Study Guide #4
Geography 1040 with Becker at University of Wisconsin - Platteville
About this deck
By: Andrea Nettesheim
Textbook:
Geosystems: An Introduction to Physical Geography (6th Edition)
Created: 2009-04-30
Size: 70 flashcards
Views: 19
Textbook:
Geosystems: An Introduction to Physical Geography (6th Edition)Created: 2009-04-30
Size: 70 flashcards
Views: 19
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PreCambrian, what amount of Earth's History?
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?old
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?middle
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65.5 mya
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Inner
Core (solid Iron and Nickel, 13.5 g/cm3), Outer
Core (liquid Iron and Nickel, 10.7 g/cm3), Core-Mantle
Boundary = Gutenberg Discontinuity, Mesosphere
(lower and middle Mantle, 5.0-5.5 g/cm3, plastic-like), Asthenosphere (upper mantle, 3.3
g/cm3, even softer than Mesosphere), Crust-Mantle
Boundary = Mohorovi?i? iscontinity = ?moho?
Lithosphere outer rocky layer, equals crust plus a little bit of the upper mantle, averages 43
miles thick)
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not
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Hypothesis
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The temperature of
the Guttenberg disc
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controls
the rate of convection in the fluid outer core = strength of the field
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Clastic
= rock fragments cemented together
Ex.
Sandstone, shale
Chemical
= precipitated out of water
Ex.
Limestone, salt
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Regional
? of great areal extent, the size of a mtn range
Generally
foliated = minerals aligned in a plane
Contact
? of limited areal extent, the size of a single mtn
Generally
non-foliated = random orientation
Normal
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Shale
(sed rock) ?
Normal
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slate
? schist ? gneiss
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Alfred
Wagener ? 1912 ? ?Continental Drift? Weak
explanation
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Suggested
continents plow through the oceanic crust
Impossible and
people knew it even then = they laughed at him and threw the baby out with the
bathwater, the good with the bad, he was more correct then them, he just could
explain how it happens that cont?s move.
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Then
mid-ocean ridges are discovered, what found?
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the identical magnetic patterns on either
side of the ridge crests are noted, the
rocks get older as you move away from the crests
= new crust is being
created here, but the Earth isn?t expanding
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3+ recording locations
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you can determine
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at deep-sea
trenches and continue down under island arcs, defining a sloping plane.= Subduction Zones!
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the denser one is
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Continent
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Marshfield/Superior collide with X, forming?
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the
Baraboo Mtns (smaller than the Penokean) 1.65 bya
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metamorphosing
the red SS into the red / purple / pink Baraboo Quartzite that we saw at Devils
Lake
Normal
0
false
false
false
EN-US
X-NONE
X-NONE
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How Rocks Deform
Normal
0
false
false
false
EN-US
X-NONE
X-NONE
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Tension,
Normal
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false
false
false
EN-US
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Compression,
Normal
0
false
false
false
EN-US
X-NONE
X-NONE
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Shear
Tension leads to?
Normal
0
false
false
false
EN-US
X-NONE
X-NONE
MicrosoftInternetExplorer4
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Thins or Normal
Fault
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0
false
false
false
EN-US
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Compression leads to?
Normal
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false
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false
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When
will Yellowstone erupt again?
Anytime
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What
would a Yellowstone eruption be like?
100,000s would die, so much ash block out sun, cool earth and food wars
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How many volcanoes are in the US?
165
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How dangerous are the volcanoes in the US?
18 very high threat, 36 high threat
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How are volcanoes monitored?
seismometers that continually send radio info regarding any swelling or cracking
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What was the most devastating volcanic
eruption in the past 150 years?
Krakatoa in Dutch East Indies
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How far away was the Krakatoa eruption heard?
3,000 miles away
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By
how much did the Krakatoa eruption cool the world?
two degrees Fahrenheit
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The
rupture of rock creates?
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Physical/Mechanical Weathering
physical disintegration of rock material without changing its chemical properties
Regolith?
area of heterogeneous material covering solid rock
Joint
refers to a fracture in rock where there has been no lateral movement in the plane of the fracture (up, down or sideways) of one side relative to the other
Fracture
any local separation or discontinuity plane in a geologic formation, such as a joint or a fault that divides the rock into two or more pieces. Fractures are commonly caused by stress exceeding the rock strength
Fault
a planar fracture
in rock in which the rock on one side of the fracture has moved with
respect to the rock on the other side. Large faults within the Earth's crust are the result of differential or shear motion and active fault zones are the causal locations of most earthquakes
in rock in which the rock on one side of the fracture has moved with
respect to the rock on the other side. Large faults within the Earth's crust are the result of differential or shear motion and active fault zones are the causal locations of most earthquakes
About this deck
By: Andrea Nettesheim
Textbook: Geosystems: An Introduction to Physical Geography (6th Edition)
Created: 2009-04-30
Size: 70 flashcards
Views: 19
Textbook:
Geosystems: An Introduction to Physical Geography (6th Edition)Created: 2009-04-30
Size: 70 flashcards
Views: 19
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