Test 1

Construction Science 254 with Segner at Texas A&M University

About this deck

By: JT Webb
Created: 2011-07-13
Size: 50 flashcards
Views: 18

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Cocoanut Grove Fire

Occurred 1942 in Boston at a night club or speakeasy ( illegal bar during alcohol probation
Had about a 1000 people when only allowed 500
started by busboy lighting a match, which fire spread in 5min
most people killed in stairwell, or exiting through revolving door
fire ordinances were expanded to include larger restaurants and bars, not just theaters
building codes were also changed so that outward swinging exit doors with pushdown "panic bars" must flank any revolving door
improvements in burn

CFR

Code of Federal Regulation
OSHA 29 CFR, Part 1926, Safety and Health regulations for construction

Subparts

Personal Protective and Life Saving Equipment
Fire Protection and Prevention
Signs, Signals, and Barricades
Material Handling, Storage, Use and Disposal
Electrical

Choice

Often influcenced by considerations of environmental sustainability and feg. the selection is made on purely economic grounds

Sustainability

Green Building Council reported in 2008 buildings account for 30 to 40 percent
Construction and operation of buildings in the United States accounted for more than one-third of country's total energy consumption
2/3 of it's electricity
30% of its raw materials
quarter of its harvested wood
12 percent of its fresh water
Responsible for nearly half of green house gas

Sustainability

meeting the needs of the present generation without compromising the ability of future generations to meet their needs
It must be addressed on a life-cycle basis

Each passing year

green building techniques are becoming less a design specialty and more a part of mainstream practice

Cradle to Grave

from the orgins of the materials for a building, through the manaufacture and installation of these materials and their useful lifetime in the building, to their eventual disposal when the building's life is ended

Building Life Cycle

Origin and Manufacture of Materials for a building
Construction of the building
Use and Maintenance of the building
Demolition of the building

Embodied Energy

Total life cycle energy expended in extraction of raw materials, processing, fabrication, and transportion of a material of a material or product to its point of use in a building: in some calculations, may also include energy required to dispose of or recycle the material

Leed

US Green Building Council Leadership in Energy and Environmental Design
Certified, Sliver, Gold, Platinum
LEED NC- New Construction and Major Renovation
LEED EB- Existing Buildings
LEED CI- Commerial Building
LEED CS- Building Core and Shell Construction
LEED H- Homes

Who decides the final Cat. of LEED

Green Building Council

Net Zero energy

building that consumes no more energy than it produces

Carbon Neutral

bulding that causes no net increase in the emission of carbon dioxide, which is the most prevalent atmospheric greenhouse gas

Carbon Offsetting

funding of offsite activities that reduce

Architect helps to

organize the owners ideas about the new building and develops the form of the building and assembles a group of engineering specialists to help work out concepts and details

Zoning Ordinances

drawing and specifications are submitted to the local government building authorities, where they are checked for conformance with zoning ordinances and building codes before a permit is issued to build.

Legal restrictions on buildings

began with local zoning ordinances, which govern the types of activities that may take place on a given piece of land, how much of the land may be covered by buildings, how far buildings must be set back from adjacent property, how many parting spaces must be provided, how tall the building can be

building codes

local governments regulate building activity by means of building codes

building codes protect

protect public health and safety by setting minimum standards for

construction quality
structural integrity
durability
livabilty
accessibilty
fire saftey

300 Log

record log- hos

model building code

standards codes that local jurisdictions may adopt for their own use as an alternative to writing their own

Canada Code

National Building Code of Canada

United States

International Building Code is the major on, made by the International Code Counsil

IBC

International Building Code is the first unified model building Code

Define Occupancy groups for building

Occupancy

Group A-1 through A-5 = Public Assembly
Group B is Business (higher education)
Group E Educational (k-12)
Group F-1 and F-2 comprise industrial process using moderate flammability or non-combustible materials
Group H-1 to H-5 High Hazard
Group I-1 to I-4 Institutional Occupancies
Group M Mercantile occupancies
Group R-1 to R-4 Residential
Group S Storgage 1 to 2
Group U Utility Buildings

Construction types

follow the type of occupancy groups

Type 1 is the most fire resistant, non-combustible materials

Type V is the least fire resistant

Type I-A construction is defined in the IBC as

consisting only of noncombustible materials(masonry, concrete, steel)

Fire Resistance Ratings

measured in hours

1st Line-Structural frame, columns, beams, trusses, 3 Hours

2nd Line -load bearing walls which serve to carry load of floors must be rated at 3 hours

3rd Line floor and roof construction

Fire Resistance of Building

Type I-A the most

Decline 1 hour each interment step

Type V-B falls is 0 hours

In general the lower the construction type numeral, the higher the fire resistance

ASTM E119

Greater degree of fire resistance, the higher the cost

If an a building is protected throughout by an approved, fully automatic sprinkler system

IBC says that tabulated area may be quadrupled for a single-story building or as much as tripled for a multistory building

One story can also be added

If a story five-story, 30,000 square-foot office building that have been considering is provided with such a sprinkler can be made of any type construction

more than a quarter of the building faces a public access or open spaces

increase in up 75% in allowable area is granted in accordance with another formaula

Building divided by fire resistance walls, each divided portion can be

considered a separate building for purpose of computing its allowable

International Code Council

Produces the IRC which is the International Residential Code

It is a simplified model code of which one to two family homes or certain town homes

Building must also past other codes such as

Health Code
Energy Code
Fire Code
Electrical and mechanical Codes

ADA

American Disabilities Act

Makes accessibility Act to public buildings a civil Housing Act does the same for much multifamily

Access standards

regulate the design of entrances, stairs, doorways, elevators, toilet facilities, public areas

Occupational Safety

controls the design of work places to minimize hazards to the health and safety of workers
sets safety standards under which a building must be constructed t

VOC's

Volatile Organic Compounds

Organic chemical compounds that evaporate readily. These most often come from paint, stains, adhesives, binders in wood panel products

CSI

Construction Specifications Institute developed the Masterformat which is made up of 50 primary divisions

Design/bid/build project delivery

the owner first hires a team of architects and engineers to perform design services, which lead to the creation of CONSTRUCTION DOCUMENTS, that desribes the facility to be built. Construction firms then bid on job. The bidder may be on price alone

Benifits of Design/bid/build

easy to understand organizational structure

well established legal precedents

ease of management

owner starts off with a good idea of the cost of the project

Design/ Build project

one entity ultimately assumes responsibly for design and construction
gives the owner a single source of accountability for all aspects of the project

places constructors and designers in a collaborative relationship

Turnkey purpose construction

owner contracts single entity that provides both design and constructors and even the financing

single purpose construction

owner, designer, constructor all one entity and are joint members

Fixed fee or lump sum

construction project paid a fixed dollar amount no matter what the actual cost is of the project
most suitable for projects where the scope of the construction work is well defined which is design/bid/ build projects

Cost plus a fee basis

owner agrees to pay the construction entity for the actual costs of construction- whatever it may be- plus an fee
constructor is shielded from most cost uncertain and the owner assumes the risks and stands to gain the most from potential savings
most often used in construction where cost is unknown which is most often seen in Design/build

Sequential construction

each major phase is completed before the next one started
most often with design/build

Phased Construction also called fast track construction

reduce the time needed to complete the project by overlapping the design and construction of various project parts
though overall cost can not be figured out

Gantt chart

series of horizontal bars represent the duration of various tasks or groups of tasks that make up the project
easy to understand , only major construction represented

critical path

sequence of tasks that determines the least amount of time in which a project can be completed
technique for analyzing collections of tasks and optimizing the project schedule to minimize the duration and cost of a project

About this deck

By: JT Webb
Created: 2011-07-13
Size: 50 flashcards
Views: 18

About StudyBlue

“I have used this website for three exams, and I see a huge difference in my test results.”
Naj