HTMLCONTROL Forms.HTML:Option.1 a. deindividuations. HTMLCONTROL Forms.HTML:Option.1 b. stereotypes. HTMLCONTROL Forms.HTML:Option.1 c. social norms. HTMLCONTROL Forms.HTML:Option.1 d. cognitive dissonances. 1 out of 1 Correct! 3. Joey and Ross were good friends. Joey was a very handsome guy and Ross was a homely, nerdy-looking guy. Joey is likely to be perceived by other people as being _____than Ross. HTMLCONTROL Forms.HTML:Option.1 a. happier HTMLCONTROL Forms.HTML:Option.1 b. better adjusted HTMLCONTROL Forms.HTML:Option.1 c. more intelligent HTMLCONTROL Forms.HTML:Option.1 d. All of the above. 1 out of 1 Correct! 4. For thirty years, the community of Wichita, Kansas, was haunted ? and taunted ? by a serial killer who dubbed himself the ?BTK killer,? which stood for ?bind, torture, kill.? In February of 2005, a break in the case came when Wichita police arrested Dennis Rader, age 59, a city inspector, former Boy Scout leader, and church council president who was married with two adult children. Based on what you learned in the social psychology chapter, which of the following statements explains how Rader escaped detection for so many years? HTMLCONTROL Forms.HTML:Option.1 a. Strong feelings of ethnocentrism convinced people that the BTK killer was someone from outside their community. HTMLCONTROL Forms.HTML:Option.1 b. Diffusion of responsibility allowed people to psychologically distance themselves from the people murdered by BTK. HTMLCONTROL Forms.HTML:Option.1 c. Rader contradicted the implicit personality theory that people have for a serial killer. HTMLCONTROL Forms.HTML:Option.1 d. People have a strong, natural tendency to blame the victims for contributing to their fate rather than the person who murdered them. 1 out of 1 Correct! 5. As Nina and Erin were eating lunch in the Central High School student cafeteria, they were discussing the news coverage about the girls? athletic coach being arrested for selling steroids to student athletes. ?I think the guy just did it because they don?t pay teachers enough money,? Nina suggested. ?I bet the guy had some other kind of drug addiction he was trying to pay for,? Erin countered. Nina and Erin?s ideas about the cause of the coach?s drug-selling behavior are examples of: HTMLCONTROL Forms.HTML:Option.1 a. attributions. HTMLCONTROL Forms.HTML:Option.1 b. deindividuation. HTMLCONTROL Forms.HTML:Option.1 c. normative social influence. HTMLCONTROL Forms.HTML:Option.1 d. cognitive dissonance. 1 out of 1 Correct! 6. ?I can?t believe that people would be so stupid as to build a house on the edge of cliff like that,? Owen said as he looked at the news footage of the wrecked expensive homes at the bottom of the muddy hillside collapse. Owen?s response illustrates an attributional pattern called: HTMLCONTROL Forms.HTML:Option.1 a. the rule of reciprocity. HTMLCONTROL Forms.HTML:Option.1 b. diffusion of responsibility. HTMLCONTROL Forms.HTML:Option.1 c. blaming the victim. HTMLCONTROL Forms.HTML:Option.1 d. deindividuation. 1 out of 1 Correct! 7. The tendency to blame oneself for one?s failures, attributing them to internal, personal causes, while downplaying one?s successes by attributing them to external, situational causes, is called: HTMLCONTROL Forms.HTML:Option.1 a. the self-serving bias. HTMLCONTROL Forms.HTML:Option.1 b. blaming the victim. HTMLCONTROL Forms.HTML:Option.1 c. the just-world hypothesis. HTMLCONTROL Forms.HTML:Option.1 d. the self-effacing, or modesty, bias. 1 out of 1 Correct! 8. Because of his deep concerns about the effects of global warming, Riley took part in a protest demonstration in front of the hotel where the head of the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency was making a speech to an annual meeting of coal producers. This example best illustrates the _____ component of attitudes. HTMLCONTROL Forms.HTML:Option.1 a. behavioral HTMLCONTROL Forms.HTML:Option.1 b. emotional HTMLCONTROL Forms.HTML:Option.1 c. biological HTMLCONTROL Forms.HTML:Option.1 d. cognitive 1 out of 1 Correct! 9. On numerous occasions in the past, Destiny had strongly advocated alternative energy sources and less reliance on Mideast gas-producing nations. So, her friend Sara was surprised to see Destiny drive up in a huge Hummer SUV when they met for lunch. ?So, Destiny, how do you guys like your new Hummer?? Sara nonchalantly asked, glancing out the restaurant window at the huge vehicle in the parking lot. Without so much as a moment?s hesitation, Destiny casually replied, ?You know, we really needed a bigger vehicle to haul the kids and all their soccer stuff around. And, I sure don?t have any problems fitting all the grocery sacks in the back!? Destiny?s change in attitude to match her behavior reflects which of the following concepts? HTMLCONTROL Forms.HTML:Option.1 a. self-serving bias HTMLCONTROL Forms.HTML:Option.1 b. out-group homogeneity effect HTMLCONTROL Forms.HTML:Option.1 c. cognitive dissonance HTMLCONTROL Forms.HTML:Option.1 d. diffusion of responsibility 1 out of 1 Correct! 10. ?I don?t care what kind of lawyer he is! I can?t believe that Mia is going to marry a lawyer! They?re all just money-grubbing, bloodless, leeches. You know what you call an honest lawyer? An impossibility!? Kathy laughed. Kathy?s view that all lawyers share the same qualities is an example of: HTMLCONTROL Forms.HTML:Option.1 a. the out-group homogeneity effect. HTMLCONTROL Forms.HTML:Option.1 b. the fundamental attribution error. HTMLCONTROL Forms.HTML:Option.1 c. deindividuation. HTMLCONTROL Forms.HTML:Option.1 d. ethnocentrism. 1 out of 1 Correct! 11. A technique used to promote cooperation that involves students working together in small, ethnically diverse groups on a mutual project is called the _____ technique. HTMLCONTROL Forms.HTML:Option.1 a. out-group homogeneity HTMLCONTROL Forms.HTML:Option.1 b. jigsaw classroom HTMLCONTROL Forms.HTML:Option.1 c. diffusion of responsibility HTMLCONTROL Forms.HTML:Option.1 d. social facilitation 1 out of 1 Correct! 12. Even though it had been billed as a ?one of the most delightfully funny Broadway plays every produced,? Michael thought the jokes were corny, the actors were too mechanical in delivering their lines, and the singing was mediocre. However, at the conclusion of the play, Michael reluctantly stood up with the rest of the audience to join in the standing ovation. Michael?s behavior clearly illustrates: HTMLCONTROL Forms.HTML:Option.1 a. obedience. HTMLCONTROL Forms.HTML:Option.1 b. social loafing. HTMLCONTROL Forms.HTML:Option.1 c. deindividuation. HTMLCONTROL Forms.HTML:Option.1 d. conformity. 1 out of 1 Correct! 13. Informational social influence results from people?s desire to: HTMLCONTROL Forms.HTML:Option.1 a. be correct and gain accurate information. HTMLCONTROL Forms.HTML:Option.1 b. be liked and accepted by the group. HTMLCONTROL Forms.HTML:Option.1 c. avoid deindividuation. HTMLCONTROL Forms.HTML:Option.1 d. gain social approval. 1 out of 1 Correct! 14. Your text discussed several factors that seemed to have contributed to the abuse of Iraqi prisoners at the Abu Ghraib prison. Which of the following was NOT a factor that contributed to the mistreatment of prisoners? HTMLCONTROL Forms.HTML:Option.1 a. conformity HTMLCONTROL Forms.HTML:Option.1 b. prejudice and stereotyping HTMLCONTROL Forms.HTML:Option.1 c. altruism HTMLCONTROL Forms.HTML:Option.1 d. cognitive dissonance 1 out of 1 Correct! 15. Today, over 8 million people live in New York City and, on average, about 500 people are murdered in the city every year. So why did the late-night murder of a rather ordinary young woman named Kitty Genovese become so famous and lead to hundreds of psychological studies? HTMLCONTROL Forms.HTML:Option.1 a. because the other subway passengers overreacted in killing the unarmed, mentally ill young woman HTMLCONTROL Forms.HTML:Option.1 b. because Genovese sacrificed herself to keep two children she didn?t know from being hurt HTMLCONTROL Forms.HTML:Option.1 c. because the six youths involved drew for the highest card to see who would get to kill the next person who walked down the street HTMLCONTROL Forms.HTML:Option.1 d. because over thirty people witnessed Genovese?s murder and did nothing to help her 1 out of 1 Correct! Bottom of Form Perception licensed to Bedford, Freeman & Worth Publishing Group