Test One

Political Science 150 with Mitchell at Arizona State University - Tempe

About this deck

By: Cailey Hale
Textbook:

Countries and Concepts: Politics, Geography, Culture (9th Edition)
Created: 2011-02-28
Size: 43 flashcards
Views: 103

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Comparative Politics

systematic study of patterns and authority across societies of the world

Why study Comparative Politics?

examine national values
explore national identities
become familiar with societies, cultures, political institutions

The State

The state is a network of institutions which possesses a monopoly over the legitimate use of violence within a given territory

What do states do?

1. maintain order
2. adjudicate disputes
3. enlarge wealth
4. protect, rescue from natural disasters
5. protect borders

Function of States

States function in a manner to maintain and enhance their legitimacy

Legitimacy

voluntary compliance by individuals to the authority of the state

Patrimonial

Voluntary compliance on basis of tradition custom or religious justification

Charismatic

authority of an individual who embodies the aspirations of a people who embodies the aspirations of a people

Legal-Rational/Constitutional

Written rules about what a state can and cannot do

Unitary State

authority is concentrated; centralized in a single set of institutions

Federalism

Power broken down from national into state and local governments

Ethnocentrism

making judgments about others cultures and societies on the supposition that one's own cultures are superior

Cultural Relativism

assuming that stereotypes about certain cultures are false because such cultures have their own moral logic and justifications

Empirical Statement

AVOID Ethnocentrism
analyzed through logical means

Normative Statement

AVOID Cultural Relativism

preference related to an institutional statement or form of behavior

Craft of Comparative Politics

Constructing Typologies
Analyzing Trends
Doing Case Studies

What is the innovation the American Constitution had?

The secure of blessing of liberty to ourselves and our posterity

Freedom House Criteria

Political Rights and Civil Liberties

Freedom House Political Rights

free, open elections
honest tabulation of ballots
elected officials
competitive political parties
freedom from military, religious oppression

Freedom House Civil Liberties

assembly
religious worship
press
independent judiciary
"due process" in criminal case

Aristotle's Contributions

o Typology of regime types

o Middle Sector

Aristotle's Regime Stability

Regimes are more stable when there is a large middle class

"Middle Sector"

stable democracy is built on the middle class

The Economist's Index

-Electoral Processes and Pluralism

-Functioning of Government

-Political Participation

-Political Culture

-Civil Liberties

Failed State

arrangements of authority in a given country are extremely weak or non-existent

Conditions in a Failed State

high degree of lawlessness
few opportunities for a good life
public services are poorly functioning or non-existent
violent or near-violent disputes among citizens
constant possibility of government overthrow or foreign occupation
conditions are extreme

"Foreign Policy" Failed State 1

Mounting Demographic Pressures
Massive Movement of Refugees

Legacy of Vengeance-Seeking Groups

Sustained Human Flight

Uneven Economic Development across Groups

Severe Economic Decline

"Foreign Policy" Failed State 2

Criminalization of a State

Deterioration of Public Services

Violation of Human Rights

The Military/Police operate as “State within a State”

Violent Rivalries

Intervention of External Political Actors

Portugal 1974

Carnation Revolution (authoritarian regime undergoes democratization)

Spain 1981

King defends democracy, declares rebel policemen traitors

Spain

fits somewhat neatly into Aristotelian/Lipset

Germany 1989

Berlin Wall falls, Authoritarian rule of Eastern Germany loses legitimacy

South Africa 1990

Supposedly inescapable apartheid state falls, Nelson Mandela is freed

Democratization

A process in which regimes undergo a transformation from authoritarian to democratic

Seymour Martin Lipset

democracies were the product of social development of middle class

Samuel Huntington

Democracy does not emerge from set conditions such environments creating a middle class, but in waves that spark revolution

Reversals and Fragility of Democracy

not unique to one particular region, no one is immune

Reversal of Democracy in 20th Century

Weimar Republic

German Emperor abdicated, democratic regime installed
Hyperinflation, war costs
Marxism vs. Conservatives
Hitler --> blame the Jews

Democracy to Chancellor

The Nazi Party ran in elections, etc.

Won the most votes for legislation

President of country appoints person with the most votes

Hitler with 41%, becomes chancellor

Burns Congress, blames communists

Emergence of Democracy in the Latter Part of the Twentieth Century

Inability to end colonial war

Expansion of Middle Class

European Union pledge agreement

Poor performance of Author. regime

"Snowball" effect

Defeat in war

About this deck

By: Cailey Hale
Textbook:

Countries and Concepts: Politics, Geography, Culture (9th Edition)
Created: 2011-02-28
Size: 43 flashcards
Views: 103

About StudyBlue

“Simply amazing. The flash cards are smooth, there are many different types of studying tools, and there is a great search engine. I praise you on the awesomeness.”
Dennis