Tapeworms- Companion Animals

Veterinary Medicine 6202 with Stromberg at University of Minnesota - Twin Cities

About this deck

By: Melinda Lecheler
Created: 2011-11-08
Size: 62 flashcards
Views: 8

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DH & IH of Taenia hydatigena (Cysticercus tenuicollis)

DH: dogs & wild carnivores

IH: pigs, sheep, other ruminants

What is the larval stage of Taenia hydatigena?

cysticercus

DH & IH of Taenia ovis (Cysticercus ovis)

DH: dogs & other carnivores

IH: sheep

What is the larval stage of Taenia ovis?

cysticercus

Where in the U.S. is Taenia ovis found?

western U.S.

DH & IH of Taenia krabbei (Cysticercus tarandi)

DH: canids

IH: cervids (sheep)

DH & IH of Taenia (Mulciceps) multiceps (Coenurus cerebralis)

DH dogs & other canids

IH: sheep

What is unique about the larvae in sheep infected with Taenia multiceps?

bladderworm found in the brain
*******Coenurus larval stage

What clinical signs does Taenia multiceps cause?

neurological signs ("gid" or "staggers")

DH & IH & larval form of Taenia pisiformis

DH: dog

IH: rabbits

larval form: cysticercus

DH, IH & larval form of Taenia serialis

DH: dog, canids

IH: rabbits, rodents

larval stage: coenurus

DH, IH, larval stage of T. taeniaeformis

DH: cats, felids, canids

IH: mice, rats

larval stage: strobilocercus

DH & IH of Echinococcus granulosus

DH: dogs

IH: sheep, goats, pigs, humans

What is unique about Echinococcus granulosus larval stage?

Hydatid cysts in liver, lungs, peritoneum, brain (can be larger than a basketball)

Whats different about the DH of Echinococcus granulosus in England?

horses are also DH's

What is the public health significant of Echinococcus granulosus?

humans enter the cycle as an intermediate host

(treatment --> surgical removal)

What's different about the proglottid of Echinococcus granulosus?

have 3 to 5 segments

t/f Echinococcus granulosus eggs are easily distiguishable from other taeniids

false

Describbe the hydatid cyst of Echinococcus granuulosus

mainly in liver or lung
unilocular (single large cyst)
fluid filled
produces hydatid sand
grow slowly

Life Cycle of Echinococcus granulosus

adult worm in sm. intestine sheds the terminal proglottid --> disintegrate releasing eggs --> IH ingests egg --> penetrate sm. intestine -->migrates to liver, lung -->matures into a hyadatid cyst --> DH ingests contents of hyadatid cyst --> larva migrate to sm. intestine

t/f Adult tapeworms (Echinococcus granulosus) produce few clinical signs even with massive infections

true

Clinical Signs of Echinococcus granulosus in non-human hosts

rare

economic loss due to condemnation

Clinical Signs of hydatid cysts in human host

NOTE: humans become infected when they ingest eggs from the dog

penetrates liver ---> lung--> peritoneum --> brain
pressure necrosis
accidental rupture --> systemic anaphylaxis
release of hydatid sand results in new hydatids

What does the survival of Echinococcus granulosus depend on?

predator/prey relationship

t/f Humans infected with Echinococcus granulosus is common in sheep producing areas

true

Diagnosis of Echinococcus granulosus in dogs

history of feeding on sheep, moose, etc
taeniid type eggs in feces
recovery of adult worms (generally after purging with arecoline)

Diagnosis of Echinococcus granulosus in sheep, goats, pig, moose

find cyst at necropsy

Diagnosis of human with Echinococcus granulosus

space occupying lesion
history of being in endemic area
cysts on radiograph, CAT scans, etc
immunodiagnostic tests (radioimmunoassay, ELISA)

What is the treatment of choice for dogs with Echinococcus granulosa?

praziquantel

(can also use epsiprantel - off label)

What is the treatment of choice for sheep with Echinococcus granulosus?

not treated (condemned)

How are humans with Echinococcus granulosus treated?

surgical removal
albendazole early in infection

Control mechanisms for Echinococcus granulosus

vigorous public education (sanitation, don't feed dogs "pluck")
mass periodic treatment of dogs
rigid control of livestock slaughtering

What is Echinococcus multilocularis also known as?

alveolar hydatid disease

Echinococcus multiocularis is similar to E. granulosus, but has some unique differences. What are they?

IH: fox & small rodents
multiocular hyadatid cyst that buds externally
great affinity for rodent & human liver
no firm outer membrane
very much like a living tumor
grows faster than E. granulosus

t/f Echinococcus multiocularis has been seen on numerous occasions in MN

true

Is Echinococcus multiocularis bigger or smaller than E. granulosus?

smaller

Clinical Signs of Echinococcus multiocularis in the fox

none

clinical signs of Echinococcus multiocularis in rodents

fatal

t/f Echinococcus multiocularis is one of the most letal parasitic diseases of humans

true

What is Diplydium caninum also known as? (3 names)

double pored tapeworm
flea tapeworm
cucumber seed tapeworm

DH & IH of Diplydium caninum

DH: dogs, cats, wild canids/felids, occ. children

IH: fleas & biting louse

Where do Dipylidium caninum adults live?

small intestine

What is the larval form of Dipylidium caninum in flea or louse?

cysticeroid

t/f Dipylidium caninum is found worldwide and prevalent in most of the US

true

Does Dipylidium caninum have armed or unarmed rostellum?

armed

Is the Dipylidium caninum proglottid longer than it is wide?

yes

Which segments of Dipylidium caninum contain eggs in packets

gravid segments

Dipylidum caninum life cycle

adults in sm intestine --> segments passed --> eggs ingested by flea larvae --> develop into cysticercoid in adult fleas --> DH ingests fleas containing cysticercoid --> tapeworm develops in sm. intestine

T/F Dipylidium caninum is highly pathogenic

false (little evidence of any pathogenicity_

What clinical signs, if any, would you see in a dog infected with Dipylidium caninum?

diarrhea/constipation
unthriftness/wt. loss
anal pruritis

How would you diagnose Dipylidium caninum?

gravid segments
infrequently egg packets in feces
when they dry out, they rehydrate in water

Treatment of Dipylidium caninum

praziquantel (droncit)
epsiprantel (Cestex)

Best ways to control Diphylidium caninum

treat animals

flea control

DH & IH's of Mesocestoides spp.

DH: dogs, cats, wild canids & felids

1st IH: coprophagous oribatid mite

2nd IH: amphibians, reptiles, rodents, dogs & cats

Does Mesocestoides have an armed or unarmed rostellum?

unarmed

What's weird about where the reproductive organs are found in Mesocestoides?

they have one set of reproductive organs per segment

What's a distguishing feature of the mature & gravid proglottid?

prominent thick walled, barrel shaped parauterine organ

Life cycle of Mesocesoides spp.

segments in DH pass in feces --> eggs ingested by oribatid mite and forms a cysticercoid --> mite ingested by 2nd IH --> develops into tetrathyridum in serous cavities --> tetrathyridia multiply asexually --> DH ingests infected IH --> worms develop in sm. intestine

Are there any clinical signs of dogs/cats infected with Mesocesoides?

Which hosts show clinical signs when infected with Mesocestoides?

IH's (dogs/cats with infections with tetrahythyridia) --> peritonitis & ascites

How would you diagnose Mesocestoides?

egg or proglottid in feces

parauterine organ

Treatment of choice for Mesocestoides

praziquantel (Droncit)

About this deck

By: Melinda Lecheler
Created: 2011-11-08
Size: 62 flashcards
Views: 8

About StudyBlue

“I have used this website for three exams, and I see a huge difference in my test results.”
Naj