TEST #2
Psychology 2012 with Berta at University of Colorado Boulder
About this deck
By: Nina Beltran
Textbook:
Biopsychology (8th Edition)
Created: 2012-03-19
Size: 37 flashcards
Views: 97
Textbook:
Biopsychology (8th Edition)Created: 2012-03-19
Size: 37 flashcards
Views: 97
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how do genes affect behavior
genes affect the traits that will be present in an organism which, with experience, affects the current behavior in response to the environment.
what are structural genes
they are genes that contain the information necessary for synthesis of proteins
what are operator genes
segment of DNA when repressor binds to it. As result, transcription of certain genes is inhibited
how do genes produce proteins?
DNA → RNA →Protein
What is the structure of DNA?
made of nucelotides: phosphoric acid backbone, sugar group with attached bases
what is transcription
- takes place in nucleus
- mRNA carries genetic code
- introns are removed
- exons are expressed sequences (code for proteins)
what is translation?
- takes place outside of nucleus
- long chain of amino acids carried by tRNA to ribosome
- ribosomes act like factories to connect amino acids into a long chain
What is protein made of?
long chain of amino acids that control physiological activities of cells and are important parts of cellular structure
what is messenger RNA
- mRNA
- carries the genetic code during transcription out of nucleus into cell
what is the mitochondrial DNA?
- inherited from mother
- mutations develop here
- can be used as evolutionary clock
what are expanded triplet repeats
a repeating sequenceof three base pairs
quantitative traits (continuous traits)
- due to many genes and environment
- Not either/or Mendelion traits.
- Continuoustraits like reaction time, IQ, musical ability, happiness.
what is the rationale behind family studies?
the closer the relationships, the more familymembers will be alike because they share more genes and environment.
what is familiarity?
phenotype (traits) runs in families
what is heritability?
- heritability is a population statistic not individual measuring differences in population due to genes
- Genetics and environment must be variable to get a good estimate
- divide diff in genetics by diff in trait
layout of the nervous system
- central (brain, spine)
- peripheral
- somatic (afferent, efferent)
- autonomic
- afferent
- efferent
- sympathetic
- parasympathetic
what is the basic function of the peripheral nervous system?
carries info to and from the CNS
what is the basic function of the central nervous system?
receives, processes, and sends signals to the peripheral nervous system
what is the basic function of the autonomic nervous system?
- part of peripheral NS that regulates body's internal environment
- afferent nerves: carry sensory signals from internal organs to the CNS
- efferent nerves: carry motor signals to theinternal organs from the CNS
what is the basic function of the somatic nervous system?
- interacts with environment
- afferent NS carry sensory signals from skin, skeletal muscles, joint, eyes, etc to CNS
- efferent NS carries motor signals from CNS to skeletal muscles
what is the basic function of the sympathetic nerves?
stimulateorganisms and mobilizes energy resources for emergence
(fightor flight response)
what is the basic function of the parasympathetic nervous system?
conserve energy
what are the 5 conventional functions of the sympathetic and parasympathetic nervous systems?
- allow body to function under stress
- fight or flight
- controls vegetative function
- feed or breed or rest and response
- constant opposition to sympathetic system
what is the common-sense view of emotions?
we sense something, experience emotion, have physiological response
what is the James-Lange view of emotions?
- we have the physiological responses before the experience of the emotion
- perception of stimulus > physiological response > experience of emotion
what is the Cannon-Bard view of emotions?
- experience of emotions are independent but parallel with the physiological response to stimulus
- perception of stimulus > experience of emotion + physiological response
what is the Schacter-Singer view of emotions?
label physiological responses as different emotions depending on situation
protection of the CNS
- skull and backbone
- 3 meninges (dura mator, arachnoid membrane, pia mater)
- cerebral spinal fluid (CFS) system
- blood brain barrier
what is the cerebral spinal fluid(CSF) system?
fluid flows through CNS
goes through arachnoid space, central canal, and length of chord
where is CSF made?
- choroid plexures (capillaries that protrude into all 4 ventricles)
- it is absorbed by sinuses in dura mater and drains into jugular vein
what is the blood-brain barrier?
capillaries running through brain that are tightly knit to prevent big molecules like protein to go through.
what are the functions of the blood-brain barrier?
- oxygen and CO2 pass through it,
- glucose transported across it,
- big molecules are blocked
why does blood-brain barrier break dow at the area postrema?
to detect toxins and induce vomiting
myelencephalon and its functions
- medulla
- most posterior division of brain
- carries signals between brain and body
- reticular formation
metencephalon and functions
- pons and cerebellum (10% of mass of brain, morethan half of neurons)
- sensorimotor as well as some reticular information
mesencephalon
- tectum: in dorsal surface of midbrain (superior colliculi for vision and inferior colliculi for hearing)
- tegmentum: division of mesencephalon ventral to tectum. for reticular formation but also has 3 colourful regions (substantia nigra destroyed in parkinsons)
diencephalon
- thalamus: recieves info from sensory receptors and various parts of the cortex
- hypothalamus: just below thalamus, involved in several motivated behaviors, cotrols putuitary gland chomically and neurally (which controls endocrine glands), sexual behavior, and eating
About this deck
By: Nina Beltran
Textbook: Biopsychology (8th Edition)
Created: 2012-03-19
Size: 37 flashcards
Views: 97
Textbook:
Biopsychology (8th Edition)Created: 2012-03-19
Size: 37 flashcards
Views: 97
About StudyBlue
STUDYBLUE makes things that make you better at school.
Things like online flashcards with photos and audio.
Things like personalized quizzes and friendly reminders about when (and what) to study next.
Think of it as a digital backpack™: access to all of your study materials online and on your phone.
STUDYBLUE exists to make studying efficient and effective for every student, for free. Join us.
“Simply amazing. The flash cards are smooth, there are many different types of studying tools, and there is a great search engine. I praise you on the awesomeness.”
Dennis
Dennis