test 4 part 3
Anatomy & Physiology 2094c with Turner at University of Central Florida
About this deck
By: Jasmin Jordan
Created: 2011-06-16
Size: 29 flashcards
Views: 12
Created: 2011-06-16
Size: 29 flashcards
Views: 12
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what are the 3 processes to urine filtration?
glomerular filtration
reabsorption
secretion
what is glomerular filtration?
the movement of fluid out of the capillaries of the glomerulus and into the Bowman's capsule
how does the glomerular filtration work?
the fluid leaks out and goes into Bowman's capsule
what is the fluid leaked out of the glomerulus?
glomerular filtrate
what is glomerular filtrate?
similar to interstitial fluid
no RBC, few plasma proteins
what is reabsorption?
the movement of substances out of the nephron and into the peritubular capillaries
"saving the good stuff"
how does reabsorption work?
anything that moved out of the nephron stays in the body
what are typical things reabsorbed?
water, glucose, and some salts
what is secretion?
the movement of substances from peritubular capillaries and interstitial fluid into the nephron for elimination
"concentrating the bad stuff"
what is glomerular filtration rate?
ml/min or liters/day
how much fluid leaves glomerulus and enters Bowman's capsule and how fast
What is GFR directly proportional to?
pressure inside the glomerulus
increased fluid ->increased pressure
what is different about the pressure in the glomerulus compared to other capillaries?
pressure in glomerulus tends to be higher than that of other capillaires and GFR and glomerular pressure tend to remain stable
what increased BP does glomerular pressure rise?
GFR would go up a little but not significantly with increased BP
How does the GFR remain stable with increased BP?
if normal and BP drops a little, at the glomerulus it will detect and constrict the efferent arterioles and dilate the afferent arterioles.
do the kidneys compensate during a significant drop in BP?
occuring during cardiovascular shock
the kidneys can't compensate and may result in kidney failure
what is the average adults with both kidneys GFR?
125 ml/min or 180 liters/day
what percentage of cardiac output do kidneys recieve?
20%
what filters thru the kidneys and how many times a day does this substance filter?
plasma filters thru the kidneys 60 times a day
what state is the interstitial fluid of the renal medulla in?
hypertonic state
formation of urine in the proximal convoluted tubule?
Na+ actively, Cl- passively, and H2O thru osmosis are pumped out and reabsorbed. volume of filtrate is decreased by 75%. glucose is actively reabsorbed. concentration gradient isnt changed.
what is the problem with people with diabetes in formation of urine?
people with diabetes have excess glucose in urine and the glucose pumps are acting at maximum capacity but glucose still remains in the urine because there is some much.
formation of urine in the descending loop of henle?
because the descending loop is going into the medulla it is more hypertonic. water moves out of the descending loop because the interstitial fluid is more hypertonic. Na+ and Cl-. the volume decrease and concentration increases
formation of urine in the ascending loop of henle?
completely impermeable to H2O. NaCl and urea are pumped out. volume doesn't change and concentration decrease (isotonic/hypotonic)
How does interstitial fluid of the renal medulla stay hypertonic?
interstitial fluid stays hypertonic by the cycling of NaCl and urea from the descending to ascending loops.
formation of urine in the distal convoluted tubule?
NaCl, H2O, bicarbonate, and is reabsorbed into body. K+ moves in to the distal convoluted tubule. volume decrease but the concentration is the same
what hormone is the distal convoluted tubule under the influence of?
aldosterone
urine formation in the collecting duct?
the permeability to water is directly controlled by ADH.
the higher the ADH the more permeability to water it becomes.
water leaves the collecting ducts and enter the vasa recta
where does the urine go after entering collecting ducts?
renal papillae and enters minor calyx major calyces into the ureters.
what influences does the hormone ADH have on collecting duct?
increased ADH water is more permeable and is reabsorbed making urine more concentrated and vice versa.
About this deck
By: Jasmin Jordan
Created: 2011-06-16
Size: 29 flashcards
Views: 12
Created: 2011-06-16
Size: 29 flashcards
Views: 12
About StudyBlue
STUDYBLUE makes things that make you better at school.
Things like online flashcards with photos and audio.
Things like personalized quizzes and friendly reminders about when (and what) to study next.
Think of it as a digital backpack™: access to all of your study materials online and on your phone.
STUDYBLUE exists to make studying efficient and effective for every student, for free. Join us.
“I have been getting MUCH better grades on all my tests for school. Flash cards, notes, and quizzes are great on here. Thanks!”
Kathy
Kathy