Subcutaneous Mycoses
Microbiology, Immunology, And Molecular Genetics 522 with Arvidson at Michigan State University
About this deck
By: Sandi Raehtz
Created: 2012-04-04
Size: 30 flashcards
Views: 65
Created: 2012-04-04
Size: 30 flashcards
Views: 65
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Sporothrix schenckii causes what kind of infection?
Lymphocutaneous Sporotichosis
Where is lymphocutaneous sporotrichosis infection more prevalent? How is it transmitted?
-Sporadic in warmer climates
-Forest work, mining, gardening
-Ubiquitous to soil and decaying vegetation
-Transmitted via traumatic inoculation
Describe the lesions present in lymphocutaneous sporotrichosis
-Chronic
-Nodular
-Ulcerative
-Develop along the lymphatics that drain the primary site of inoculation
-Dissemination is RARE
Sporothrix schenckii is dimorphic. Describe its appearance at RT and 37C
*RT: MOLD
-Septate, hyaline (pale-staining), conidophores look like daisy petals
*37C: PLEIOMORPHIC YEAST
-Cigar shaped, may be budding, Splendor-Hoeppli, suppurative (PMNs), granulomatous (giant cells)
Describe a Splendore-Hoeppli formation
Eosinophilic formation that surrounds fungal cells due to an Ag-Ab reaction
-AKA asteroid body because of how it looks
What is the treatment for lymphocutaneous sporotrichosis?
-Oral potassium iodid in saturated solution
-Itraconazole
-Terbinafine
-Fluconazole
What are the distinguishing features of Sporothrix schenckii?
-RT LPCB: (MOLD) narrow septate hyphae, many conida that resemble "daisies"
-H/E from biopsy: (YEAST) Splendore-Hoeppli rxn, cigar shaped yeast forms
-Causes Sporotrichosis
Where are chromoblastomycosis infections normally found and how are they transmitted?
-Rural tropical areas
-Transmitted via direct inoculation w/infected soil or organic matter
-Common on the legs and arms
-NO person to person transmission
Describe the lesions/nodules found in chromoblastomycosis
-Slow growing
-Cauliflower-like, hang off body
Why is there a risk of squamous cell carcinoma associated with chromoblastomycosis?
-Nodules from the infection cause an increase production of skin (hyperplasia) which can lead to squamous cell carcinoma
-Appear similar histologically
What type of fungi cause chromoblastomycosis?
Pigmented molds; aka Dematiaceous fungi
Describe the laboratory diagnostic features of chromoblastomycosis
-Sample from "dark dots" on warty lesions
-Supporative and Granulomatous inflammation
-Pseudoepitheliomatous hyperplasia (thickening of skin; looks like squamous cell carcinoma)
-Histologically: spherical, thick-walled, brown muriform cells, pigmented hyphae
-Medlar or sclerotic bodies (brown)
Describe the treatment of chromoblastomycosis
-May start with heat or cryotherapy to shrink lesion before starting antifungal therapy
-Itraconazole, Terbinafine, Posaconazole, Flucytosine
What do Cladosporium species cause?
Chromoblastomycosis
What are the distinguishing features of Cladosporium sp
-Sebouraud: Dark on front and back
-LPCB: individual conidium put together that look like little hyphae, brownish color
-H/E: Medlar bodies (muriform cells or sclerotic bodies)-- brown, surrounded by eosinophils and macrophages
Where are eumycotic mycetoma infections found and how are they transmitted?
-Tropical areas with low rainfall
-Transmitted via traumatic inoculation
-Due to true fungi
Describe the lesions found in eumycotic mycetoma
-Slow growing
-Chronic
-Granulomatous cutaneous AND subcutaneous lesions/abscesses
Granulomatous abscesses containing aggregates of septate hyphae are called Granules; describe a typical Granule
-Broad, distorted, bizzare septate fungal hyphae and chlamydoconidia
-Dematiaceous (dark) or hyaline (pale)
-Splendore-Hoeppli material at granule periphery
What is the treatment for eumycotic mycetoma?
-Variable
-Slow course, might lead to amputation
-Tissue removal
-Not very successful
What is the typical location for Subcutaneous zygomycosis infections and how is it transmitted?
-Tropical environments
-Transmitted via traumatic inoculation of plant debris, soil
What two fungi are associated with Subcutaneous zygomycosis?
Basidiobolus ranarum
Conidiobolus coronatus
Describe Basidiobolus ranarum
-Aseptate fungi
-<20 yo
-Infection in proximal limbs
-3:1 male to female
-"Rana" means frog
Describe Conidobolus coronatus
-Aseptate fungi
-Rhinofacial infections
-Painless
-Acquired via inhalation of spores
-10:1 male to female
Describe the laboratory diagnosis of subcutaneous zygomycosis
-Require biopsy
-Splendore-Hoeppli
-Few/no septate
-Abscesses composed of eosinophils
-No angioinvasion
-Granulomatous infection (giant cells)
Describe the treatment for subcutaneous zygomycosis
-Various antifungals (itraconazole, oral potassium iodide in saturated solution)
-Facial reconstructive surgery
Where are subcutaneous phaeohyphomycosis infections typically found and how are they transmitted?
-Transmitted via traumatic implantation from soil, wood, and decaying vegetation
Describe the lesions in subcutaneous phaeohyphomycosis
-Firm or rubbery, fluctuant masses
-Painless
-May just be a cyst
-Very variable
-Can have plaque-like lesions
What type of fungi cause subcutaneous phaeohyphomycosis?
Pigmented, dematiaceous fungi
Describe the laboratory diagnosis of subcutaneous phaeohyphomycosis
-Sample from surgically removed cyst
-Cyst has fibrous capsule (granulomatous rxn w/central necrosis)
-Have melanin (Fontana-Masson stain or H/E)
-May have thick-walled swellings/nodules on hyphae
Describe the treatment of subcutaneous phaeohyphomycosis
-Surgical excision
-Anti-fungals (itraconazole, posaconazole, voriconazole, terbinafine)
About this deck
By: Sandi Raehtz
Created: 2012-04-04
Size: 30 flashcards
Views: 65
Created: 2012-04-04
Size: 30 flashcards
Views: 65
About StudyBlue
STUDYBLUE makes things that make you better at school.
Things like online flashcards with photos and audio.
Things like personalized quizzes and friendly reminders about when (and what) to study next.
Think of it as a digital backpack™: access to all of your study materials online and on your phone.
STUDYBLUE exists to make studying efficient and effective for every student, for free. Join us.
“I have been getting MUCH better grades on all my tests for school. Flash cards, notes, and quizzes are great on here. Thanks!”
Kathy
Kathy