Study Guide for test 1 GEOG..docx

Study Guide for test #1 which will be on Tuesday, September 9, and will cover chapters 1, 2, and 3.    The questions are about: 1)  What is the increasing interconnectedness of people and places through converging processes of economic, political, and cultural change (p. 1 of the textbook)? Globalization 2)  What are the ten countries with the world's highest population (Table 1.1)? 4 countries going to be on the test and we figure out which one isn?t part of the list: China India US Indonesia Brazil Pakistan Bangladesh Russia Nigeria Japan 3)  Most people who migrate are moving to what type of area (p. 10)? Cities urban 4)  What is the Rate of Natural Increase (p. 11)? Birth ? Death = RNI 5)  What are population pyramids and why do we use them (fig. 1.14)? show men and women and break into age groups? see a country if its growing or if it is shrinking or has a slow growth 6)  What is the average number of children borne by a statistically average woman (p. 11)? Total Fertility rate 2.8 7)  Which factors influence life expectancy (p. 11-12)? War, health services, Nutrition, disease, accident rates, pollution, homicide rates 8)  What is the Demographic Transition (p. 12)? Stage 1: death and birth both high Stage 2: Death rates decrease and birth rates increase Stage 3: Birth rate declines Stage 4: Birth and death rates are low 9)  What is Cricket (Fig. 1.24) sport (british) some countries like India and Pakistan play it cultural syncretism or hybridization 10)  Match the language family with the country where it is dominant (Fig. 1.25).     A)  Afro-Asiatic (Arabic)     B)  Altaic (Turkish, Mongolian)     C)  Austronesian (Malay-Indonesian)     D)  Indo-European (English, Spanish)     E)  Sino-Tibetan (Mandarin) 11)  What and where are examples of a lingua franca (p. 19)? A third language that is adopted by people who can?t speak other languages 12)  Match the religion with the country where it is dominant (Fig. 1.27 & p. 20-22).     A)  Sunni Islam north Africa Saudi turkey     B)  Eastern Orthodox Russia Greece     C)  Roman Catholic latin America and europe     D)  Shiite Islam iran     E)  Hinduism india 13)  What are universalizing vs. ethnic religions (p. 20)? Universalizing Christianity Buddhism Islam want to spread and ethnic don?t seek converts Judaism Hinduism 14)  What is asymmetrical warfare (p. 23)? Describes the differences between a super-power?s military technology and strategy, and the lower level technology. 15) What is a nation?  What is a state?  What is a nation-state (p. 23-24)? Nation: large people who share numerous cultural Elements State: A political entity with territorial boundaries recognized internally governed Nation-State: A cultural group with fully and political territory Japan 16)  What is the formal establishment of governmental rule over a foreign population (p. 24)? Colonialism 17)  What does GNI measure (p. 28)? Gross National Income 18) What is the difference between weather and climate (p. 33-35)? Weather: is daily how hot? climate is long term average 9wat u expect in a certain region) 19)  What is a climograph (p. 35)? Graph that shows average rainfalls and precipitation from high tem and low temp for 12 months of year 20) What is the natural process of Earth's atmosphere heating through the trapping of reradiated infrared radiation called (p. 36)? Green House effect 21) What is the primary reason for the increase in greenhouse gases during the last 150 years (p. 36)? Human activities connected with economic development 22)  What are the greenhouse gases (p. 36-37)? Carbon dioxide, methane, nitrous oxide, chlorofluorocarbons 23)  What are some likely effects of global warming (p. 37)? Increase in average temp around world, climate change shifts in agricultural, areas decrease in grain products, increase in sea level 24)  Match the bioregion with its description (p. 39-43 & 52).     A)  tropical rainforest: near equator     B)  temperate forest: evergreen (pine, harwood)     C)  prairie/steppe: grasslands     D)  desert: dry, little rain     E)  tundra: northern coldest region, no trees, little shrubs, reindeer 25)  What are the main causes of deforestation of tropical forests (p. 40-41)? Globalization of Timber industry, replacements of forests with cattle industry, growing population 26)  What is the spread of desert-like conditions (p. 42)? Desertification 27)  How has the Green Revolution allowed food production to keep pace with increasing populations (p. 43-44)? Mixed crops, fast growing foods, pesticides 28) Globalization is causing worldwide dietary preferences for what kind of food (p. 45)? Beef/ meat 29)  What characterizes the postindustrial economies of Canada and the U.S. (p. 47-48)? Modern technology, innovative financial and info services 30)  How was the Salton Sea formed (p. 48-49)? Accident, take water from river then leaked out 31)  Which of the following products is native to North America:  wheat, cattle, corn, horses (p. 50)? 32)  What and where is acid rain (p. 50)? Industrial produced Sulfur dioxide and nitrogen oxides in the atmosphere that damages forests, poison lakes and kill fish. Eastern part of US, pollution from factories 33)  What is the largest settlement agglomeration in the US, consisting of Washington, DC, Baltimore, Philadelphia, New York City, and Boston called (p. 55)? Megalopolis 34)  How could North America's population settlement pattern be described (fig. 3.10)? cities 35)  What is North America's fastest growing major metropolitan area (p. 56-57 and Fig. 3.13)? Las Vegas 36)  What is it called when metropolitan areas sprawl outwards and suburbs take on many characteristics of traditional downtowns (p. 58)? Urban decentralization (tysons corner) 37)  What does gentrification mean (p. 59)? People w/ money go to poor town kick em out fix building and sell 38) What is the unique settlement pattern found along Canada?s St. Lawrence River? LONG LOTS 39)  How have farms changed in the rural landscape in recent years (p. 60)? Bigger farms fewer people working more corporate farms less family farms 40)  Match the dates of migration to the U.S. with the original region of most of people who migrated then (p. 61-62 & fig. 3.20)     A)  before 1820 English and west africans     B)  1820 ? 1870 Northwest Europeans     C)  1870 ? 1920 East and south Europeans     D)  1920 ? 1970 canadians and latin americans     E)  since 1970 asians and latin americans 41) Which three countries signed the North American Free Trade Agreement (p. 67)? Canda US Mexico 42)  Which province tried (in 1980) unsuccessfully to secede from Canada (p. 69)? Quebec 43)  What is Canada's Inuit population's self-governing territory in a cultural homeland called (p. 69)? Nunavut (northern canda) 44)  Match the sector of the sectoral transformation with its type of job (p. 73).     A)  primary: Mining and farming (natural resources extraction)     B)  secondary: manufacturing and industrial     C)  tertiary: services     D)  quaternary: information processing 45)  What are the rural poor regions of North America (p. 75)? Appalachian Mountains, the deep south, Navaho, Scandinavians 46)  Where is the Midwest? Chicago is not in the Midwest, Past Mississippi river 47)  Where is Denver? Colorado 48)   South Ossetia and North Ossetia are in which country/countries (news)? Georgia and Russia 49)   In the northern hemisphere, places hit by which side of a northward-moving hurricane suffer the most wind damage (news)? Eastern side 50)    The Prime Minister of which country recently announced a State of Emergency? Thailand