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- Rutgers University - New Brunswick/Piscataway
- Biological Sciences
- Biological Sciences 102
- Uzwiak
- Structural Organization-- Tissues
Structural Organization-- Tissues
Biological Sciences 102 with Uzwiak at Rutgers University - New Brunswick/Piscataway
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What are the four types of tissues?
1. Nervous
2. Muscle
3. Epithelial
4. Connective
What are the two types of cells involved in Nervous tissue?
1. Neurons (chemical and electrical transmission of information)
2. Glia (support and repair)
What is the primary function of nervous tissues?
Information processing and generation
What is primary function of muscle tissues?
Contraction to generate force
What is the primary function of epithelial tissues?
To cover exposed surfaces
What is the primary function of connective tissue?
Structure and support
What are the three types of muscle cells?
1. Smooth
2. Cardiac
3. Skeletal
What are the five types of epithelial cells?
1. Squamous
2. Cuboidal
3. Columnar
4. Transitional
5. Glandular
What are the six types of Connective cells?
1. Fibroblasts
2. White blood cells
3. Mast cells
4. Plasma cells
5. Macrophages
6. Adipocytes
What types of fibers are present in connective tissue?
1. Collagen
2. Reticular
3. Elastic
What are the two types are fiber cells present in epithelial cells?
1. Basement
2. Membrane
Are there fibers in Nervous and Muscle cells?
minimal
Describe Skeletal Muscle
1. Striated
2. Multinucleated
3. Voluntary control
Describe Smooth muscle
1. Non-striated
2. Uninucleated
3. no voluntary control
Describe Cardiac muscle
1. Striated
2. Intercalated disks
3. No voluntary control
4. branched-- electrically connected to the next cell.
What are the four functions of epithelial cells?
1. Protection (inner world from outer)
2. Absorption
3. Filtration
4. Secretion
Are Epithelial cells tightly or loosely packed?
Tightly- limited extracellular material
In epithelial cells, what are the two cell connections utilized?
1. Tight junctions (holds cells so close together, no fluid passes between cells)
2. Desmosomes (attaches cells mechanically; attaches membrane with spaces between them so fluid can pass)
What is the organization of epithelial cells?
1. Apical surface in contact with fluid or air
2. Basal cell layer in contact with basement membrane
Describe the relationship between epithelial cells and connective tissue
All epithelial sheets are supported by connective tissue
Reticular lamina (layer of connective tissue deep to the basement lamina)
Basement lamina+ Reticular lamina= Basement membrane
True or false: Epithelial cells are Vascular?
False
Epithelial cells are avascular and contain no blood cells
True or false: Epithelial cells are innervated?
True- they receive no nervous innervation
True or false: Epithelial cells are not regenerative?
False
Epithelial cells are HIGHLY regenerative; this is why they are susceptible to cancer
What type of epithelial tissue is nonglandular?
1. Simple Squamous
2. Simple Cuboidal
3. Simple columnar
4. Simple Pseudostratified
5. Stratified squamous
6. Stratified Cuboidal
7. Stratified columnar
8. stratified transitional
What type of epithelial tissue is glandular?
1. Unicellular Goblet cells
2. Simple Tubular (straight, coiled, and branched)
3. Simple Alveolar (simple and branched)
4. Compound tubular
5. Compound alveolar
6. Compound tubuloalveolar
What is the shape of a squamous cell? it's nucleus?
Flattened and scale like
Disc shaped
What is the shape of a Cuboidal cell? it's nucleus?
Box like - as tall as it is wide
Spherical
What is the shape of a columnar nucleus?
Elongated from top to bottom
Discuss stratified squamous cells.
Layers have varying types of cells; named for apical layer
Discuss the function and location of simple squamous cells.
1. function: diffusion and filtration
2. Location: endothelium (lining of lymphatic system) and mesothelium (serous membrane lining of ventral body cavity)
What is the function of simple cuboidal cells?
Secretion and absorption
What functions, location and modifications do simple columnar cells have?
1. Function: Secretion and Absorption
2. Location: digestive tract
3. Modifications: dense microvilli on apical surface and goblet cells that secrete protective lubricant
Describe pseudostratified cells-- modifications, functions and appearance.
1. Single layer of cells that vary in height
2. Only tallest reach apical surface
3. Nuclei are located at different heights
4. Functions include absorption and secretion
5. Modifications: ciliated with mucous cells (these trap matter and cilia propel matter out)
Describe stratified epithelial cells.
1. Two or more cell layers
2. Regenerate from below via mitotic division
3. Durable
4. Protection
Describe stratified squamous cells.
1. Surface cells are squamous
2. Deep layersa re often cuboidal
3. Often located in areas of deep abrasion (Ie. external surface of the body-- keratinized)
4. Surface cells are flattened and atrophied
Where do you find stratified cuboidal and columnar cells ?
They are RARELY seen
Where would one find transitional tissue?
1. The lining of the urinary organs because they organs need to stretch
Describe the cell organization of transitional cells.
1. Basal surface is cuboidal or columnar
2. Apical surface is Stretched (rounded and dome like) or unstretched (flattened like squamous cells)
3. Cell layers have six layers when they are unstretched and 3 layers when they are stretched
Define the term gland.
Consists of one or more cells that make and secrete a particular product
Define the term secretion.
Refers to both the aqueous product of glandular cells an the process of making that product (formation involves active processes--> made in the ER, packaged in the Golgi, secreted by exocytosis)
How are exocrine and endocrine different?
Exocrine- secret via ducts onto body surfaces or cavities
Endocrine- Ductless and secrete directly into extracellular space
About this deck
About StudyBlue
STUDYBLUE makes things that make you better at school.
Things like online flashcards with photos and audio.
Things like personalized quizzes and friendly reminders about when (and what) to study next.
Think of it as a digital backpack™: access to all of your study materials online and on your phone.
STUDYBLUE exists to make studying efficient and effective for every student, for free. Join us.
“I have used this website for three exams, and I see a huge difference in my test results.”
Naj
Naj